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  • 常见的字段类型

    一:数据类型

      核心数据类型

      复杂数据类型

      专用数据类型

    二:核心数据类型

    1.字符串

      text:⽤于全⽂索引,该类型的字段将通过分词器进⾏分词

      keyword:不分词,只能搜索该字段的完整的值

    2.数值型

      long, integer, short, byte, double, float, half_float, scaled_float

    3.二进制

      该类型的字段把值当做经过 base64 编码的字符串,默认不存储,且不可搜索

    4.范围类型

      范围类型表示值是⼀个范围,⽽不是⼀个具体的值 integer_range, float_range, long_range, double_range, date_range

      譬如 age 的类型是 integer_range,那么值可以是 {"gte" : 20, "lte" : 40};搜索 "term" : {"age": 21} 可以搜索该值

      制造数据,然后添加:

    PUT /wba/
    {
    	"mappings": {
    		"properties": {
    			"age_range": {
    				"type": "integer_range"
    			}
    
    		}
    	}
    }
    
    PUT /wba/_doc/1
    {
      "age_range":{
        "gte":10,
        "lte":15
      }
    }
    
    PUT /wba/_doc/2
    {
      "age_range":{
        "gte":15,
        "lte":20
      }
    }
    
    PUT /wba/_doc/3
    {
      "age_range":{
        "gte":20,
        "lte":30
      }
    }
    

      查询:

    GET /wba/_search
    {
      "query": {
        "term":{
          "age_range":15
        }
      }
    }
    

      效果:

    {
      "took" : 247,
      "timed_out" : false,
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 1,
        "successful" : 1,
        "skipped" : 0,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "hits" : {
        "total" : {
          "value" : 2,
          "relation" : "eq"
        },
        "max_score" : 1.0,
        "hits" : [
          {
            "_index" : "wba",
            "_type" : "_doc",
            "_id" : "1",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "age_range" : {
                "gte" : 10,
                "lte" : 15
              }
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "wba",
            "_type" : "_doc",
            "_id" : "2",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "age_range" : {
                "gte" : 15,
                "lte" : 20
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
    

      

    5.日期类型

      由于Json没有date类型,所以es通过识别字符串是否符合format定义的格式来判断是否 为date类型

      format默认为:strict_date_optional_time||epoch_millis

      格式 "2022-01-01" "2022/01/01 12:10:30", 这种字符串格式

      从开始纪元(1970年1⽉1⽇0点) 开始的毫秒数

      从开始纪元开始的秒数

    PUT /cba/
    {
    	"mappings": {
    		"properties": {
    			"name": {
    				"type": "text"
    			},
    			"team_name": {
    				"type": "text"
    			},
    			"position": {
    				"type": "text"
    			},
    			"play_year": {
    				"type": "long"
    			},
    			"jerse_no": {
    				"type": "keyword"
    			},
    			"title": {
    				"type": "text"
    			},
    			"date": {
    				"type": "date"
    			}
    		}
    	}
    }
    

      添加数据

    PUT /cba/_doc/1
    {
    	"name": "蔡x坤",
    	"team_name": "勇⼠",
    	"position": "得分后卫",
    	"play_year": 10,
    	"jerse_no": "31",
    	"title": "打球最帅的明星",
    	"date": "2020-01-01"
    }
    
    PUT /cba/_doc/2
    {
    	"name": "杨超越",
    	"team_name": "猴急",
    	"position": "得分后卫",
    	"play_year": 10,
    	"jerse_no": "32",
    	"title": "打球最可爱的明星",
    	"date": 1610350870
    }
    

      直接查询:

    GET /cba/_search
    {
      "query": {
        "term": {
          "date": {
            "value": "2020-01-01"
          }
        }
      }
    }
    

      结果:

    {
      "took" : 541,
      "timed_out" : false,
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 1,
        "successful" : 1,
        "skipped" : 0,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "hits" : {
        "total" : {
          "value" : 1,
          "relation" : "eq"
        },
        "max_score" : 1.0,
        "hits" : [
          {
            "_index" : "cba",
            "_type" : "_doc",
            "_id" : "1",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "name" : "蔡x坤",
              "team_name" : "勇⼠",
              "position" : "得分后卫",
              "play_year" : 10,
              "jerse_no" : "31",
              "title" : "打球最帅的明星",
              "date" : "2020-01-01"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
    

      

    三:复杂数据类型

    1.数组类型Array

      ES中没有专⻔的数组类型, 直接使⽤[]定义即可,

      数组中所有的值必须是同⼀种数据类 型, 不⽀持混合数据类型的数组:

      字符串数组 [ "one", "two" ] 整数数组 [ 1, 2 ] Object对象数组 [ { "name": "Louis", "age": 18 }, { "name": "Daniel", "age": 17 }]

      同⼀个数组只能存同类型的数据,不能混存,譬如 [ 10, "some string" ] 是错误的

    2.对象类型Object

      对象类型可能有内部对象

    {
    	"name": "吴亦凡",
    	"team_name": "湖⼈",
    	"position": "得分后卫",
    	"play_year": 10,
    	"jerse_no": "33",
    	"title": "最会说唱的明星",
    	"date": "1641886870",
    	"array": [
    		"one",
    		"two"
    	],
    	"address": {
    		"region": "China",
    		"location": {
    			"province": "GuangDong",
    			"city": "GuangZhou"
    		}
    	}
    }
    

      索引方式:

    {
    	"query": {
    		"match": {
    			"address.region": "china"
    		}
    	}
    }
    

      

    四:专用的数据类型

      可以参考:https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-types.html#_complex_datatypes

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/juncaoit/p/12650720.html
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