SQL SERVER如何通过SQL语句获服务器硬件和系统信息

    在SQL SERVER中如何通过SQL语句获取服务器硬件和系统信息呢？下面介绍一下如何通过SQL语句获取处理器(CPU)、内存（Memory）、磁盘（Disk）以及操作系统相关信息。如有不足和遗漏，敬请补充。谢谢！

一：查看数据库服务器CPU的信息

---SQL 1:获取数据库服务器的CPU型号

EXEC xp_instance_regread
    'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE',
    'HARDWAREDESCRIPTIONSystemCentralProcessor',
    'ProcessorNameString';

---SQL 2:获取数据库服务器CPU核数等信息(只适用于SQL 2005以及以上版本数据库)

/*************************************************************************************
--cpu_count                :指定系统中的逻辑 CPU 数
--hyperthread_ratio        :指定一个物理处理器包公开的逻辑内核数与物理内核数的比.虚拟机
--                         中可以表示每个虚拟插槽的核数。虚拟中[Physical CPU Count]其实
--                         表示虚拟插槽数
*************************************************************************************/
SELECT s.cpu_count                        AS [Loggic CPU Count]
      ,s.hyperthread_ratio                AS [Hyperthread Ratio]
      ,s.cpu_count/s.hyperthread_ratio  AS [Physical CPU Count]
FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info s OPTION (RECOMPILE);

---SQL 3:获取数据库服务器CPU核数(适用于所有版本)

CREATE TABLE #TempTable
    (
      [Index] VARCHAR(2000) ,
      [Name] VARCHAR(2000) ,
      [Internal_Value] VARCHAR(2000) ,
      [Character_Value] VARCHAR(2000)
    );
INSERT  INTO #TempTable
        EXEC xp_msver;
SELECT  Internal_Value AS VirtualCPUCount
FROM    #TempTable
WHERE   Name = 'ProcessorCount';
DROP TABLE #TempTable;
GO

---SQL 4：在老外博客中看到一个计算CPU相关信息的SQL，不过虚拟机计算有点小问题，我修改了一下。

DECLARE @xp_msver TABLE (
    [idx] [int] NULL
    ,[c_name] [varchar](100) NULL
    ,[int_val] [float] NULL
    ,[c_val] [varchar](128) NULL
    )

INSERT INTO @xp_msver
EXEC ('[master]..[xp_msver]');;

WITH [ProcessorInfo]
AS (
    SELECT ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) AS [number_of_physical_cpus]
        ,CASE
            WHEN hyperthread_ratio = cpu_count
                THEN cpu_count
            ELSE (([cpu_count] - [hyperthread_ratio]) / ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]))
            END AS [number_of_cores_per_cpu]
        ,CASE
            WHEN hyperthread_ratio = cpu_count
                THEN cpu_count
            ELSE ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) * (([cpu_count] - [hyperthread_ratio]) / ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]))
            END AS [total_number_of_cores]
        ,[cpu_count] AS [number_of_virtual_cpus]
        ,(
            SELECT [c_val]
            FROM @xp_msver
            WHERE [c_name] = 'Platform'
            ) AS [cpu_category]
    FROM [sys].[dm_os_sys_info]
    )
SELECT [number_of_physical_cpus]
    ,[number_of_cores_per_cpu]
    ,[total_number_of_cores]
    ,[number_of_virtual_cpus]
    ,LTRIM(RIGHT([cpu_category], CHARINDEX('x', [cpu_category]) - 1)) AS [cpu_category]
FROM [ProcessorInfo]

---查看虚拟机CPU信息

DECLARE @xp_msver TABLE (
    [idx] [int] NULL
    ,[c_name] [varchar](100) NULL
    ,[int_val] [float] NULL
    ,[c_val] [varchar](128) NULL
    )

INSERT INTO @xp_msver
EXEC ('[master]..[xp_msver]');;

WITH [ProcessorInfo]
AS (
    SELECT ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) AS [number_of_physical_cpus]
        ,[hyperthread_ratio] AS [number_of_cores_per_cpu]
        ,[cpu_count] AS [total_number_of_cores]
        ,[cpu_count] AS [number_of_virtual_cpus]
        ,(
            SELECT [c_val]
            FROM @xp_msver
            WHERE [c_name] = 'Platform'
            ) AS [cpu_category]
    FROM [sys].[dm_os_sys_info]
    )
SELECT [number_of_physical_cpus]
    ,[number_of_cores_per_cpu]
    ,[total_number_of_cores]
    ,[number_of_virtual_cpus]
    ,LTRIM(RIGHT([cpu_category], CHARINDEX('x', [cpu_category]) - 1)) AS [cpu_category]
FROM [ProcessorInfo]

