大数据量分页存储过程效率测试附代码(转)

在项目中，我们经常遇到或用到分页，那么在大数据量（百万级以上）下，哪种分页算法效率最优呢？我们不妨用事实说话。

测试环境

硬件：CPU 酷睿双核T5750 内存：2G

软件:Windows server 2003 + Sql server 2005

OK,我们首先创建一数据库：data_Test,并在此数据库中创建一表：tb_TestTable

create database data_Test  --创建数据库data_Test 
GO 
use data_Test 
GO 
create table tb_TestTable   --创建表 
( 
    id int identity(1,1) primary key, 
    userName nvarchar(20) not null, 
    userPWD nvarchar(20) not null, 
    userEmail nvarchar(40) null 
) 
GO

然后我们在数据表中插入2000000条数据:

--插入数据 
set identity_insert tb_TestTable on 
declare @count int 
set @count=1 
while @count<=2000000 
begin  
    insert into tb_TestTable(id,userName,userPWD,userEmail) values(@count,'admin','admin888','lli0077@yahoo.com.cn') 
    set @count=@count+1 
end 
set identity_insert tb_TestTable off

我首先写了五个常用存储过程：

1，利用select top 和select not in进行分页，具体代码如下：

create procedure proc_paged_with_notin  --利用select top and select not in 
( 
    @pageIndex int,  --页索引 
    @pageSize int    --每页记录数 
) 
as 
begin 
    set nocount on; 
    declare @timediff datetime --耗时 
    declare @sql nvarchar(500) 
    select @timediff=Getdate() 
    set @sql='select top '+str(@pageSize)+' * from tb_TestTable where(ID not in(select top '+str(@pageSize*@pageIndex)+' id from tb_TestTable order by ID ASC)) order by ID' 
    execute(@sql)  --因select top后不支技直接接参数，所以写成了字符串@sql 
    select datediff(ms,@timediff,GetDate()) as 耗时 
    set nocount off; 
end

2,利用select top 和 select max(列键)

 

create procedure proc_paged_with_selectMax  --利用select top and select max(列) 
( 
    @pageIndex int,  --页索引 
    @pageSize int    --页记录数 
) 
as 
begin 
set nocount on; 
    declare @timediff datetime 
    declare @sql nvarchar(500) 
    select @timediff=Getdate() 
    set @sql='select top '+str(@pageSize)+' * From tb_TestTable where(ID>(select max(id) From (select top '+str(@pageSize*@pageIndex)+' id From tb_TestTable order by ID) as TempTable)) order by ID' 
    execute(@sql) 
    select datediff(ms,@timediff,GetDate()) as 耗时 
set nocount off; 
end

 

3,利用select top和中间变量--此方法因网上有人说效果最佳，所以贴出来一同测试

create procedure proc_paged_with_Midvar  --利用ID>最大ID值和中间变量 
( 
    @pageIndex int, 
    @pageSize int 
) 
as 
    declare @count int 
    declare @ID int 
    declare @timediff datetime 
    declare @sql nvarchar(500) 
begin 
set nocount on; 
    select @count=0,@ID=0,@timediff=getdate() 
    select @count=@count+1,@ID=case when @count<=@pageSize*@pageIndex then ID else @ID end from tb_testTable order by id 
    set @sql='select top '+str(@pageSize)+' * from tb_testTable where ID>'+str(@ID) 
    execute(@sql) 
    select datediff(ms,@timediff,getdate()) as 耗时 
set nocount off; 
end

4,利用Row_number() 此方法为SQL server 2005中新的方法,利用Row_number()给数据行加上索引

 

create procedure proc_paged_with_Rownumber  --利用SQL 2005中的Row_number() 
( 
    @pageIndex int, 
    @pageSize int 
) 
as 
    declare @timediff datetime 
begin 
set nocount on; 
    select @timediff=getdate() 
    select * from (select *,Row_number() over(order by ID asc) as IDRank from tb_testTable) as IDWithRowNumber where IDRank>@pageSize*@pageIndex and IDRank<@pageSize*(@pageIndex+1) 
    select datediff(ms,@timediff,getdate()) as 耗时 
set nocount off; 
end

 

