python实现批量修改服务器密码

需求：机房、线上有多台主机，为了保障安全，需要定期修改密码。若手动修改，费时费力易出错。

程序应该满足如下需求 ：

1、在现有的excel密码表格，在最后一个字段后面生成新的密码，另存为一个新的excel密码文件

2、根据新的excel密码文件，更新服务器密码，将更新后的结果保存到另外一个excel文件。

a、原始excel文件字段格式，最后一个字段为原始密码

IP USER PORT pwd

b、生成新的密码文件字段格式，最后一个字段为更新密码

IP USER PORT pwd pwd20180929

c、生成新的密码文件字段格式，最后一个字段为更新是否成功的标识

IP PORT USERNAME OLDPASS NEWPASS FLAG

按照面向对象编程的思想，可以设计2个类，excelhandler和ChangePassword
excelhandler主要负责excel文件的读取，写入，增加一个生成密码文件
ChangePassword主要利用paramiko登陆服务器进行密码更新

excelhandler类

#_*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
'''
@author liaogs
'''
import json
import xlrd
import xlwt
import time
import datetime
import base64
import random
from xlutils.copy import copy


class excelhandler():
    def __init__(self,path):
        self.path = path
        self.workbook = None
        self.rows = 0
        self.cols = 0
        self.serverlist = []

    def read_excel(self):
        self.workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(self.path)
        sh1 = self.workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
        self.rows = sh1.nrows
        self.cols = sh1.ncols
        for row in  range(1,sh1.nrows):
            server = []
            for col in [0,1,2,sh1.ncols-2,sh1.ncols-1]:
                server.append(sh1.cell(row,col).value)

            self.serverlist.append(server)

    def gen_new_password_excel(self):
        old_excel = xlrd.open_workbook(self.path)
        new_excel = copy(old_excel)
        ws = new_excel.get_sheet(0)
        coldt = "pass"+ str(datetime.date.today())
        ws.write(0,self.cols,coldt)
        for row in range(1,self.rows):
            ws.write(row,self.cols,self.gen_key())
        dt = time.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S",time.localtime())
        new_excel.save(dt+self.path)


    def write_excel(self,serverlist):
        wb = xlwt.Workbook()
        ws = wb.add_sheet(u'sheet1',cell_overwrite_ok=True)
        header = ["IP","PORT","USERNAME","OLDPASS","NEWPASS","FLAG"]
        for col in range(0,6):
            ws.write(0,col,header[col])
        for row in range(len(serverlist)):
            for col in range(0,6):
                ws.write(row+1,col,serverlist[row][col])
        dt = time.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S", time.localtime())
        wb.save(dt+".xlsx")

    def get_server_list(self):
        return self.serverlist

    def get_rows(self):
        return self.rows

    def get_cols(self):
        return self.cols

    def gen_key(self):
        pool = "1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzQWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM"
        length = len(pool)
        key = ""
        for i in range(28):
            c = random.randint(0,length)
            key += pool[c:c+1]
        return key

ChangePassword类

#_*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
'''
@author liaogs
'''
import paramiko
import sys

class ChangePassword():
    def __init__(self,hostip,port,username,oldpass,newpass):
        self.hostip = hostip
        self.port = port
        self.username = username
        self.oldpass = oldpass
        self.newpass = newpass
        self.updateflag = False

    def run_change(self):
        s = paramiko.SSHClient()
        s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
        tasklist = []
        try:
            s.connect(hostname=self.hostip, port=self.port, username=self.username, password=self.oldpass)
            print ('"%s" is updating password' % self.hostip)
            stdin, stdout, stderr = s.exec_command('echo %s |passwd --stdin root' % self.newpass)
            r_message = stdout.read()
            if "successfully" in r_message:
                self.updateflag = True
                print('%s is successful' %self.hostip)
            else:
                print('%s is failed' %self.hostip)
                self.updateflag = False
            s.close()
        except Exception:
            self.updateflag = False
            print("connection error")

        tasklist = [self.hostip, self.port, self.username, self.oldpass, self.newpass, self.updateflag]
        return tasklist

main

#_*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
'''
@author liaogs
'''
import re
import sys
from excelhandler import excelhandler
from changepassword import ChangePassword

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if len(sys.argv) == 1:
        eh = excelhandler("pass.xlsx")
    else:
        eh = excelhandler(sys.argv[1])
    eh.read_excel()

    def updatepassword():
        ret = eh.get_server_list()
        tasklist = []
        for i in range(len(ret)):
            print(ret[i][0],ret[i][2],ret[i][1],ret[i][3],ret[i][4])
            cp = ChangePassword(hostip=ret[i][0],port=int(ret[i][2]),username=ret[i][1],oldpass=ret[i][3],newpass=ret[i][4])
            task = cp.run_change()
            tasklist.append(task)

        print(tasklist)
        eh.write_excel(tasklist)

    while True:
        inp = input("1、生成密码 2、更新密码>>")
        if str(inp) == "1":
            eh.gen_new_password_excel()

        elif str(inp) == "2":
            updatepassword()

        elif inp == "exit":
            exit()
        else:
            continue

代码下载：https://github.com/liaogs/changepassword.git