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MySQL主从复制之传统复制与GTID模式之间切换

主从复制环境：

主库：192.168.0.100

从库：192.168.0.101

MySQL5.7.22

当前主从状态展示如下：

 1 root@db 06:32:  [(none)]> show slave statusG
 2 *************************** 1. row ***************************
 3                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
 4                   Master_Host: 192.168.0.100
 5                   Master_User: repluser
 6                   Master_Port: 3306
 7                 Connect_Retry: 60
 8               Master_Log_File: on.000001
 9           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1480
10                Relay_Log_File: node02-relay-bin.000002
11                 Relay_Log_Pos: 1098
12         Relay_Master_Log_File: on.000001
13              Slave_IO_Running: Yes
14             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
15               Replicate_Do_DB: 
16           Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
17            Replicate_Do_Table: 
18        Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
19       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
20   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
21                    Last_Errno: 0
22                    Last_Error: 
23                  Skip_Counter: 0
24           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1480
25               Relay_Log_Space: 1306
26               Until_Condition: None
27                Until_Log_File: 
28                 Until_Log_Pos: 0
29            Master_SSL_Allowed: No
30            Master_SSL_CA_File: 
31            Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
32               Master_SSL_Cert: 
33             Master_SSL_Cipher: 
34                Master_SSL_Key: 
35         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
36 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
37                 Last_IO_Errno: 0
38                 Last_IO_Error: 
39                Last_SQL_Errno: 0
40                Last_SQL_Error: 
41   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
42              Master_Server_Id: 3306100
43                   Master_UUID: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52
44              Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
45                     SQL_Delay: 0
46           SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
47       Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
48            Master_Retry_Count: 86400
49                   Master_Bind: 
50       Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
51      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
52                Master_SSL_Crl: 
53            Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
54            Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:96-98
55             Executed_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-98
56                 Auto_Position: 1
57          Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
58                  Channel_Name: 
59            Master_TLS_Version: 
60 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
61 
62 root@db 06:32:  [(none)]>

操作过程如下：

(1) 先在从库中执行 stop slave，停止主从复制，然后调整为传统复制模式，让master_auto_position=0

1 root@db 07:04: [test]> stop slave;
2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
3 
4 root@db 07:04: [test]>
5 
6 root@db 10:39: [test]> CHANGE MASTER TO master_auto_position=0,Master_Host='192.168.0.100',MASTER_USER='repluser',MASTER_PASSWORD='rep123',Master_Log_File='on.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=2280;
7 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
8 
9 root@db 10:42: [test]>

然后开启slave复制功能

 1 root@db 10:46:  [test]> start slave;
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 10:47:  [test]> show slave statusG
 5 *************************** 1. row ***************************
 6                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
 7                   Master_Host: 192.168.0.100
 8                   Master_User: repluser
 9                   Master_Port: 3306
10                 Connect_Retry: 60
11               Master_Log_File: on.000003
12           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 194
13                Relay_Log_File: node02-relay-bin.000006
14                 Relay_Log_Pos: 353
15         Relay_Master_Log_File: on.000003
16              Slave_IO_Running: Yes
17             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
18               Replicate_Do_DB: 
19           Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
20            Replicate_Do_Table: 
21        Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
22       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
23   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
24                    Last_Errno: 0
25                    Last_Error: 
26                  Skip_Counter: 0
27           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 194
28               Relay_Log_Space: 601
29               Until_Condition: None
30                Until_Log_File: 
31                 Until_Log_Pos: 0
32            Master_SSL_Allowed: No
33            Master_SSL_CA_File: 
34            Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
35               Master_SSL_Cert: 
36             Master_SSL_Cipher: 
37                Master_SSL_Key: 
38         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
39 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
40                 Last_IO_Errno: 0
41                 Last_IO_Error: 
42                Last_SQL_Errno: 0
43                Last_SQL_Error: 
44   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
45              Master_Server_Id: 3306100
46                   Master_UUID: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52
47              Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
48                     SQL_Delay: 0
49           SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
50       Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
51            Master_Retry_Count: 86400
52                   Master_Bind: 
53       Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
54      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
55                Master_SSL_Crl: 
56            Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
57            Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
58             Executed_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-101
59                 Auto_Position: 0
60          Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
61                  Channel_Name: 
62            Master_TLS_Version: 
63 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
64 
65 root@db 10:47:  [test]>

