虚拟环境新建项目 rest framework

新建文件夹
mkdir project1
cd project1


新建虚拟环境

virtualenv --no-site-packages env1

cd到project1的bin里
激活虚拟环境
source activate

在虚拟环境中安装依赖
pip install django==1.11.11 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
pip install djangorestframework

序列化

serializers只做一件事情，json化model对象

首先在app01创建一个serializers.py来编写序列化相关的代码：

from app01.models import Comment,Article,School
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.validators import ValidationError

class CommentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    #相当于form组件的勾子
    def validate_content(self,value):
        if '草' in value:
            raise ValidationError('不符合社会主义核心价值观')
        else:
            return value

    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = '__all__'，所有字段
        extra_kwargs = {
            'content':{
                'error_message':{
                    'required':'内容不能为空',
                }
            }
        }

class ArticleModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):


    class Meta:
        model = Article
        fields = '__all__'

#HyperlinkedModelSerializer:建立超链接关系
class ArticleHyperLinkedSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    school = serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer(view_name='school_detail1111',
                                                    lookup_url_kwarg='id')

    class Meta:
        model = Article
        fields = {'id','title','type','school'}


class SchoolSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):


    class Meta:
        model = School
        fields = '__all__'

编写视图文件views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from app01 import models
from django import views
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from app01 import serializers as app01_serializers

# Create your views here.

class Comment(APIView):


    def get(self,request):
        res = {'code':0}
        # 数据
        all_comment = models.Comment.objects.all()
        #序列化
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.CommentSerializer(all_comment,many=True)
        res['data'] = ser_obj.data
        return Response(res)

    def post(self,request):
        res = {'code':0}
        # 去提交的数据
        comment_data = self.request.data
#        对用户提交的数据做校验
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.CommentSerializer(data=comment_data)

        if ser_obj.is_valid():
            ser_obj.save()
#             表示数据没问题可以创建
        else:
            # 表示数据有问题
            res['code'] = 1
            res['error'] = ser_obj.errors
        return HttpResponse('创建新评论')

    def put(self,request):
        # rest framework封装好的request
        print(self,request)
        print(self.request.data)
        return HttpResponse('修改评论')

    def delete(self,request):
        print(self.request)
        print(self.request.data)
        return HttpResponse('删除评论')


# 文章CBV
class Article(APIView):

    def get(self,request):

        res = {'code':0}
        all_article = models.Article.objects.all()
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.ArticleHyperLinkedSerializer(
            all_article,many=True,context={'request':request}
        )
        res['data'] = ser_obj.data
        return Response(res)

    def post(self,request):
        res = {'code':0}
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.ArticleHyperLinkedSerializer(
            data=self.request.data)
        if ser_obj.is_valid():
            ser_obj.save()
        else:
            res['code'] = 1
            res['error']=ser_obj.errors
        return Response(res)


class ArticleDetail(APIView):


    def get(self,request,pk):
        res = {'code':0}
        article_obj = models.Article.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
#         序列化
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.ArticleHyperLinkedSerializer(article_obj,context={'request':request})
        res['data']=ser_obj.data
        return Response(res)
    

class SchoolDetail(APIView):
    
    def get(self,request,id):
        res = {'code':0}
        school_obj = models.School.objects.filter(pk=id).first()
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer(school_obj,context={'request':request})
        res['data'] = ser_obj.data
        return Response(res)
        
        

 app01/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'article/', views.Article.as_view()),
    url(r'article/(?P<pk>d+)', views.ArticleDetail.as_view(), name='article-detail'),
    url(r'school/(?P<id>d+)', views.SchoolDetail.as_view(), name='school-detail111'),

    # 评论
    # url(r'comment_list/', ),
    # url(r'add_comment/', ),
    # url(r'delete_comment/', ),
    # url(r'edit_comment/', ),
    url(r'comment/', views.Comment.as_view()),
]

 settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app01.apps.App01Config',
    'rest_framework'
]