5，利用临时表及Row_number

create procedure proc_CTE  --利用临时表及Row_number 
( 
    @pageIndex int,  --页索引 
    @pageSize int    --页记录数 
) 
as 

    set nocount on; 
    declare @ctestr nvarchar(400) 
    declare @strSql nvarchar(400) 
    declare @datediff datetime 
begin 
    select @datediff=GetDate() 
    set @ctestr='with Table_CTE as 
                (select ceiling((Row_number() over(order by ID ASC))/'+str(@pageSize)+') as page_num,* from tb_TestTable)'; 
    set @strSql=@ctestr+' select * From Table_CTE where page_num='+str(@pageIndex) 
end 
    begin 
        execute sp_executesql @strSql 
        select datediff(ms,@datediff,GetDate()) 
    set nocount off; 
    end

OK,至此，存储过程创建完毕，我们分别在每页10条数据的情况下在第2页，第1000页，第10000页，第100000页，第199999页进行测试，耗时单位：ms  每页测试5次取其平均值

存过	第2页耗时	第1000页耗时	第10000页耗时	第100000页耗时	第199999页耗时	效率排行
1用not in	0ms	16ms	47ms	475ms	953ms	3
2用select max	5ms	16ms	35ms	325ms	623ms	1
3中间变量	966ms	970ms	960ms	945ms	933ms	5
4row_number	0ms	0ms	34ms	365ms	710ms	2
4临时表	780ms	796ms	798ms	780ms	805ms	4

测试结果显示：select max >row_number>not in>临时表>中间变量

于是我对效率最高的select max方法用2分法进行了扩展，代码取自互联网，我修改了ASC排序时取不到值的BUG，测试结果:

2分法

156ms

156ms

180ms

470ms

156ms

1*

从测试结果来看，使用2分法确实可以提高效率并使效率更为稳定，我又增加了第159999页的测试，用时仅296ms，效果相当的不错！

下面是2分法使用select max的代码，已相当完善。

--/*-----存储过程 分页处理 孙伟 2005-03-28创建 -------*/ 
--/*-----存储过程 分页处理 浪尘 2008-9-1修改----------*/ 
--/*----- 对数据进行了2分处理使查询前半部分数据与查询后半部分数据性能相同 -------*/ 

alter PROCEDURE proc_paged_2part_selectMax 
( 
@tblName     nvarchar(200),        ----要显示的表或多个表的连接 
@fldName     nvarchar(500) = '*',    ----要显示的字段列表 
@pageSize    int = 10,        ----每页显示的记录个数 
@page        int = 1,        ----要显示那一页的记录 
@fldSort    nvarchar(200) = null,    ----排序字段列表或条件 
@Sort        bit = 0,        ----排序方法，0为升序，1为降序(如果是多字段排列Sort指代最后一个排序字段的排列顺序(最后一个排序字段不加排序标记)--程序传参如：' SortA Asc,SortB Desc,SortC ') 
@strCondition    nvarchar(1000) = null,    ----查询条件,不需where 
@ID        nvarchar(150),        ----主表的主键 
@Dist                 bit = 0,           ----是否添加查询字段的 DISTINCT 默认0不添加/1添加 
@pageCount    int = 1 output,            ----查询结果分页后的总页数 
@Counts    int = 1 output                ----查询到的记录数 
) 
AS 
SET NOCOUNT ON 
Declare @sqlTmp nvarchar(1000)        ----存放动态生成的SQL语句 
Declare @strTmp nvarchar(1000)        ----存放取得查询结果总数的查询语句 
Declare @strID     nvarchar(1000)        ----存放取得查询开头或结尾ID的查询语句 

Declare @strSortType nvarchar(10)    ----数据排序规则A 
Declare @strFSortType nvarchar(10)    ----数据排序规则B 

Declare @SqlSelect nvarchar(50)         ----对含有DISTINCT的查询进行SQL构造 
Declare @SqlCounts nvarchar(50)          ----对含有DISTINCT的总数查询进行SQL构造 

declare @timediff datetime  --耗时测试时间差 
select @timediff=getdate() 

if @Dist  = 0 
begin 
    set @SqlSelect = 'select ' 
    set @SqlCounts = 'Count(*)' 
end 
else 
begin 
    set @SqlSelect = 'select distinct ' 
    set @SqlCounts = 'Count(DISTINCT '+@ID+')' 
end 


if @Sort=0 
begin 
    set @strFSortType=' ASC ' 
    set @strSortType=' DESC ' 
end 
else 
begin 
    set @strFSortType=' DESC ' 
    set @strSortType=' ASC ' 
end 