主从服务器上同时调整GTID模式为on_permissive

主服务器上：

1 root@db 10:45:  [test]> set global gtid_mode=on_permissive;
2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
3 
4 root@db 10:45:  [test]>

从服务器上：

1 root@db 10:42:  [test]> set global gtid_mode=on_permissive;
2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
3 
4 root@db 10:46:  [test]>

需要在主从服务器上关闭GTID功能

主服务器：

root@db 11:18:  [test]> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=off;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

root@db 11:18:  [test]> set global gtid_mode=off;
ERROR 1788 (HY000): The value of @@GLOBAL.GTID_MODE can only be changed one step at a time: OFF <-> OFF_PERMISSIVE <-> ON_PERMISSIVE <-> ON. Also note that this value must be stepped up or down simultaneously on all servers. See the Manual for instructions.
root@db 11:19:  [test]>

从服务器：

root@db 11:19:  [test]> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=off;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

root@db 11:21:  [test]> set global gtid_mode=off;
ERROR 1788 (HY000): The value of @@GLOBAL.GTID_MODE can only be changed one step at a time: OFF <-> OFF_PERMISSIVE <-> ON_PERMISSIVE <-> ON. Also note that this value must be stepped up or down simultaneously on all servers. See the Manual for instructions.
root@db 11:21:  [test]>

发现主从服务器执行set global gitd_mode=off时报错，因为我在前面说过gtid_mode的值有有四种状态（off、off_permissive、on_permissive,on），虽然四种状态支持动态修改，但是不能跳跃修改，即只能严格依次顺序修改，

测试切换是否成功，在主库中插入数据进行测试：

 1 root@db 11:24:  [test]> desc tt;
 2 +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
 3 | Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
 4 +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
 5 | id    | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
 6 | name  | varchar(20) | YES  | MUL | NULL    |                |
 7 | score | int(10)     | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
 8 +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
 9 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
10 
11 root@db 11:24:  [test]> insert into tt (name,score) values ('kids',99);
12 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
13 
14 root@db 11:25:  [test]> select * from tt;
15 +----+-------+-------+
16 | id | name  | score |
17 +----+-------+-------+
18 |  1 | Tome  |    80 |
19 |  2 | Janne |    90 |
20 |  3 | Kases |    84 |
21 |  4 | kids  |    99 |
22 +----+-------+-------+
23 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
24 
25 root@db 11:25:  [test]>

