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  • 【Elasticsearch】ElasticSearch基本查询

    学习elasticsearch查询用法的时候,发现这篇文章写得很详细,为以后方便查看,就直接搬过来了,原文链接在下面。

    版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
    本文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/u014646662/article/details/89010759

    1、数据准备

    put lib3
    {
      "settings":{
        "number_of_shards":3,
        "number_of_replicas":0
      },
      "mappings":{
        "user":{
          "properties":{
            "name":{"type":"text"},
            "address":{"type":"text"},
            "age":{"type":"integer"},
            "interests":{"type":"text"},
            "birthday":{"type":"date"}
          }
        }
      }
    }
     
    post /lib3/user
    {
      "name":"lisi",
      "address":"shandong",
      "age":18,
      "interests":"youyong shufa changge tiaowu",
      "birthday":"2001-01-19"
    }
     
    post /lib3/user
    {
      "name":"wangwu",
      "address":"zhejiang",
      "age":22,
      "interests":"youyong shufa",
      "birthday":"1997-01-19"
    }
     
    post /lib3/user
    {
      "name":"zhangsan",
      "address":"zhejiang",
      "age":20,
      "interests":"youyong shufa changge changpao",
      "birthday":"1999-08-29"
    }
     
    post /lib3/user
    {
      "name":"youyong",
      "address":"zhejiang",
      "age":20,
      "interests":"youyong shufa changge changpao",
      "birthday":"1999-08-29"
    }

    测试一下

    1 get /lib3/user/_search?q=name:lisi
    2 get /lib3/user/_search?q=name:wangwu&sort=age:desc

    2、term查询和terms查询

    • term query会去倒排索引中寻找确切的term,它并不知道分词器的存在。这种查询适合keyword 、numeric、date。
    • term:查询某个字段里含有某个关键词的文档
    • terms:查询某个字段里含有多个关键词的文档
    get /lib3/user/_search/
    {
      "query":{"term":{ "interests":"youyong"}}
    }
     
    get lib3/user/_search/
    {
      "query":{"terms":{"interests":["shufa","youyong"]}}
    }

    3、控制查询返回的数量

    get lib3/user/_search
    {
      "from":0,
      "size":2,
      "query":{
        "terms":{
          "interests": ["changge","tiaowu"]
        }
      }
    }

    4、返回版本号

    get lib3/user/_search
    {
      "version":true,
      "query":{
        "term":{"interests": "changge"}
      }
    }

    5、match查询

    • match query知道分词器的存在,会对filed进行分词操作,然后再查询
    • match_all:查询所有文档
    • multi_match:可以指定多个字段
    • match_phrase:短语匹配查询,ElasticSearch引擎首先分析(analyze)查询字符串,从分析后的文本中构建短语查询,这意味着必须匹配短语中的所有分词,并且保证各个分词的相对位置不变
    GET lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{"match":{"age": 20}}
    }
    GET lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{"match":{"interests": "changge"}}
    }
     
    GET lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{
        "match_all": {}
      }
    }
     
    GET lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{
        "multi_match": {
          "query": "youyong",
          "fields":["interests","name"]
        }
      }
    }
     
    get lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{
        "match_phrase":{"interests": "youyong shufa"}
      }
    }

    6、指定返回的字段、显示字段

    get lib3/user/_search
    {
      "_source":["name","age"],
      "query":{
        "match": {
          "interests": "changge"
        }
      }
    }

    7、显示要的字段、去除不需要的字段

    get lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "_source":{
         "includes": "addr*",
         "excludes": ["name","bir*"]
      }
    }

    8、排序

    • 前缀匹配查询"match_phrase_prefix",
    • 使用sort实现排序:desc:降序,asc升序
    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
        "query": {
            "match_phrase_prefix": {
              "interests": "you"
            }
        },
        
        "sort":[
          {
            "age":{"order": "desc"}
          }
          ]
    }

    9、 范围查询

    • range:实现范围查询
    • 参数:from,to,include_lower,include_upper,boost
    • include_lower:是否包含范围的左边界,默认是true
    • include_upper:是否包含范围的右边界,默认是true
    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
        "query": {
            "range": {
                "birthday": {
                    "from": "1990-10-10",
                    "to": "2000-05-01",
                     "include_lower": true,
                    "include_upper": false
                }
            }
        }
    }
     
     
    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
        "query": {
            "range": {
                "age": {
                    "from": 18,
                    "to": 25,
                    "include_lower": true,
                    "include_upper": false
                }
            }
        }
    }

    10、wildcard查询

    • 允许使用通配符* 和 ?来进行查询
    • *代表0个或多个字符
    • ?代表任意一个字符
    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
        "query": {
            "wildcard": {
                 "name": "wang*"
            }
        }
    }
     
     
    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
        "query": {
            "wildcard": {
                 "name": "li?i"
            }
        }
    }

    11、fuzzy实现模糊查询

    • value:查询的关键字
    • boost:查询的权值,默认值是1.0
    • min_similarity:设置匹配的最小相似度,默认值为0.5,对于字符串,取值为0-1(包括0和1);对于数值,取值可能大于1;对于日期型取值为1d,1m等,1d就代表1天
    • prefix_length:指明区分词项的共同前缀长度,默认是0
    • max_expansions:查询中的词项可以扩展的数目,默认可以无限大
    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
        "query": {
            "fuzzy": {
                 "interests": "chagge"
            }
        }
    }
     
    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
        "query": {
            "fuzzy": {
                 "interests": {
                     "value": "chagge"
                 }
            }
        }
    }

    12、高亮搜索结果

    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
        "query":{
            "match":{
                "interests": "changge"
            }
        },
        "highlight": {
            "fields": {
                 "interests": {}
            }
        }
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jxd283465/p/11690959.html
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