MySQL中interactive_timeout和wait_timeout的区别

 

在用mysql客户端对数据库进行操作时，打开终端窗口，如果一段时间没有操作，再次操作时，常常会报如下错误：

ERROR 2013 (HY000): Lost connection to MySQL server during query

ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection. Trying to reconnect...

这个报错信息就意味着当前的连接已经断开，需要重新建立连接。

那么，连接的时长是如何确认的？

其实，这个与interactive_timeout和wait_timeout的设置有关。

首先，看看官方文档对于这两个参数的定义

interactive_timeout

默认是28800，单位秒，即8个小时

The number of seconds the server waits for activity on an interactive connection before closing it. An interactive client is defined as a client that uses the CLIENT_INTERACTIVE option to mysql_real_connect(). See also wait_timeout.

wait_timeout

默认同样是28800s

The number of seconds the server waits for activity on a noninteractive connection before closing it.

On thread startup, the session wait_timeout value is initialized from the global wait_timeout value or from the global interactive_timeout value, depending on the type of client (as defined by the CLIENT_INTERACTIVE connect option to mysql_real_connect()). See also interactive_timeout.

根据上述定义，两者的区别显而易见

1> interactive_timeout针对交互式连接，wait_timeout针对非交互式连接。所谓的交互式连接，即在mysql_real_connect()函数中使用了CLIENT_INTERACTIVE选项。

     说得直白一点，通过mysql客户端连接数据库是交互式连接，通过jdbc连接数据库是非交互式连接。 

2> 在连接启动的时候，根据连接的类型，来确认会话变量wait_timeout的值是继承于全局变量wait_timeout，还是interactive_timeout。

下面来测试一下，确认如下问题

1. 控制连接最大空闲时长的是哪个参数。

2. 会话变量wait_timeout的继承问题

Q1：控制连接最大空闲时长的是哪个参数

A1：wait_timeout

验证

只修改wait_timeout参数

mysql> select variable_name,variable_value from information_schema.session_variables where variable_name in ('interactive_timeout','wait_timeout');
+---------------------+----------------+
| variable_name       | variable_value |
+---------------------+----------------+
| INTERACTIVE_TIMEOUT | 28800          |
| WAIT_TIMEOUT        | 28800          |
+---------------------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> set session WAIT_TIMEOUT=10;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
-------等待10s后再执行
mysql> select variable_name,variable_value from information_schema.session_variables where variable_name in ('interactive_timeout','wait_timeout');
ERROR 2013 (HY000): Lost connection to MySQL server during query

可以看到，等待10s后再执行操作，连接已经断开。

只修改interactive_timeout参数

mysql> select variable_name,variable_value from information_schema.session_variables where variable_name in ('interactive_timeout','wait_timeout');
+---------------------+----------------+
| variable_name       | variable_value |
+---------------------+----------------+
| INTERACTIVE_TIMEOUT | 28800          |
| WAIT_TIMEOUT        | 28800          |
+---------------------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.06 sec)

mysql> set session INTERACTIVE_TIMEOUT=10;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) ----------等待10s后执行
mysql> select variable_name,variable_value from information_schema.session_variables where variable_name in ('interactive_timeout','wait_timeout');
+---------------------+----------------+
| variable_name       | variable_value |
+---------------------+----------------+
| INTERACTIVE_TIMEOUT | 10             |
| WAIT_TIMEOUT        | 28800          |
+---------------------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.06 sec)

Q2：会话变量wait_timeout的继承问题

A2：如果是交互式连接，则继承全局变量interactive_timeout的值，如果是非交互式连接，则继承全局变量wait_timeout的值。