Spring MVC简介

一、概念

Spring+MVC，用来创建web应用，关键在于配置

二、web应用配置文件web.xml

1. web.xml文件用来初始化配置信息，比如welcome页面、servlet、filter、listener

2. Spring MVC是通过servlet拦截所有URL，来达到控制的目的

3. contextConfigLocation配置：结合了Spring和web

4. servlet配置：值为DispatcherServlet，包含了Spring MVC的请求逻辑，Spring使用DispatcherServlet来拦截web请求并进行逻辑处理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         metadata-complete="false">

    <display-name>fs-webhook-provider</display-name>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring/application-context.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/application-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

三、Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml

四、servlet配置文件spring-servlet.xml，前端控制器的配置

1. 存放web部分的配置

2. Spring MVC是基于Servlet的实现，服务器会加载对应于Servlet的配置文件

<bean id="viewResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>