ASP.NET Web.Config 读资料 (学习笔记)

refer : http://www.cnblogs.com/fish-li/archive/2011/12/18/2292037.html

上面这篇写很好了.

在做项目时，我们经常会遇到一些资料，我们不知道该把它们安置在何处. 

比如公司资料

1.放在数据库 (资料不经常修改，没必要这么大费周章吧).

2.放在代码里头 (也不是说绝对不会改丫，写在代码里变成dll后不容易修改了耶 /.)

大部分人都会把这样一群资料统统塞进 webConfig appSettings 里头

数据少的话，其实也没什么，只是一但数据多起来，我们就得分类来装置了。

这里我会教大家如果在 webConfig 中写自己的 Element 来不存资料，而不完全的塞在 appSettings 里头

从 appSettings 或者资料

<appSettings>
  <add key="stringData" value="value" />
</appSettings>

string value = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["stringData"].ToString();

自定义一个 object 

<configuration>
  <configSections>  
    <section name="objectSection" type="Project.Config.objectSection" />  <!--要在 configSections 内注册哦-->
  </configSections>

　
  <objectSection 
    stringData="value" 
    intData="50"
  />
</configuration>

//对应的 Class 
//每一个属性一定要用 getter 来获取 
public class objectSection : ConfigurationSection
{
    [ConfigurationProperty("stringData", IsRequired = true)]
    public string stringData
    {
        get { return this["stringData"].ToString(); } 
    }

    [ConfigurationProperty("intData", IsRequired = true)]
    public int intData
    {
        get { return Convert.ToInt32(this["intData"]); } //这里可以做类型强转等等
    }
}

嵌套 object

<configuration>
  <configSections>   
    <section name="objectASection" type="Project.Config.objectASection" /> 
  </configSections>
  <objectASection>
    <objectBSection
        stringData="value"
        intData="50"
    />
  </objectASection>
</configuration>


public class objectASection : ConfigurationSection
{
    [ConfigurationProperty("objectBSection", IsRequired = true)]
    public objectBSection objectBSection
    {
        get { return (objectBSection)this["objectBSection"]; }
    }
}
public class objectBSection : ConfigurationElement //子层继承 Element
{
    [ConfigurationProperty("stringData", IsRequired = true)]
    public string stringData
    {
        get { return this["stringData"].ToString(); } //这里可以做类型强转等等
    }

    [ConfigurationProperty("intData", IsRequired = true)]
    public int intData
    {
        get { return Convert.ToInt32(this["intData"]); } //这里可以做类型强转等等
    }
}  

嵌套 array + object + property 综合版

<configuration>
  <configSections> 
    <section name="objectASection" type="Project.Config.objectASection" /> 
  </configSections> 
  <objectASection stringData="value">
    <objectBSection
        stringData="value"
        intData="50"
    />
    <objectCs> 
      <objectC Id="1" stringData="x" />
      <objectC Id="2" stringData="y" />
      <objectC Id="3" stringData="z" />
    </objectCs>
  </objectASection>
</configuration>



public class objectASection : ConfigurationSection
{
    //normal value
    [ConfigurationProperty("stringData", IsRequired = true)]
    public string stringData
    {
        get { return this["stringData"].ToString(); } //这里可以做类型强转等等
    }

    //object value
    [ConfigurationProperty("objectBSection", IsRequired = true)]
    public objectBSection objectBSection
    {
        get { return (objectBSection)this["objectBSection"]; }
    }

    //array value
    [ConfigurationProperty("objectCs", IsRequired = true)]
    public objectCs objectCs
    {
        get { return (objectCs)this["objectCs"]; }
    }
}

[ConfigurationCollection(typeof(objectC), AddItemName = "objectC", CollectionType = ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap)]
public class objectCs : ConfigurationElementCollection
{
    protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
    {
        return new objectC();
    }

    protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
    {
        if (element == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("element");
        return ((objectC)element).Id;
    } 
}

public class objectC : ConfigurationElement
{
    [ConfigurationProperty("Id", IsRequired = true, IsKey = true)]
    public int Id
    {
        get { return Convert.ToInt32(this["Id"]); }  
    }

    [ConfigurationProperty("stringData", IsRequired = true)]
    public string stringData
    {
        get { return this["stringData"].ToString(); } 
    }
}
    
public class objectBSection : ConfigurationElement //子层继承 Element
{
    [ConfigurationProperty("stringData", IsRequired = true)]
    public string stringData
    {
        get { return this["stringData"].ToString(); } //这里可以做类型强转等等
    }

    [ConfigurationProperty("intData", IsRequired = true)]
    public int intData
    {
        get { return Convert.ToInt32(this["intData"]); } //这里可以做类型强转等等
    }
}  



objectASection objectASection = (objectASection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("objectASection");
string stringData = objectASection.stringData; 
stringData = objectASection.objectBSection.stringData; //value
int intData = objectASection.objectBSection.intData; //50
List<objectC> objectCs =  objectASection.objectCs.Cast<objectC>().ToList();
foreach (objectC objectC in objectCs)
{
    int Id = objectC.Id;
    stringData = objectC.stringData;
}

还有一种就是类似 appSettings 那样本身就直接是 array 的情况 

<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="BusinessConfig" type="Project.Config.KeyValueConfig" /> <!--可以用同一个class-->
    <section name="AbcConfig" type="Project.Config.KeyValueConfig" />
  </configSections>

  <BusinessConfig>
    <add key="aa" value="11111"></add>
    <add key="bb" value="22222"></add> 
  </BusinessConfig>
  <AbcConfig>
    <add key="ha" value="a"></add>
    <add key="ta" value="b"></add> 
  </AbcConfig>
</configuration>

namespace Project.Config
{     
    public class KeyValueConfig : ConfigurationSection  
    {
        private static readonly ConfigurationProperty s_property = new ConfigurationProperty(string.Empty, typeof(MyKeyValueCollection), null, ConfigurationPropertyOptions.IsDefaultCollection);
        [ConfigurationProperty("", Options = ConfigurationPropertyOptions.IsDefaultCollection)]
        public MyKeyValueCollection KeyValues
        {
            get { return (MyKeyValueCollection)base[s_property]; }
        }
         
    }    
    [ConfigurationCollection(typeof(MyKeyValueSetting))]
    public class MyKeyValueCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection         
    {
        public MyKeyValueCollection() : base(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase) { }
        new public MyKeyValueSetting this[string name]
        {
            get { return (MyKeyValueSetting)base.BaseGet(name); }
        }
      
        protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
        {
            return new MyKeyValueSetting();
        }
        protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
        {
            return ((MyKeyValueSetting)element).Key;
        } 
    }
    public class MyKeyValueSetting : ConfigurationElement    
    {
        [ConfigurationProperty("key", IsRequired = true)]
        public string Key
        {
            get { return this["key"].ToString(); }
            set { this["key"] = value; }
        }

        [ConfigurationProperty("value", IsRequired = true)]
        public string Value
        {
            get { return this["value"].ToString(); }
            set { this["value"] = value; }
        }
    }  
}

KeyValueConfig mySection = (KeyValueConfig)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("BusinessConfig");
string data = string.Join("
",
                        (from kv in mySection.KeyValues.Cast<MyKeyValueSetting>()
                            let s = string.Format("{0}={1}", kv.Key, kv.Value)
                            select s).ToArray());