从库查看：

  1 root@db 11:17:  [test]> show slave statusG
  2 ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
  3 No connection. Trying to reconnect...
  4 Connection id:    14
  5 Current database: test
  6 
  7 *************************** 1. row ***************************
  8                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
  9                   Master_Host: 192.168.0.100
 10                   Master_User: repluser
 11                   Master_Port: 3306
 12                 Connect_Retry: 60
 13               Master_Log_File: on.000003
 14           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 194
 15                Relay_Log_File: node02-relay-bin.000006
 16                 Relay_Log_Pos: 353
 17         Relay_Master_Log_File: on.000003
 18              Slave_IO_Running: Yes
 19             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
 20               Replicate_Do_DB: 
 21           Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
 22            Replicate_Do_Table: 
 23        Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
 24       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
 25   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
 26                    Last_Errno: 0
 27                    Last_Error: 
 28                  Skip_Counter: 0
 29           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 194
 30               Relay_Log_Space: 601
 31               Until_Condition: None
 32                Until_Log_File: 
 33                 Until_Log_Pos: 0
 34            Master_SSL_Allowed: No
 35            Master_SSL_CA_File: 
 36            Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
 37               Master_SSL_Cert: 
 38             Master_SSL_Cipher: 
 39                Master_SSL_Key: 
 40         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
 41 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
 42                 Last_IO_Errno: 0
 43                 Last_IO_Error: 
 44                Last_SQL_Errno: 0
 45                Last_SQL_Error: 
 46   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
 47              Master_Server_Id: 3306100
 48                   Master_UUID: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52
 49              Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
 50                     SQL_Delay: 0
 51           SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
 52       Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
 53            Master_Retry_Count: 86400
 54                   Master_Bind: 
 55       Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
 56      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
 57                Master_SSL_Crl: 
 58            Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
 59            Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
 60             Executed_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-101
 61                 Auto_Position: 0
 62          Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
 63                  Channel_Name: 
 64            Master_TLS_Version: 
 65 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 66 
 67 root@db 11:17:  [test]> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=off;
 68 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 69 
 70 root@db 11:19:  [test]>
 71 
 72 root@db 11:25:  [test]> show slave statusG
 73 *************************** 1. row ***************************
 74                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
 75                   Master_Host: 192.168.0.100
 76                   Master_User: repluser
 77                   Master_Port: 3306
 78                 Connect_Retry: 60
 79               Master_Log_File: on.000003
 80           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 460
 81                Relay_Log_File: node02-relay-bin.000006
 82                 Relay_Log_Pos: 619
 83         Relay_Master_Log_File: on.000003
 84              Slave_IO_Running: Yes
 85             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
 86               Replicate_Do_DB: 
 87           Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
 88            Replicate_Do_Table: 
 89        Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
 90       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
 91   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
 92                    Last_Errno: 0
 93                    Last_Error: 
 94                  Skip_Counter: 0
 95           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 460
 96               Relay_Log_Space: 867
 97               Until_Condition: None
 98                Until_Log_File: 
 99                 Until_Log_Pos: 0
100            Master_SSL_Allowed: No
101            Master_SSL_CA_File: 
102            Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
103               Master_SSL_Cert: 
104             Master_SSL_Cipher: 
105                Master_SSL_Key: 
106         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
107 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
108                 Last_IO_Errno: 0
109                 Last_IO_Error: 
110                Last_SQL_Errno: 0
111                Last_SQL_Error: 
112   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
113              Master_Server_Id: 3306100
114                   Master_UUID: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52
115              Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
116                     SQL_Delay: 0
117           SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
118       Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
119            Master_Retry_Count: 86400
120                   Master_Bind: 
121       Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
122      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
123                Master_SSL_Crl: 
124            Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
125            Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:102
126             Executed_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-102
127                 Auto_Position: 0
128          Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
129                  Channel_Name: 
130            Master_TLS_Version: 
131 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
132 
133 root@db 11:25:  [test]>

发现插入前后Excuted_Gtid_Set发生变化，说明我们这里切换没有成功，接下来我们把参数严格按照顺序修改，再进行测试：

切换之前我们查看下主从gitd_mode参数值：

主服务器：gtid_mode值

1 root@db 11:45:  [(none)]> show variables like '%gtid_mode%';
2 +---------------+-------+
3 | Variable_name | Value |
4 +---------------+-------+
5 | gtid_mode     | ON    |
6 +---------------+-------+
7 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
8 
9 root@db 11:46:  [(none)]>

从服务器gitd_mode值：

1 root@db 11:44:  [(none)]> show variables like '%gtid_mode%';
2 +---------------+-------+
3 | Variable_name | Value |
4 +---------------+-------+
5 | gtid_mode     | ON    |
6 +---------------+-------+
7 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
8 
9 root@db 11:47:  [(none)]>

 1 root@db 11:47:  [(none)]> show slave statusG
 2 *************************** 1. row ***************************
 3                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
 4                   Master_Host: 192.168.0.100
 5                   Master_User: repluser
 6                   Master_Port: 3306
 7                 Connect_Retry: 60
 8               Master_Log_File: on.000012
 9           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 346
10                Relay_Log_File: node02-relay-bin.000024
11                 Relay_Log_Pos: 505
12         Relay_Master_Log_File: on.000012
13              Slave_IO_Running: Yes
14             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
15               Replicate_Do_DB: 
16           Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
17            Replicate_Do_Table: 
18        Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
19       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
20   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
21                    Last_Errno: 0
22                    Last_Error: 
23                  Skip_Counter: 0
24           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 346
25               Relay_Log_Space: 753
26               Until_Condition: None
27                Until_Log_File: 
28                 Until_Log_Pos: 0
29            Master_SSL_Allowed: No
30            Master_SSL_CA_File: 
31            Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
32               Master_SSL_Cert: 
33             Master_SSL_Cipher: 
34                Master_SSL_Key: 
35         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
36 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
37                 Last_IO_Errno: 0
38                 Last_IO_Error: 
39                Last_SQL_Errno: 0
40                Last_SQL_Error: 
41   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
42              Master_Server_Id: 3306100
43                   Master_UUID: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52
44              Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
45                     SQL_Delay: 0
46           SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
47       Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
48            Master_Retry_Count: 86400
49                   Master_Bind: 
50       Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
51      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
52                Master_SSL_Crl: 
53            Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
54            Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:103
55             Executed_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-103
56                 Auto_Position: 0
57          Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
58                  Channel_Name: 
59            Master_TLS_Version: 
60 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
61 
62 root@db 11:48:  [(none)]>

