全局键盘钩子实现

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全局键盘钩子实现

#region 全局钩子实现方法1
//窗体变量
Hotkey hotkey;
int UHotkey;
#region 全局键盘
hotkey = new Hotkey(this.Handle);
hotkey.RegisterHotkey(System.Windows.Forms.Keys.F1, Hotkey.KeyFlags.MOD_CONTROL);
//定义快键(F1)
UHotkey = hotkey.RegisterHotkey(System.Windows.Forms.Keys.F1);
hotkey.OnHotkey += new HotkeyEventHandler(OnHotkey);
#endregion

//添加快键调用函数
public void OnHotkey(int HotkeyID)
{
   if (HotkeyID == UHotkey)
   {
       //do something
   }

}

#endregion

  public delegate void HotkeyEventHandler(int HotKeyID);

    public class Hotkey : System.Windows.Forms.IMessageFilter
    {
        public System.Collections.Hashtable keyIDs = new System.Collections.Hashtable();
        IntPtr hWnd;

        public event HotkeyEventHandler OnHotkey;

        public enum KeyFlags
        {
            MOD_ALT = 0x1,
            MOD_CONTROL = 0x2,
            MOD_SHIFT = 0x4,
            MOD_WIN = 0x8
        }
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern UInt32 RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, UInt32 id, UInt32 fsModifiers, UInt32 vk);

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern UInt32 UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, UInt32 id);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        public static extern UInt32 GlobalAddAtom(String lpString);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        public static extern UInt32 GlobalDeleteAtom(UInt32 nAtom);

        public Hotkey(IntPtr hWnd)
        {
            this.hWnd = hWnd;
            System.Windows.Forms.Application.AddMessageFilter(this);
        }

        public int RegisterHotkey(System.Windows.Forms.Keys Key, KeyFlags keyflags)
        {
            UInt32 hotkeyid = GlobalAddAtom(System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
            RegisterHotKey((IntPtr)hWnd, hotkeyid, (UInt32)keyflags, (UInt32)Key);
            keyIDs.Add(hotkeyid, hotkeyid);
            return (int)hotkeyid;
        }
        public int RegisterHotkey(System.Windows.Forms.Keys Key)
        {
            UInt32 hotkeyid = GlobalAddAtom(System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
            RegisterHotKey((IntPtr)hWnd, hotkeyid, (UInt32)0, (UInt32)Key);
            keyIDs.Add(hotkeyid, hotkeyid);
            return (int)hotkeyid;
        }
        public void UnregisterHotkeys()
        {
            System.Windows.Forms.Application.RemoveMessageFilter(this);
            foreach (UInt32 key in keyIDs.Values)
            {
                UnregisterHotKey(hWnd, key);
                GlobalDeleteAtom(key);
            }
        }

        public bool PreFilterMessage(ref System.Windows.Forms.Message m)
        {
            if (m.Msg == 0x312)
            {
                if (OnHotkey != null)
                {
                    foreach (UInt32 key in keyIDs.Values)
                    {
                        if ((UInt32)m.WParam == key)
                        {
                            OnHotkey((int)m.WParam);
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

    }

#region 方法二

     public class KeyboardHook

    {

        public event KeyEventHandler KeyDownEvent;
        public event KeyPressEventHandler KeyPressEvent;
        public event KeyEventHandler KeyUpEvent;

        public delegate int HookProc(int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam);
        static int hKeyboardHook = 0; //声明键盘钩子处理的初始值。
        //值在Microsoft SDK的Winuser.h里查询
        public const int WH_KEYBOARD_LL = 13;
        //线程键盘钩子监听鼠标消息设为2，全局键盘监听鼠标消息设为13。
        HookProc KeyboardHookProcedure; //声明KeyboardHookProcedure作为HookProc类型。
        //键盘结构
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public class KeyboardHookStruct
        {
            public int vkCode;    //定一个虚拟键码。该代码必须有一个价值的范围1至254 。
            public int scanCode; // 指定的硬件扫描码的关键。
            public int flags;  // 键标志
            public int time; // 指定的时间戳记的这个讯息。
            public int dwExtraInfo; // 指定额外信息相关的信息。
        }

        //使用此功能，安装了一个钩子。
        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto,CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
        public static extern int SetWindowsHookEx(int idHook, HookProc lpfn,IntPtr hInstance, int threadId);
        //调用此函数卸载钩子。
        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
        public static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(int idHook);
        //使用此功能，通过信息钩子继续下一个钩子
        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto,CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
        public static extern int CallNextHookEx(int idHook, int nCode,Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam);
        // 取得当前线程编号（线程钩子需要用到）
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        static extern int GetCurrentThreadId();
        public void Start()
        {
            // 安装键盘钩子
            if (hKeyboardHook == 0)
            {
                KeyboardHookProcedure = new HookProc(KeyboardHookProc);
                hKeyboardHook = SetWindowsHookEx(WH_KEYBOARD_LL, KeyboardHookProcedure, Marshal.GetHINSTANCE(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetModules()[0]), 0);


