ORACLE数据库对比表结构

有时候会有某种需求：需要对比两个表的表结构是否一致，有时候甚至是整个数据库所有表的表结构对比......。表结构对比无非就是字段名、字段类型、字段数据类型、以及字段的顺序的对比。如果需要对比表结构，可以通过下面简单的脚本实现：

SELECT M.OWNER
      ,M.TABLE_NAME
      ,M.COLUMN_ID
      ,M.COLUMN_NAME
      ,M.DATA_TYPE
      ,M.DATA_LENGTH
      ,N.OWNER
      ,N.TABLE_NAME
      ,N.COLUMN_ID
      ,N.COLUMN_NAME
      ,N.DATA_TYPE
      ,N.DATA_LENGTH
FROM
(
SELECT OWNER
      ,TABLE_NAME
      ,COLUMN_ID
      ,COLUMN_NAME
      ,DATA_TYPE
      ,DATA_LENGTH
FROM DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
WHERE OWNER=&OWNER_A
  AND TABLE_NAME=&TABLE_NAME_A
) M LEFT JOIN
(
SELECT OWNER
      ,TABLE_NAME
      ,COLUMN_ID
      ,COLUMN_NAME
      ,DATA_TYPE
      ,DATA_LENGTH
FROM DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
WHERE OWNER=&OWNER_B
  AND TABLE_NAME=&TABLE_NAME_B
) N ON  M.COLUMN_ID =N.COLUMN_ID
    AND M.COLUMN_NAME = N.COLUMN_NAME
    AND M.DATA_TYPE = N.DATA_TYPE
    AND M.DATA_LENGTH= N.DATA_LENGTH
ORDER BY M.TABLE_NAME, M.COLUMN_ID;

但是如果A表与B表前面的字段一致，然而B表有一些额外的字段，那么上面的SQL（左连接）就会查不出两者之间结构的不同。此时需要使用右连接才能对比出真正的表结构。所以如果需要对比两者的表结构是否一致，最好左连接查一次，右连接查一次。才能真正的确认两者的表结构的异同。

SELECT M.OWNER
      ,M.TABLE_NAME
      ,M.COLUMN_ID
      ,M.COLUMN_NAME
      ,M.DATA_TYPE
      ,M.DATA_LENGTH
      ,N.OWNER
      ,N.TABLE_NAME
      ,N.COLUMN_ID
      ,N.COLUMN_NAME
      ,N.DATA_TYPE
      ,N.DATA_LENGTH
FROM
(
SELECT OWNER
      ,TABLE_NAME
      ,COLUMN_ID
      ,COLUMN_NAME
      ,DATA_TYPE
      ,DATA_LENGTH
FROM DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
WHERE OWNER=&OWNER_A
  AND TABLE_NAME=&TABLE_NAME_A
) M RIGHT JOIN
(
SELECT OWNER
      ,TABLE_NAME
      ,COLUMN_ID
      ,COLUMN_NAME
      ,DATA_TYPE
      ,DATA_LENGTH
FROM DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
WHERE OWNER=&OWNER_B
  AND TABLE_NAME=&TABLE_NAME_B
) N ON  M.COLUMN_ID =N.COLUMN_ID
    AND M.COLUMN_NAME = N.COLUMN_NAME
    AND M.DATA_TYPE = N.DATA_TYPE
    AND M.DATA_LENGTH= N.DATA_LENGTH
ORDER BY M.TABLE_NAME, M.COLUMN_ID;