重复以前的步骤，先在从库上关闭slave，停止主从复制，然后修改复制模式为传统模式，master_auto_position=0

 1 root@db 11:48:  [(none)]> stop slave;
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 11:50:  [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO master_auto_position=0,Master_Host='192.168.0.100',MASTER_USER='repluser',MASTER_PASSWORD='rep123',Master_Log_File='on.000012',MASTER_LOG_POS=346; 
 5 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
 6 
 7 root@db 11:52:  [(none)]> start slave;
 8 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 9 
10 root@db 11:53:  [(none)]> set global gtid_mode=on_permissive;
11 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
12 
13 root@db 11:53:  [(none)]> set global gtid_mode=off_permissive;
14 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
15 
16 root@db 11:54:  [(none)]> set global gtid_mode=off;
17 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
18 
19 root@db 11:55:  [(none)]> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=off;
20 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
21 
22 root@db 11:55:  [(none)]>

root@db 11:58: [(none)]>

同样主库做如下操作：

 1 root@db 11:45:  [(none)]> show variables like '%gtid_mode%';
 2 +---------------+-------+
 3 | Variable_name | Value |
 4 +---------------+-------+
 5 | gtid_mode     | ON    |
 6 +---------------+-------+
 7 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 8 
 9 root@db 11:46:  [(none)]> set global gtid_mode=on_permissive;
10 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
11 
12 root@db 11:53:  [(none)]> set global gtid_mode=off_permissive;
13 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
14 
15 root@db 11:54:  [(none)]> set global gtid_mode=off;
16 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
17 
18 root@db 11:55:  [(none)]> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=off;
19 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
20 
21 root@db 11:55:  [(none)]> show variables like '%gtid_mode%';
22 +---------------+-------+
23 | Variable_name | Value |
24 +---------------+-------+
25 | gtid_mode     | OFF   |
26 +---------------+-------+
27 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
28 
29 root@db 11:57:  [(none)]>

两边gtid复制模式方式现已关闭，同时开始传统模式，开始验证传统复制模式是否生效：

验证前查记录下当前Excuted_Gtid_Set值，方便后面做对比。

Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-103
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

在主库插入数据：

 1 root@db 12:11:  [test]> select * from tt;
 2 +----+-------+-------+
 3 | id | name  | score |
 4 +----+-------+-------+
 5 |  1 | Tome  |    80 |
 6 |  2 | Janne |    90 |
 7 |  3 | Kases |    84 |
 8 |  4 | kids  |    99 |
 9 +----+-------+-------+
10 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
11 root@db 12:12:  [test]> insert into tt (name,score) values('MySQL',82);
12 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
13 
14 root@db 12:13:  [test]> select * from tt;
15 +----+-------+-------+
16 | id | name  | score |
17 +----+-------+-------+
18 |  1 | Tome  |    80 |
19 |  2 | Janne |    90 |
20 |  3 | Kases |    84 |
21 |  4 | kids  |    99 |
22 |  5 | MySQL |    82 |
23 +----+-------+-------+
24 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
25 
26 root@db 12:13:  [test]>

从库查看插入数据：

 1 root@db 12:06:  [(none)]> use test
 2 Database changed
 3 root@db 12:14:  [test]> select * from tt;
 4 +----+-------+-------+
 5 | id | name  | score |
 6 +----+-------+-------+
 7 |  1 | Tome  |    80 |
 8 |  2 | Janne |    90 |
 9 |  3 | Kases |    84 |
10 |  4 | kids  |    99 |
11 |  5 | MySQL |    82 |
12 +----+-------+-------+
13 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
14 
15 root@db 12:14:  [test]>

