Ubuntu 16.04上源码编译和安装pytorch教程，并编写C++ Demo CMakeLists.txt | tutorial to compile and use pytorch on ubuntu 16.04

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tutorial to compile and use pytorch on ubuntu 16.04

PyTorch for Python

install pytorch from anaconda

conda info --envs
conda activate py35

# newest version
# 1.1.0 pytorch/0.3.0 torchvision
conda install pytorch torchvision cudatoolkit=9.0 -c pytorch

# old version [NOT]
# 0.4.1 pytorch/0.2.1 torchvision
conda install pytorch=0.4.1 cuda90 -c pytorch

output

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  pytorch            pytorch/linux-64::pytorch-1.1.0-py3.5_cuda9.0.176_cudnn7.5.1_0
  torchvision        pytorch/linux-64::torchvision-0.3.0-py35_cu9.0.176_1

download from channel pytorch will cost much time!
下载pytorch/linux-64::pytorch-1.1.0-py3.5_cuda9.0.176_cudnn7.5.1_0速度非常慢！

install pytorch from tsinghua

add tsinghua pytorch channels

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/pytorch/
# for legacy win-64
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/peterjc123/
conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

使用anaconda官方pytorch源非常慢，用清华源代替。
see tsinghua anaconda

cat ～/.condarc

channels:
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/pytorch/
  - defaults

install pytorch from tsinghua

conda create --name torch python==3.7
conda activate torch

conda install -y pytorch torchvision
conda install -y scikit-learn scikit-image pandas matplotlib pillow opencv

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  pytorch            anaconda/cloud/pytorch/linux-64::pytorch-1.1.0-py3.5_cuda9.0.176_cudnn7.5.1_0
  torchvision        anaconda/cloud/pytorch/linux-64::torchvision-0.3.0-py35_cu9.0.176_1

test pytorch

import torch
print(torch.__version__)
'1.1.0'

or

python -c 'import torch; print(torch.cuda.is_available())'
True

pre-trained models

pre-trained model saved to /home/kezunlin/.cache/torch/checkpoints/

Downloading: "https://download.pytorch.org/models/shufflenetv2_x0.5-f707e7126e.pth" to /home/kezunlin/.cache/torch/checkpoints/shufflenetv2_x0.5-f707e7126e.pth

PyTorch for C++

download LibTorch

download from LibTorch

compile from source

compile pytorch

# method 1
git clone --recursive https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch
cd pytorch

# method 2, if you are updating an existing checkout
git clone https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch
cd pytorch 
git submodule sync
git submodule update --init --recursive

check tags

git tag -l 

v0.4.0
v0.4.1
v1.0.0
v1.0.1
v1.0rc0
v1.0rc1
v1.1.0

now compile

git checkout v1.1.0

# method 1: offical build will generate lots of errors
#python setup.py install 

# method 2: normal make
mkdir build && cd build && cmake-gui ..

with configs

BUILD_PYTHON OFF

be sure to use stable version 1.1.0 from here instead of latest version 20190724 (unstable version 1.2.0)
because error will occurs when load models.

• for 1.1.0:

  std::shared_ptr<torch::jit::script::Module> module = torch::jit::load("./model.pt");
  

• for latest 1.2.0

  torch::jit::script::Module module = torch::jit::load("./model.pt");
  

configure output

******** Summary ********
General:
  CMake version         : 3.5.1
  CMake command         : /usr/bin/cmake
  System                : Linux
  C++ compiler          : /usr/bin/c++
  C++ compiler id       : GNU
  C++ compiler version  : 5.4.0
  BLAS                  : MKL
  CXX flags             :  -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -fopenmp -O2 -fPIC -Wno-narrowing -Wall -Wextra -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-type-limits -Wno-array-bounds -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wno-sign-compare -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-result -Wno-strict-overflow -Wno-strict-aliasing -Wno-error=deprecated-declarations -Wno-error=pedantic -Wno-error=redundant-decls -Wno-error=old-style-cast -fdiagnostics-color=always -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-maybe-uninitialized -fno-math-errno -fno-trapping-math
  Build type            : Release
  Compile definitions   : ONNX_ML=1;ONNX_NAMESPACE=onnx_torch;USE_GCC_ATOMICS=1;HAVE_MMAP=1;_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64;HAVE_SHM_OPEN=1;HAVE_SHM_UNLINK=1;HAVE_MALLOC_USABLE_SIZE=1
  CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH     : 
  CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX  : /usr/local