 

二：查看数据库服务器内存的信息

    能否通过SQL语句获取服务器的物理内存大小？内存条型号？虚拟内存大小？内存使用情况？ 目前我所知道的只能通过SQL语句获取服务器物理内存大小，内存的使用情况。 至于内存条型号，系统虚拟内存大小，暂时好像还无法通过SQL语句获取。

查看服务器的物理内存情况

    如下所示，从sys.dm_os_sys_info里面获取的physical_memory_in_bytes 或physical_memory_kb 的值总是低于实际物理内存。暂时不清楚具体原因（还未查到相关资料），所以计算大小有出入，要获取实际的物理内存，就必须借助CEILING函数。

--SQL 1：获取数据库服务器物理内存数(适用于所有版本)

CREATE TABLE #TempTable
    (
      [Index] VARCHAR(2000) ,
      [Name] VARCHAR(2000) ,
      [Internal_Value] VARCHAR(2000) ,
      [Character_Value] VARCHAR(2000)
    );
INSERT  INTO #TempTable
        EXEC xp_msver;
SELECT  Internal_Value/1024 AS PhysicalMemory
FROM    #TempTable
WHERE   Name = 'PhysicalMemory';
DROP TABLE #TempTable;
GO

---SQL 2：适用于SQL Server 2005、SQL Server 2008

SELECT CEILING(physical_memory_in_bytes*1.0/1024/1024/1024)    AS [Physical Memory Size]
FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info  OPTION (RECOMPILE)


SELECT physical_memory_in_bytes*1.0/1024/1024/1024
   ,   physical_memory_in_bytes AS [Physical Memory Size]
FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info  OPTION (RECOMPILE)

---SQL 3：适用于SQL Server 2012 到 SQL Server 2014

SELECT CEILING(physical_memory_kb*1.0/1024/1024) AS [Physical Memory Size]
FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info  OPTION (RECOMPILE);

 
---SQL 4：适用于SQL Server 2008以及以上的版本:查看物理内存大小，已经使用的物理内存以及还剩下的物理内存。

SELECT  CEILING(total_physical_memory_kb * 1.0 / 1024 / 1024)    AS [Physical Memory Size]
       ,CAST(available_physical_memory_kb * 1.0 / 1024 / 1024
                                              AS DECIMAL(8, 4)) AS [Unused Physical Memory]
       ,CAST(( total_physical_memory_kb - available_physical_memory_kb ) * 1.0
        / 1024 / 1024 AS DECIMAL(8, 4))                            AS [Used Physical Memory]
       ,CAST(system_cache_kb*1.0 / 1024/1024 AS DECIMAL(8, 4))  AS [System Cache Size]
FROM    sys.dm_os_sys_memory

 

三：查看数据库服务器硬盘的信息

如下所示，我们可以通过下面脚本获取服务器的各个磁盘的使用情况。但是无法获取磁盘的型号、转速之类的信息。

SET NOCOUNT ON


DECLARE @Result     INT;
DECLARE @objectInfo     INT;
DECLARE @DriveInfo     CHAR(1);
DECLARE @TotalSize     VARCHAR(20);
DECLARE @OutDrive     INT;
DECLARE @UnitMB     BIGINT;
DECLARE @FreeRat     FLOAT;

SET @UnitMB = 1048576;




--创建临时表保存服务器磁盘容量信息
CREATE TABLE #DiskCapacity
(
[DiskCD]     CHAR(1) ,
FreeSize     INT     ,
TotalSize     INT
);

INSERT #DiskCapacity([DiskCD], FreeSize )
EXEC master.dbo.xp_fixeddrives;

EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;

EXEC sp_configure 'Ole Automation Procedures', 1;
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;


EXEC @Result = master.sys.sp_OACreate 'Scripting.FileSystemObject',@objectInfo OUT;

DECLARE CR_DiskInfo CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD
FOR
SELECT  DiskCD FROM #DiskCapacity
ORDER by DiskCD


OPEN CR_DiskInfo;