                //如果SetWindowsHookEx失败。
                if (hKeyboardHook == 0)
                {
                    Stop();
                    throw new Exception("安装键盘钩子失败");
                }
            }
        }

        public void Stop()
        {
            bool retKeyboard = true;

            if (hKeyboardHook != 0)
            {
                retKeyboard = UnhookWindowsHookEx(hKeyboardHook);
                hKeyboardHook = 0;
            }

            if (!(retKeyboard)) throw new Exception("卸载钩子失败！");
        }

        //ToAscii职能的转换指定的虚拟键码和键盘状态的相应字符或字符。
        [DllImport("user32")]
        public static extern int ToAscii(int uVirtKey, //[in] 指定虚拟关键代码进行翻译。
                                         int uScanCode, // [in] 指定的硬件扫描码的关键须翻译成英文。高阶位的这个值设定的关键，如果是（不压）。
                                         byte[] lpbKeyState, // [in] 指针，以256字节数组，包含当前键盘的状态。每个元素（字节）的数组包含状态的一个关键。如果高阶位的字节是一套，关键是下跌（按下）。在低比特，如果设置表明，关键是对切换。在此功能，只有肘位的CAPS LOCK键是相关的。在切换状态的NUM个锁和滚动锁定键被忽略。
                                         byte[] lpwTransKey, // [out] 指针的缓冲区收到翻译字符或字符。
                                         int fuState); // [in] Specifies whether a menu is active. This parameter must be 1 if a menu is active, or 0 otherwise.

        //获取按键的状态
        [DllImport("user32")]
        public static extern int GetKeyboardState(byte[] pbKeyState);

        private const int WM_KEYDOWN = 0x100;//KEYDOWN
        private const int WM_KEYUP = 0x101;//KEYUP
        private const int WM_SYSKEYDOWN = 0x104;//SYSKEYDOWN
        private const int WM_SYSKEYUP = 0x105;//SYSKEYUP

        private int KeyboardHookProc(int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam)
        {
            // 侦听键盘事件
            if ((nCode >= 0) && (KeyDownEvent != null || KeyUpEvent != null || KeyPressEvent != null))
            {
                KeyboardHookStruct MyKeyboardHookStruct = (KeyboardHookStruct)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(KeyboardHookStruct));
                // raise KeyDown
                if (KeyDownEvent != null && (wParam == WM_KEYDOWN || wParam == WM_SYSKEYDOWN))
                {
                    Keys keyData = (Keys)MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode;
                    KeyEventArgs e = new KeyEventArgs(keyData);
                    KeyDownEvent(this, e);
                }

                //键盘按下
                if (KeyPressEvent != null && wParam == WM_KEYDOWN)
                {
                    byte[] keyState = new byte[256];
                    GetKeyboardState(keyState);

                    byte[] inBuffer = new byte[2];
                    if (ToAscii(MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode,
                                MyKeyboardHookStruct.scanCode,
                                keyState,
                                inBuffer,
                                MyKeyboardHookStruct.flags) == 1)
                    {
                        KeyPressEventArgs e = new KeyPressEventArgs((char)inBuffer[0]);
                        KeyPressEvent(this, e);
                    }
                }

                // 键盘抬起
                if (KeyUpEvent != null && (wParam == WM_KEYUP || wParam == WM_SYSKEYUP))
                {
                    Keys keyData = (Keys)MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode;
                    KeyEventArgs e = new KeyEventArgs(keyData);
                    KeyUpEvent(this, e);
                }

            }

            //如果返回1，则结束消息，这个消息到此为止，不再传递。
            //如果返回0或调用CallNextHookEx函数则消息出了这个钩子继续往下传递，也就是传给消息真正的接受者
            return CallNextHookEx(hKeyboardHook, nCode, wParam, lParam);
        }

        ~KeyboardHook()
        {
            Stop();
        }

    }
#endregion

//************************************

//键盘线程钩子

//SetWindowsHookEx( 2,KeyboardHookProcedure, IntPtr.Zero, GetCurrentThreadId());//指定要监听的线程idGetCurrentThreadId(),

//键盘全局钩子,需要引用空间(using System.Reflection;)

//SetWindowsHookEx( 13,MouseHookProcedure,Marshal.GetHINSTANCE(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetModules()[0]),0);

//

//关于SetWindowsHookEx (int idHook, HookProc lpfn, IntPtr hInstance, int threadId)函数将钩子加入到钩子链表中，说明一下四个参数：

//idHook 钩子类型，即确定钩子监听何种消息，上面的代码中设为2，即监听键盘消息并且是线程钩子，如果是全局钩子监听键盘消息应设为13，

//线程钩子监听鼠标消息设为7，全局钩子监听鼠标消息设为14。lpfn 钩子子程的地址指针。如果dwThreadId参数为0 或是一个由别的进程创建的

//线程的标识，lpfn必须指向DLL中的钩子子程。除此以外，lpfn可以指向当前进程的一段钩子子程代码。钩子函数的入口地址，当钩子钩到任何

//消息后便调用这个函数。hInstance应用程序实例的句柄。标识包含lpfn所指的子程的DLL。如果threadId 标识当前进程创建的一个线程，而且子

//程代码位于当前进程，hInstance必须为NULL。可以很简单的设定其为本应用程序的实例句柄。threaded 与安装的钩子子程相关联的线程的标识符。

//如果为0，钩子子程与所有的线程关联，即为全局钩子。

//************************************

//使用方法

//声明窗体级变量

private KeyboardHook k_hook;

//安装钩子

k_hook = new KeyboardHook();

k_hook.KeyDownEvent += new KeyEventHandler(hook_KeyDown);

k_hook.Start();

private void hook_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)

{

//do something

}

2者不同的地方是是在非模式窗口下方法一无法捕捉到按键消息

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/keepsilence/p/2688288.html