Python中类的继承

类的继承特点:
    1. 如果类中不定义__init__,调用父类__init__
    2. 如果类继承父类也需要定义自己的__init__,就需要在当前类的__init__调用一下父类的__init__
    3. 如果调用父类__init__:
        super().__init__(参数)
        super(类名,对象).__init__(参数)
    4. 如果父类有eat(),子类也定义一个eat()方法,默认搜索的原则:先找当前类,再去找父类
        s.eat()
        override:重写(覆盖)父类方法
        父类提供的方法不能满足子类的需求,就需要在子类中定义一个同名的方法,即重写方法
    5. 子类的方法中也可以调用父类的方法: super().方法名(参数)

# 父类
class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age, occupation):
        self.__name = name
        self.__age = age
        self.__occupation = occupation

    def eat(self):
        print(self.__name + '正在吃饭...')

    def run(self):
        print(self.__name + '正在跑步...')

    @property
    def name(self):
        return self.__name

    @name.setter
    def name(self, name):
        self.__name = name

    @property
    def age(self):
        return self.__age

    @age.setter
    def age(self, age):
        self.__age = age

    @property
    def occupation(self):
        return self.__occupation

    @occupation.setter
    def occupation(self, occupation):
        self.__occupation = occupation


# 子类1
class Student(Person):
    # 在重写子类的init之前先要调用父类的init
    def __init__(self, name, age, occupation, clazz):
        print('-----------Student的init')
        # 调用父类的init
        super().__init__(name, age, occupation)  # 使用super() 调用父类对象
        self.__clazz = clazz

    def study(self, course):
        print('{}正在学习{}'.format(self.name, course))

    def __str__(self):
        return '姓名:{},年龄:{},身份:{},班级:{}'.format(self.name, self.age, self.occupation, self.__clazz)


# 子类2
class Employee(Person):
    def __init__(self, name, age, occupation, salary, manager):
        super().__init__(name, age, occupation)  #
        self.__salary = salary
        self.__manager = manager
        self.__occupation = occupation

    def __str__(self):
        return '姓名:{},年龄:{},身份:{},薪资:{},领导:{}'.format(self.name, self.age, self.__occupation, self.__salary,
                                                      self.__manager)


s = Student('张三', 18, '学生', '2019学习班')
print(s)
s.run()
s.study('python')
e = Employee('李四', 30, '职员', 8000, '总经理')
print(e)
e.eat()