FETCH NEXT FROM CR_DiskInfo INTO @DriveInfo

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN

EXEC @Result = sp_OAMethod @objectInfo,'GetDrive', @OutDrive OUT, @DriveInfo


EXEC @Result = sp_OAGetProperty @OutDrive,'TotalSize', @TotalSize OUT


UPDATE #DiskCapacity
SET TotalSize=@TotalSize/@UnitMB
WHERE DiskCD=@DriveInfo

FETCH NEXT FROM CR_DiskInfo INTO @DriveInfo

END

CLOSE CR_DiskInfo
DEALLOCATE CR_DiskInfo;

EXEC @Result=sp_OADestroy @objectInfo

EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;

EXEC sp_configure 'Ole Automation Procedures', 0;
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;

EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;



SELECT DiskCD     AS [Drive CD]     ,
   STR(TotalSize*1.0/1024,6,2)     AS [Total Size(GB)] ,
   STR((TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/1024,6,2)     AS [Used Space(GB)] ,
   STR(FreeSize*1.0/1024,6,2)     AS [Free Space(GB)] ,
   STR(( TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/(TotalSize)* 100.0,6,2)  AS [Used Rate(%)]    ,
   STR(( FreeSize * 1.0/ ( TotalSize  ) ) * 100.0,6,2)        AS [Free Rate(%)]
FROM #DiskCapacity;

DROP TABLE #DiskCapacity;

 

四：查看操作系统信息

  通过下面SQL语句，我们可以查看操作系统版本、补丁、语言等信息

--创建临时表保存语言版本信息
CREATE TABLE #Language
(
[LanguageDtl]            NVARCHAR(64) ,
[os_language_version]    INT
);



INSERT INTO #Language
SELECT 'English - United States'              ,1033 UNION ALL
SELECT 'English - United Kingdom'             ,2057 UNION ALL
SELECT 'Chinese - People''s Republic of China',2052 UNION ALL
SELECT 'Chinese - Singapore'                  ,4100 UNION ALL
SELECT 'Chinese - Taiwan'                     ,1028 UNION ALL
SELECT 'Chinese - Hong Kong SAR'              ,3076 UNION ALL
SELECT 'Chinese - Macao SAR'                  ,5124;


WITH SystemVersion(SystemInfo,ReleaseNo)
AS
(
SELECT  'Windows 10' ,
        '10.0*'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows Server 2016 Technical Preview' ,
        '10.0*'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows 8.1' ,
        '6.3*'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows Server 2012 R2' ,
        '6.3'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows 8' ,
        '6.2'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows Server 2012' ,
        '6.2'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows 7' ,
        '6.1'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows Server 2008 R2' ,
        '6.1'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows Server 2008' ,
        '6.0'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows Vista' ,
        '6.0'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows Server 2003 R2' ,
        '5.2'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows Server 2003' ,
        '5.2'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows XP 64-Bit Edition' ,
        '5.2'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows XP' ,
        '5.1'
UNION ALL
SELECT  'Windows 2000' ,
        '5.0'
)

SELECT s.SystemInfo
      ,w.windows_service_pack_level
      ,l.LanguageDtl
FROM sys.dm_os_windows_info w
INNER JOIN SystemVersion s ON w.windows_release=s.ReleaseNo
INNER JOIN #Language l ON l.os_language_version = w.os_language_version;


DROP TABLE #Language;

  注意：

  1：如上所示，临时表#Language的数据此处只列了几条常用的数据，如需全部数据，参考https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-CN/goglobal/bb964664.aspx自行补充。

  2：操作系统的版本信息的数据来源于https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-CN/library/ms724832(VS.85).aspx

有可能出现不同操作系统具有相同Version number值，例如Windows 7 和Windows Server 2008 R2的Version numberd都为6.1。导致下面查询结果出现多条记录（如下所示）。一般要酌情判断（如果生产服务器都为Windows服务器，可以剔除Windows XP、Windows 7这类数据）。

 

参考资料：

http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2012/02/04/sql-server-finding-count-of-logical-cpu-using-t-sql-script-identify-virtual-processors/

http://basitaalishan.com/2014/01/22/get-sql-server-physical-cores-physical-and-virtual-cpus-and-processor-type-information-using-t-sql-script/

http://mssqlwiki.com/2010/11/30/how-to-find-sql-server-and-system-cpu-usage-history/