误删系统表(drop dual)后数据库再次启动报错的解决办法

SYS@orcl> drop table dual;

SYS@orcl> select * from dual;
select * from dual
              *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00980: synonym translation is no longer valid

SYS@orcl> shutdow immediate

SYS@orcl> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  171966464 bytes
Fixed Size                   787988 bytes
Variable Size             145488364 bytes
Database Buffers           25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers                 524288 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

分析：报错原因可能是打开数据库时 检查系统完整性时报错，解决办法：修改初始化参数使得打开数据库时不检查系统完整性，

此时需要新建一个pfile初始化参数文件 设置初始化参数

replication_dependency_tracking = FALSE（具体含义有待研究）

创建该文件有两种方式

1、通过spfile创建

SYS@orcl> create pfile='d:\pfile.bak' from spfile;
ERROR:
ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE

SYS@orcl> conn / as sysdba

SYS@orcl> create pfile='d:\pfile.bak' from spfile;

File created.

手动打开该文件 在最后一行添加如下内容：

replication_dependency_tracking = FALSE

保存。

2、手动创建

手动创建文件'd:\pfile.bak' ，打开文件 在文件中添加以下内容：

SPFILE= 'F:\oracle\product\10.1.0\Db_1\database\SPFILEORCL.ORA'
replication_dependency_tracking = FALSE

保存。

此种引用方式需要了解一下 pfile 与spfile 文件的联系与区别（有待研究）

重新启动数据库：

SYS@orcl> startup pfile='d:\pfile.bak';
ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
ORA-01041: internal error. hostdef extension doesn't exist

SYS@orcl> shutdown immediate
ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
ORA-01041: internal error. hostdef extension doesn't exist

SYS@orcl> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SYS@orcl> shutdown immediate
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist

SYS@orcl> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.

SYS@orcl> startup pfile='d:\pfile.bak';
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  171966464 bytes
Fixed Size                   787988 bytes
Variable Size             145488364 bytes
Database Buffers           25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers                 524288 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SYS@orcl> select * from dual;
select * from dual
              *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00980: synonym translation is no longer valid

SYS@orcl> create table SYS.DUAL
  2  (
  3    DUMMY VARCHAR2(1)
  4  )
  5  tablespace SYSTEM
  6    pctfree 10
  7    pctused 40
  8    initrans 1
  9    maxtrans 255
 10    storage
 11    (
 12      initial 16K
 13      minextents 1
 14      maxextents unlimited
 15    );

SYS@orcl> grant select on SYS.DUAL to PUBLIC with grant option;

SYS@orcl> insert into dual (DUMMY)
  2  values ('X');

SYS@orcl> commit;

SYS@orcl> select * from dual;

D
-
X

SYS@orcl> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SYS@orcl> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  171966464 bytes
Fixed Size                   787988 bytes
Variable Size             145488364 bytes
Database Buffers           25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers                 524288 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SYS@orcl> select * from dual;

D
-
X

SYS@orcl>

结束！