发现数据已经过来了，再查看Excuted_Gtid_Set的值。

root@db 12:14: [test]> show slave statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.100
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: on.000015
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 461
Relay_Log_File: node02-relay-bin.000008
Relay_Log_Pos: 620
Relay_Master_Log_File: on.000015
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

--------------------省略--------------

Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-103
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:

通过对比发现GTID的值没有增加，证明切换成功。

接下来做相反操作，通过传统模式切换到GTID模式

在主从库上修修改enforce_gtid_consistency=warn,确保在error.log中不出现警告信息，如果有需要先修复。

主库：

 1 root@db 12:13:  [test]> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=warn;
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 12:19:  [test]> show variables like '%enforce_gtid_consistency%';
 5 +--------------------------+-------+
 6 | Variable_name            | Value |
 7 +--------------------------+-------+
 8 | enforce_gtid_consistency | WARN  |
 9 +--------------------------+-------+
10 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
11 
12 root@db 12:20:  [test]>

从库：

 1 root@db 12:18:  [test]> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=warn;
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 12:19:  [test]> show variables like '%enforce_gtid_consistency%';
 5 +--------------------------+-------+
 6 | Variable_name            | Value |
 7 +--------------------------+-------+
 8 | enforce_gtid_consistency | WARN  |
 9 +--------------------------+-------+
10 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
11 
12 root@db 12:20:  [test]>

在主从库上调整enforce_gtid_consistency=on,保证GTID的一致性

主库：

 1 root@db 12:20:  [test]> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=on;
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 12:21:  [test]> show variables like '%enforce_gtid_consistency%';
 5 +--------------------------+-------+
 6 | Variable_name            | Value |
 7 +--------------------------+-------+
 8 | enforce_gtid_consistency | ON    |
 9 +--------------------------+-------+
10 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
11 
12 root@db 12:21:  [test]>

从库：

 1 root@db 12:20:  [test]> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=on;
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 12:22:  [test]> show variables like '%enforce_gtid_consistency%';
 5 +--------------------------+-------+
 6 | Variable_name            | Value |
 7 +--------------------------+-------+
 8 | enforce_gtid_consistency | ON    |
 9 +--------------------------+-------+
10 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
11 
12 root@db 12:22:  [test]>

然后在主从库安装前面的顺序再一次修改回去，直至gtid_mode=on为止

主库操作：

 1 root@db 12:21:  [test]> set global gtid_mode=off_permissive;
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 12:24:  [test]> set global gtid_mode=on_permissive;
 5 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 6 
 7 root@db 12:24:  [test]> set global gtid_mode=on;
 8 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 9 
10 root@db 12:24:  [test]> show variables like '%gtid_mode%';
11 +---------------+-------+
12 | Variable_name | Value |
13 +---------------+-------+
14 | gtid_mode     | ON    |
15 +---------------+-------+
16 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
17 
18 root@db 12:24:  [test]>

从库操作：

 1 root@db 12:22:  [test]> set global gtid_mode=off_permissive;
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 12:25:  [test]> set global gtid_mode=on_permissive;
 5 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 6 
 7 root@db 12:25:  [test]> set global gtid_mode=on;
 8 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 9 
10 root@db 12:25:  [test]> show variables like '%gtid_mode%';
11 +---------------+-------+
12 | Variable_name | Value |
13 +---------------+-------+
14 | gtid_mode     | ON    |
15 +---------------+-------+
16 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
17 
18 root@db 12:26:  [test]>

提示：上述gtid_mode参数值修改必须严格安装顺序依次修改，否则会报错。

查看从库的参数Ongoing_anonymous_transaction_count参数值是否为0，如果为0，意味着没有等待的事务，可以直接进行后面的操作

1 root@db 12:29:  [test]> show global status like '%ongoing_anonymous%';
2 +-------------------------------------+-------+
3 | Variable_name                       | Value |
4 +-------------------------------------+-------+
5 | Ongoing_anonymous_transaction_count | 0     |
6 +-------------------------------------+-------+
7 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
8 
9 root@db 12:29:  [test]>

