Spring Service、Dao进行Junit单元测试

pring对Controller、Service、Dao进行Junit单元测试总结

​ 所有用Junit进行单元测试，都需要下面的配置

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@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)   @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})

​ applicationContext.xml 是整个项目的Spring的配置文件。包括数据源配置、MVC配置和各种Bean的注册扫描。如果你是多个文件，就用都好隔开写多个，像这样

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1	{ "classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:servlet-context.xml"}

1.Dao层的单元测试。

​ 将*Mapper接口注入进来，直接调用即可。加上@Transactional 事物管理注解以后，单元测试执行完后会撤销对数据库的修改。想看增删改的结果的话，可以把这个注解先注释。

~~~java 

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package testDao;   import com.susq.mbts.dao.UserMapper; import com.susq.mbts.domain.User; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;   import java.util.Date;   /** * Created by susq on 2017-5-3. */ @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = {“classpath:applicationContext.xml”}) @Transactional public class DaoTests { @Autowired private UserMapper userMapper;   @Test public void testSelect() {     User userInfo = userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(1L);     System.out.println(userInfo); }     @Test public void insert(){     User user = new User(); // user.setId(5L); user.setAge(“9”); user.setName(“王五”); user.setSex(“M”); user.setCreateTime(new Date()); userMapper.insert(user); }   @Test public void testUpdate() {     User user = new User();     user.setId(5L);     user.setAge("999");     user.setName("王五");     user.setSex("M");     user.setCreateTime(new Date());       userMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(user); }   @Test public void testDelete() {     userMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(7L); } }

2. Service层的单元测试与Dao层基本一致，把Service注入进来调用就行。

~~~java 

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package testDao;   import com.susq.mbts.domain.User; import com.susq.mbts.service.UserService; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;   /** * Created by susq on 2017-5-8. */ @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = {“classpath:applicationContext.xml”}) public class Sertest { @Autowired private UserService userService;   @Test public void selectUserTest() {     User u = userService.selectUser(1);     System.out.println(u); } }

3. Controller层的单元测试

​ 一种是把Controller的Bean注入进来，调里面的方法，这很显然比较扯淡，连Url都没经过，只测了方法。另一种是使用MockMvc模拟通过url的接口调用。MockMvc是SpringMVC提供的Controller测试类，每次进行单元测试时，都是预先执行@Before中的setup方法，初始healthArticleController单元测试环境。 
​ 注意：一定要把待测试的Controller实例进行MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(xxxxController).build(); 否则会抛出无法找到@RequestMapping路径的异常：No mapping found for HTTP request with URI [/cms/app/getArticleList] in DispatcherServlet

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package testDao;   import com.susq.mbts.controller.UserController; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;     /**  * Created by susq on 2017-5-8.  */ @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"}) public class ConTest {     @Autowired     private UserController userController;       private MockMvc mockMvc;       @Before     public void setup(){         mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(userController).build();     }       @Test     public void Ctest() throws Exception {         ResultActions resultActions = this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/show_user3").param("id", "1"));         MvcResult mvcResult = resultActions.andReturn();         String result = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();         System.out.println("=====客户端获得反馈数据:" + result);         // 也可以从response里面取状态码，header,cookies... //        System.out.println(mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus());     } }