  TORCH_VERSION         : 1.1.0
  CAFFE2_VERSION        : 1.1.0
  BUILD_CAFFE2_MOBILE   : ON
  BUILD_ATEN_ONLY       : OFF
  BUILD_BINARY          : OFF
  BUILD_CUSTOM_PROTOBUF : ON
    Link local protobuf : ON
  BUILD_DOCS            : OFF
  BUILD_PYTHON          : OFF
  BUILD_CAFFE2_OPS      : ON
  BUILD_SHARED_LIBS     : ON
  BUILD_TEST            : OFF
  INTERN_BUILD_MOBILE   : 
  USE_ASAN              : OFF
  USE_CUDA              : ON
    CUDA static link    : OFF
    USE_CUDNN           : ON
    CUDA version        : 9.2
    cuDNN version       : 7.1.4
    CUDA root directory : /usr/local/cuda
    CUDA library        : /usr/local/cuda/lib64/stubs/libcuda.so
    cudart library      : /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudart.so
    cublas library      : /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcublas.so
    cufft library       : /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcufft.so
    curand library      : /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcurand.so
    cuDNN library       : /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn.so
    nvrtc               : /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libnvrtc.so
    CUDA include path   : /usr/local/cuda/include
    NVCC executable     : /usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc
    CUDA host compiler  : /usr/bin/cc
    USE_TENSORRT        : OFF
  USE_ROCM              : OFF
  USE_EIGEN_FOR_BLAS    : ON
  USE_FBGEMM            : OFF
  USE_FFMPEG            : OFF
  USE_GFLAGS            : OFF
  USE_GLOG              : OFF
  USE_LEVELDB           : OFF
  USE_LITE_PROTO        : OFF
  USE_LMDB              : OFF
  USE_METAL             : OFF
  USE_MKL               : OFF
  USE_MKLDNN            : OFF
  USE_NCCL              : ON
    USE_SYSTEM_NCCL     : OFF
  USE_NNPACK            : ON
  USE_NUMPY             : ON
  USE_OBSERVERS         : ON
  USE_OPENCL            : OFF
  USE_OPENCV            : OFF
  USE_OPENMP            : ON
  USE_TBB               : OFF
  USE_PROF              : OFF
  USE_QNNPACK           : ON
  USE_REDIS             : OFF
  USE_ROCKSDB           : OFF
  USE_ZMQ               : OFF
  USE_DISTRIBUTED       : ON
    USE_MPI             : ON
    USE_GLOO            : ON
    USE_GLOO_IBVERBS    : OFF
  NAMEDTENSOR_ENABLED   : OFF
  Public Dependencies  : Threads::Threads
  Private Dependencies : qnnpack;nnpack;cpuinfo;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnuma.so;fp16;/usr/lib/openmpi/lib/libmpi_cxx.so;/usr/lib/openmpi/lib/libmpi.so;gloo;aten_op_header_gen;foxi_loader;rt;gcc_s;gcc;dl
Configuring done