说明没有等待提交的事务，可以进入后面的操作。

再次核对GTID相关参数状态：

主服务器：

 1 root@db 12:24:  [test]> show variables like '%gtid%';
 2 +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
 3 | Variable_name                    | Value                                     |
 4 +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
 5 | binlog_gtid_simple_recovery      | ON                                        |
 6 | enforce_gtid_consistency         | ON                                        |
 7 | gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000                                      |
 8 | gtid_mode                        | ON                                        |
 9 | gtid_next                        | AUTOMATIC                                 |
10 | gtid_owned                       |                                           |
11 | gtid_purged                      | b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-92 |
12 | session_track_gtids              | OFF                                       |
13 +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
14 8 rows in set (0.06 sec)
15 
16 root@db 12:30:  [test]>

从服务器：

 1 root@db 12:29:  [test]>  show variables like '%gtid%';
 2 +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
 3 | Variable_name                    | Value                                     |
 4 +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
 5 | binlog_gtid_simple_recovery      | ON                                        |
 6 | enforce_gtid_consistency         | ON                                        |
 7 | gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000                                      |
 8 | gtid_mode                        | ON                                        |
 9 | gtid_next                        | AUTOMATIC                                 |
10 | gtid_owned                       |                                           |
11 | gtid_purged                      | b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-95 |
12 | session_track_gtids              | OFF                                       |
13 +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
14 8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
15 
16 root@db 12:31:  [test]>

我们把传统的复制模式改为GTID模式要把传统的复制停掉，然后执行stop slave，然后执行change master to master_auto_position=1

停止slave，查看当前主从状态：

 1 root@db 12:35:  [test]> stop slave;
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 12:35:  [test]> show slave statusG
 5 *************************** 1. row ***************************
 6                Slave_IO_State: 
 7                   Master_Host: 192.168.0.100
 8                   Master_User: repluser
 9                   Master_Port: 3306
10                 Connect_Retry: 60
11               Master_Log_File: on.000018
12           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 194
13                Relay_Log_File: node02-relay-bin.000014
14                 Relay_Log_Pos: 353
15         Relay_Master_Log_File: on.000018
16              Slave_IO_Running: No
17             Slave_SQL_Running: No
18               Replicate_Do_DB: 
19           Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
20            Replicate_Do_Table: 
21        Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
22       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
23   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
24                    Last_Errno: 0
25                    Last_Error: 
26                  Skip_Counter: 0
27           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 194
28               Relay_Log_Space: 601
29               Until_Condition: None
30                Until_Log_File: 
31                 Until_Log_Pos: 0
32            Master_SSL_Allowed: No
33            Master_SSL_CA_File: 
34            Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
35               Master_SSL_Cert: 
36             Master_SSL_Cipher: 
37                Master_SSL_Key: 
38         Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
39 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
40                 Last_IO_Errno: 0
41                 Last_IO_Error: 
42                Last_SQL_Errno: 0
43                Last_SQL_Error: 
44   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
45              Master_Server_Id: 3306100
46                   Master_UUID: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52
47              Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
48                     SQL_Delay: 0
49           SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
50       Slave_SQL_Running_State: 
51            Master_Retry_Count: 86400
52                   Master_Bind: 
53       Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
54      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
55                Master_SSL_Crl: 
56            Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
57            Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
58             Executed_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-103
59                 Auto_Position: 0
60          Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
61                  Channel_Name: 
62            Master_TLS_Version: 
63 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
64 
65 root@db 12:35:  [test]>

