一个Hibernate程序的配置过程

第一步：准备hibernate.cfg.xml文件(也可以找到log4j.properties，它与Hibernate配置文件在同一个目录中)，可以在源码中找个模板(路径为：hibernate-3.2.0.ga\hibernate-3.2\doc\tutorial\src\..)

第二步：准备表对象和映射文件(也就是类和相应的*.hbm.xml文件，在同一个包下)，源代码中的模板路径为：\hibernate-3.2.0.ga\hibernate-3.2\doc\tutorial\src\events\..

第三步：准备程序入口即main函数，并导入需要用到的包，下面是一个精简的列表(只需要11个包)：

 antlr.jar

 asm.jar

 cglib-2.1.3.jar

 commons-collections-2.1.1.jar

 commons-logging-1.0.4.jar

 dom4j-1.6.1.jar

 hibernate3.jar

 jta.jar

 junit-3.8.1.jar

 log4j-1.2.14.jar

 ojdbc14.jar

下面是一个例子的源代码：

 1，配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml

  1 <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
 3         "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
 4         "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
 5 
 6 <hibernate-configuration>
 7 
 8     <session-factory>
 9 
10         <!-- Database connection settings -->
11         <property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
12         <property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl</property>
13         <property name="connection.username">scott</property>
14         <property name="connection.password">tiger</property>
15 
16         <!-- SQL dialect -->
17         <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect</property>
18 
19         <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
20         <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
21 
22         <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
23         <property name="show_sql">true</property>
24 
25         <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
26         <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
27 
28         <mapping resource="com/klein/Animal.hbm.xml"/>
29 
30     </session-factory>
31 
32 </hibernate-configuration>

  log4j.properties

 1 ### direct log messages to stdout ###
 2 log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
 3 log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
 4 log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
 5 log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
 6 
 7 ### direct messages to file hibernate.log ###
 8 #log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
 9 #log4j.appender.file.File=hibernate.log
10 #log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
11 #log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
12 
13 ### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
14 
15 log4j.rootLogger=warn, stdout
16 
17 log4j.logger.org.hibernate=info
18 #log4j.logger.org.hibernate=debug
19 
20 ### log HQL query parser activity
21 #log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql.ast.AST=debug
22 
23 ### log just the SQL
24 #log4j.logger.org.hibernate.SQL=debug
25 
26 ### log JDBC bind parameters ###
27 log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=info
28 #log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=debug
29 
30 ### log schema export/update ###
31 log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug
32 
33 ### log HQL parse trees
34 #log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql=debug
35 
36 ### log cache activity ###
37 #log4j.logger.org.hibernate.cache=debug
38 
39 ### log transaction activity
40 #log4j.logger.org.hibernate.transaction=debug
41 
42 ### log JDBC resource acquisition
43 #log4j.logger.org.hibernate.jdbc=debug
44 
45 ### enable the following line if you want to track down connection ###
46 ### leakages when using DriverManagerConnectionProvider ###
47 #log4j.logger.org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider=trace
48 

 2, 映射文件Animal.hbm.xml

  1 <?xml version="1.0"?>

 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
 3         "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
 4         "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 5 
 6 <hibernate-mapping>
 7     <class name="com.klein.Animal" table="t_animal">
 8         <id name="id">
 9             <generator class="native"/>
10         </id>
11         <property name="name"/>
12     </class>
13 </hibernate-mapping>

 表对象Animal

  1 package com.klein;

 2 
 3 public class Animal {
 4     private int id;
 5 
 6     private String name;
 7 
 8     public int getId() {
 9         return id;
10     }
11 
12     public void setId(int id) {
13         this.id = id;
14     }
15 
16     public String getName() {
17         return name;
18     }
19 
20     public void setName(String name) {
21         this.name = name;
22     }

 3, 程序入口

 1 package com.klein;
 2 
 3 import org.hibernate.Session;
 4 import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
 5 import org.hibernate.Transaction;
 6 import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
 7 public class Client {
 8     
 9     public static void main(String[] args) {
10         
11         Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
12         SessionFactory factory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
13         Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
14         
15         Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
16         
17         Animal animal = new Animal();
18         animal.setName("Tiger");
19         session.save(animal);
20         
21         transaction.commit();
22     }
23 }