install pytorch

now compile and install

make -j8
sudo make install

output

Install the project...
-- Install configuration: "Release"
-- Old export file "/usr/local/share/cmake/Caffe2/Caffe2Targets.cmake" will be replaced.  Removing files [/usr/local/share/cmake/Caffe2/Caffe2Targets-release.cmake].
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/bin/protoc" to "$ORIGIN"
-- Old export file "/usr/local/share/cmake/Gloo/GlooTargets.cmake" will be replaced.  Removing files [/usr/local/share/cmake/Gloo/GlooTargets-release.cmake].
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/lib/libonnxifi_dummy.so" to "$ORIGIN"
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/lib/libonnxifi.so" to "$ORIGIN"
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/lib/libfoxi_dummy.so" to "$ORIGIN"
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/lib/libfoxi.so" to "$ORIGIN"
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/lib/libc10.so" to "$ORIGIN"
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/lib/libc10_cuda.so" to "$ORIGIN:/usr/local/cuda/lib64"
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/lib/libthnvrtc.so" to "$ORIGIN:/usr/local/cuda/lib64/stubs:/usr/local/cuda/lib64"
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/lib/libtorch.so" to "$ORIGIN:/usr/local/cuda/lib64:/usr/lib/openmpi/lib"
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/lib/libcaffe2_detectron_ops_gpu.so" to "$ORIGIN:/usr/local/cuda/lib64"
-- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/lib/libcaffe2_observers.so" to "$ORIGIN:/usr/local/cuda/lib64"

pytorch 1.1.0
compile and install will cost more than 2 hours
lib install to /usr/local/lib/libtorch.so
cmake install to /usr/local/share/cmake/Torch

C++ example

load pytorch model in c++
see load pytorch model in c++

cpp

#include <torch/script.h> // One-stop header.

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>

int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
  if (argc != 2) {
    std::cerr << "usage: example-app <path-to-exported-script-module>
";
    return -1;
  }

  // Deserialize the ScriptModule from a file using torch::jit::load().
  std::shared_ptr<torch::jit::script::Module> module = torch::jit::load(argv[1]);

  assert(module != nullptr);
  std::cout << "ok
";
  
  // Create a vector of inputs.
std::vector<torch::jit::IValue> inputs;
inputs.push_back(torch::ones({1, 3, 224, 224}));

// Execute the model and turn its output into a tensor.
at::Tensor output = module->forward(inputs).toTensor();

std::cout << output.slice(/*dim=*/1, /*start=*/0, /*end=*/5) << '
';
}

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0 FATAL_ERROR)
project(custom_ops)

# /usr/local/share/cmake/Torch
find_package(Torch REQUIRED)
MESSAGE( [Main] " TORCH_INCLUDE_DIRS = ${TORCH_INCLUDE_DIRS}") 
MESSAGE( [Main] " TORCH_LIBRARIES = ${TORCH_LIBRARIES}")  
include_directories(${TORCH_INCLUDE_DIRS})

add_executable(example-app example-app.cpp)
target_link_libraries(example-app "${TORCH_LIBRARIES}")
set_property(TARGET example-app PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 11)

output

Found torch: /usr/local/lib/libtorch.so  
[Main] TORCH_INCLUDE_DIRS = /usr/local/include;/usr/local/include/torch/csrc/api/include
[Main] TORCH_LIBRARIES = torch;torch_library;/usr/local/lib/libc10.so;/usr/local/cuda/lib64/stubs/libcuda.so;/usr/local/cuda/lib64/libnvrtc.so;/usr/local/cuda/lib64/libnvToolsExt.so;/usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudart.so;/usr/local/lib/libc10_cuda.so
[TOLOWER] ALGORITHM_TARGET = algorithm

make

mkdir build 
cd build && cmake-gui ..
make -j8

set Torch_DIR to /home/kezunlin/program/libtorch/share/cmake/Torch
auto-set Torch_DIR to /usr/local/share/cmake/Torch

run

./example-app model.pt
-0.2698 -0.0381  0.4023 -0.3010 -0.0448

errors and solutions

compile errors with libtorch

• Build simple c++ example-cpp using Libtorch fails on arm with undefined reference to c10::Error::Error

@soumith
You might be building libtorch with a compiler that is incompatible with the compiler building your final app.
For example, you built libtorch with gcc 4.9.2 and your final app with gcc 5.1, and the C++ ABI between both of them is not the same, so you are seeing linker errors like these

• issues-linking-with-libtorch-c-11-abi

@christianperone

if ("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "GNU")
  set(TORCH_CXX_FLAGS "-D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=0")
endif()

Which forces GCC to use the old C++11 ABI.