执行change master to master_auto_position=1.开启复制状态，start slave

 1 root@db 12:36:  [test]> change master to  master_auto_position=1;
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 12:36:  [test]> start slave;
 5 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 6 
 7 root@db 12:37:  [test]> show slave statusG
 8 *************************** 1. row ***************************
 9                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
10                   Master_Host: 192.168.0.100
11                   Master_User: repluser
12                   Master_Port: 3306
13                 Connect_Retry: 60
14               Master_Log_File: on.000018
15           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 194
16                Relay_Log_File: node02-relay-bin.000002
17                 Relay_Log_Pos: 353
18         Relay_Master_Log_File: on.000018
19              Slave_IO_Running: Yes
20             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
21               Replicate_Do_DB: 
22           Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
23            Replicate_Do_Table: 
24        Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
25       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
26   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
27                    Last_Errno: 0
28                    Last_Error: 
29                  Skip_Counter: 0
30           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 194
31               Relay_Log_Space: 561
32               Until_Condition: None
33                Until_Log_File: 
34                 Until_Log_Pos: 0
35            Master_SSL_Allowed: No
36            Master_SSL_CA_File: 
37            Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
38               Master_SSL_Cert: 
39             Master_SSL_Cipher: 
40                Master_SSL_Key: 
41         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
42 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
43                 Last_IO_Errno: 0
44                 Last_IO_Error: 
45                Last_SQL_Errno: 0
46                Last_SQL_Error: 
47   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
48              Master_Server_Id: 3306100
49                   Master_UUID: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52
50              Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
51                     SQL_Delay: 0
52           SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
53       Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
54            Master_Retry_Count: 86400
55                   Master_Bind: 
56       Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
57      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
58                Master_SSL_Crl: 
59            Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
60            Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
61             Executed_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-103
62                 Auto_Position: 1
63          Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
64                  Channel_Name: 
65            Master_TLS_Version: 
66 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
67 
68 root@db 12:37:  [test]>

验证切换是否成功，主库插入数据：

 1 root@db 12:30:  [test]> insert into tt (name,score) values('gtid',82);
 2 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 3 
 4 root@db 12:38:  [test]> insert into tt (name,score) values('gtid_on',85);
 5 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 6 
 7 root@db 12:38:  [test]> select * from tt;
 8 +----+---------+-------+
 9 | id | name    | score |
10 +----+---------+-------+
11 |  1 | Tome    |    80 |
12 |  2 | Janne   |    90 |
13 |  3 | Kases   |    84 |
14 |  4 | kids    |    99 |
15 |  5 | MySQL   |    82 |
16 |  6 | gtid    |    82 |
17 |  7 | gtid_on |    85 |
18 +----+---------+-------+
19 7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
20 
21 root@db 12:38:  [test]>

从库查看数据和Excuted_Gtid_Set对应值是否发生变化：

 1 root@db 12:37:  [test]> select * from tt;
 2 +----+---------+-------+
 3 | id | name    | score |
 4 +----+---------+-------+
 5 |  1 | Tome    |    80 |
 6 |  2 | Janne   |    90 |
 7 |  3 | Kases   |    84 |
 8 |  4 | kids    |    99 |
 9 |  5 | MySQL   |    82 |
10 |  6 | gtid    |    82 |
11 |  7 | gtid_on |    85 |
12 +----+---------+-------+
13 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
14 
15 root@db 12:40:  [test]> show slave statusG
16 *************************** 1. row ***************************
17                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
18                   Master_Host: 192.168.0.100
19                   Master_User: repluser
20                   Master_Port: 3306
21                 Connect_Retry: 60
22               Master_Log_File: on.000018
23           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 729
24                Relay_Log_File: node02-relay-bin.000002
25                 Relay_Log_Pos: 888
26         Relay_Master_Log_File: on.000018
27              Slave_IO_Running: Yes
28             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
29               Replicate_Do_DB: 
30           Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
31        --------省略部分---------------------
32   Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
33      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
34                Master_SSL_Crl: 
35            Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
36            Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:104-105
37             Executed_Gtid_Set: b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-105
38                 Auto_Position: 1
39          Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
40                  Channel_Name: 
41            Master_TLS_Version: 
42 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
43 
44 root@db 12:40:  [test]>

通过上述查询，发现数据已经复制过来，说明数据同步成功，而Excuted_Gtid_Set的值由“ b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-103” 变换为：“b8439fb9-4f22-11e8-a24e-000c291a6b52:1-105”，说明切换成功，因为GTID的值增加了，证明开启了GTID的复制方式。

至此MySQL的传统复制方式和GTID方式互相切换演示完成，需要注意的是gtid_mode的值虽然支持动态修改，但是在修改时不能跳跃式的修改，必须得严格按照顺序修改。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/kindnull/p/9061968.html