request_html模块(上)
牛逼的requests-html库
安装:
pip install request-html
请求数据:
from request_html import HTMLSession
session = HTMLSession
url = 'https://www.baidu.com/'
# get:
r = session.get(url=url)
# post:
r = session.post(url=url)
# request
r = session.request(method='get'/'post', url=url)
HTML对象属性:
from requests_html import HTMLSession
session = HTMLSession()
url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/'
response = session.get(url=url)
response的属性
print(response)
print(type(response))
# <Response [200]>
# <class 'requests_html.HTMLResponse'>
print(dir(response))
#['__attrs__', '__bool__', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__enter__', '__eq__', '__exit__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getstate__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__nonzero__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__setstate__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '_content', '_content_consumed', '_from_response', '_html', '_next', 'apparent_encoding', 'close', 'connection', 'content', 'cookies', 'elapsed', 'encoding', 'headers', 'history', 'html', 'is_permanent_redirect', 'is_redirect', 'iter_content', 'iter_lines', 'json', 'links', 'next', 'ok', 'raise_for_status', 'raw', 'reason', 'request', 'session', 'status_code', 'text', 'url']
响应:
response.url: 当前路径
response.text: 文本
response.encoding = 'gbk':编码
response.content: 二进制的响应内容
response.json ==>json.loads(r.text)
response.status_code: 返回状态码
response.headers: 返回响应头
response.cookies: 返回cookies
response.history: 返回响应历史
.html
print(response.html)
# <HTML url='https://www.zhihu.com/signin?next=%2F'>
In [18]: type(res.html)
Out[18]: requests_html.HTML
'''
reponse 和 response_html模块自己实现的类
'''
print(dir(response.html))
['__aiter__', '__anext__', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__next__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '_async_render', '_encoding', '_html', '_lxml', '_make_absolute', '_pq', 'absolute_links', 'add_next_symbol', 'arender', 'base_url', 'default_encoding', 'element', 'encoding', 'find', 'full_text', 'html', 'links', 'lxml', 'next', 'next_symbol', 'page', 'pq', 'raw_html', 'render', 'search', 'search_all', 'session', 'skip_anchors', 'text', 'url', 'xpath']
html对象属性
response.html.absolute_links: 绝对链接
response.links:相对链接
response.base_url: 基本路径
response.html.html: 网页源码
response.html.text: 网页文本
response.html.encoding = 'gbk'
response.html.raw_html:页面的二进制流
html对象方法:
find:
参数
:param selector: css 选择器
:param clean: 是否去除页面中的<scpript>和<style>标签,默认False
:param containing:如果指定有值,只返回包含所给文本的Element对象,默认False
:param first: 是否返回第一个对象,默认False
:param _encoding: 字符编码
返回结果
[Element,Element……]
当First为True的时候,只返回第一个Element
search:
response.html.search(XXXX{}YYYY)[0] # 搜索一次
response.html.search(XXXX{name}YYY{pwd}ZZZ)[name] #只搜索一次
seach_all:
查找所有符合template对象,返回的是result对象组成的list
Element对象:
'absolute_links', 'attrs', 'base_url', 'default_encoding', 'element', 'encoding', 'find', 'full_text', 'html', 'lineno', 'links', 'lxml', 'pq', 'raw_html', 'search', 'search_all', 'session', 'skip_anchors', 'tag', 'text', 'url', 'xpath'
text:
去掉 之后的文本
full_text:
没有去掉 之后的文本值
attrs:
返回以字典形式Element对象的属性和属性名