--------生成查询语句-------- 
--此处@strTmp为取得查询结果数量的语句 
if @strCondition is null or @strCondition=''     --没有设置显示条件 
begin 
    set @sqlTmp =  @fldName + ' From ' + @tblName 
    set @strTmp = @SqlSelect+' @Counts='+@SqlCounts+' FROM '+@tblName 
    set @strID = ' From ' + @tblName 
end 
else 
begin 
    set @sqlTmp = + @fldName + 'From ' + @tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition 
    set @strTmp = @SqlSelect+' @Counts='+@SqlCounts+' FROM '+@tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition 
    set @strID = ' From ' + @tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition 
end 

----取得查询结果总数量----- 
exec sp_executesql @strTmp,N'@Counts int out ',@Counts out 
declare @tmpCounts int 
if @Counts = 0 
    set @tmpCounts = 1 
else 
    set @tmpCounts = @Counts 

    --取得分页总数 
    set @pageCount=(@tmpCounts+@pageSize-1)/@pageSize 

    /**//**当前页大于总页数 取最后一页**/ 
    if @page>@pageCount 
        set @page=@pageCount 

    --/*-----数据分页2分处理-------*/ 
    declare @pageIndex int --总数/页大小 
    declare @lastcount int --总数%页大小  

    set @pageIndex = @tmpCounts/@pageSize 
    set @lastcount = @tmpCounts%@pageSize 
    if @lastcount > 0 
        set @pageIndex = @pageIndex + 1 
    else 
        set @lastcount = @pagesize 

    --//***显示分页 
    if @strCondition is null or @strCondition=''     --没有设置显示条件 
    begin 
        if @pageIndex<2 or @page<=@pageIndex / 2 + @pageIndex % 2   --前半部分数据处理 
            begin  
                if @page=1 
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName                         
                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType 
                else 
                begin 
                    if @Sort=1 
                    begin                     
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName 
                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)' 
                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType 
                    end 
                    else 
                    begin 
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName 
                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)' 
                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType  
                    end 
                end     
            end 
        else 
            begin 
            set @page = @pageIndex-@page+1 --后半部分数据处理 
                if @page <= 1 --最后一页数据显示                 
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@lastcount as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName 
                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType  
                else 
                    if @Sort=1 
                    begin 
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName 
                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)' 
                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType 
                    end 
                    else 
                    begin 
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName 
                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)' 
                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType  
                    end 
            end 
    end 

    else --有查询条件 
    begin 
        if @pageIndex<2 or @page<=@pageIndex / 2 + @pageIndex % 2   --前半部分数据处理 
        begin 
                if @page=1 
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName                         
                        +' where 1=1 ' + @strCondition + ' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType 
                else if(@Sort=1) 
                begin                     
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)' 
                        +' '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType 
                end 
                else 
                begin 
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)' 
                        +' '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType  
                end            
        end 
        else 
        begin  
            set @page = @pageIndex-@page+1 --后半部分数据处理 
            if @page <= 1 --最后一页数据显示 
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@lastcount as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where (1=1) '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType                      
            else if(@Sort=1) 
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where (1=1) '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)' 
                        +' '+ @strCondition+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType     
            else 
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName 
                        +' where (1=1) '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)' 
                        +' '+ @strCondition+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType             
        end     
    end 

------返回查询结果----- 
exec sp_executesql @strTmp 
select datediff(ms,@timediff,getdate()) as 耗时 
--print @strTmp 
SET NOCOUNT OFF 
GO

执行示例：exec proc_paged_2part_selectMax 'tb_testTable','ID,userName,userPWD,userEmail',10,100000,'ID',0,null,'ID',0

这种测试只在单机进行，并且没有在实际开发WEB项目中分页测试，测试项也比较单一，所以不够全面系统，但从其效率相比上，我们可以在数据库分页算法上进行有效的控制。