@ smth
we have that flag set because we build with gcc 4.9.x, which only has the old ABI.
In GCC 5.1, the ABI for std::string was changed, and binaries compiling with gcc >= 5.1 are not ABI-compatible with binaries build with gcc < 5.1 (like pytorch) unless you set that flag.

resons and solutions

• Reasons: ** LibTorch compiled with GCC-4.9.X (only has the old ABI), and binaries compiling with gcc >= 5.1 are not ABI-compatible**

• Solution: compile pytorch from source instead of using LibTroch downloaded from the website.

runtime errors with pytorch

errors

/usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.1.0: undefined reference to `TIFFReadRGBAStrip@LIBTIFF_4.0'

which means opencv link against libtiff 4.0.6

ldd check

ldd /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.1.0
    linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffc92ffc000)
    libopencv_imgproc.so.3.1 => /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgproc.so.3.1 (0x00007f32afbca000)
    libjpeg.so.8 => /usr/local/lib/libjpeg.so.8 (0x00007f32af948000)
    libpng12.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng12.so.0 (0x00007f32af723000)
    libtiff.so.5 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so.5 (0x00007f32af4ae000)

when compile opencv-3.1.0, cmake find /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so.5

locate libtiff

locate libtiff.so

/home/kezunlin/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/libtiff.so
/home/kezunlin/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/libtiff.so.5
/home/kezunlin/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/libtiff.so.5.4.0
/home/kezunlin/anaconda3/lib/libtiff.so
/home/kezunlin/anaconda3/lib/libtiff.so.5
/home/kezunlin/anaconda3/lib/libtiff.so.5.4.0
/home/kezunlin/anaconda3/pkgs/libtiff-4.0.10-h2733197_2/lib/libtiff.so
/home/kezunlin/anaconda3/pkgs/libtiff-4.0.10-h2733197_2/lib/libtiff.so.5
/home/kezunlin/anaconda3/pkgs/libtiff-4.0.10-h2733197_2/lib/libtiff.so.5.4.0
/opt/MATLAB/R2016b/bin/glnxa64/libtiff.so.5
/opt/MATLAB/R2016b/bin/glnxa64/libtiff.so.5.0.5
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so.5
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so.5.2.4

It seems that my OpenCV was compiled against libtiff 4, but I have libtiff 5, how to solve this problem?

re-compile opencv-3.1.0 again, new errors occur
see here

CMake Error: The following variables are used in this project, but they are set to NOTFOUND.
Please set them or make sure they are set and tested correctly in the CMake files:
CUDA_nppi_LIBRARY (ADVANCED)
    linked by target "opencv_cudev" in directory /home/kezunlin/program/opencv-3.1.0/modules/cudev
    linked by target "opencv_cudev" in directory /home/kezunlin/program/opencv-3.1.0/modules/cudev
    linked by target "opencv_test_cudev" in directory /home/kezunlin/program/opencv-3.1.0/modules/cudev/test

solutions:

WITH_CUDA OFF
WITH_VTK OFF
WITH_TIFF OFF
BUILD_PERF_TESTS OFF 

for python2, use default /usr/bin/python2.7
for python3, NOT USE anaconda version
编译的过程中，尽量避免使用anaconda目录下的lib

install libwebp

sudo apt-get -y install libwebp-dev

Reference

• pytorch
• pytorch github
• deep_learning_60min_blitz
• pytorch-tutorial
• pytorch notebooks
• pytorch-beginner
• pytorch cppdocs

History

• 20190626: created.

Copyright

• Post author: kezunlin
• Post link: https://kezunlin.me/post/54e7a3d8/
• Copyright Notice: All articles in this blog are licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 unless stating additionally.