Emmmmm 今天Leader不在家,悄悄給大家分享一个微信公众号网页开发,以及获取用户信息开发。
今天leader给了一个公众号投票的需求
1、每个微信只能投一票
2、不能重复投票。防止刷票。
3、可以正常分享页面。
我觉得这些需求对我这个牛(菜)逼(鸟)轰(一)轰(个)的程序员来说不是个什么大问题。
哈哈哈哈哈 好不吹牛逼了。来先说思路。
微信开发文档----https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki?t=resource/res_main&id=mp1421140842/
我不喜欢太多字。你们仔鸡看吧。
先画一个牛城图。。。
整体的精髓都在图上了。原创不易,转载请说明出处。谢谢谢谢。哪里不懂可以直接联系我
用户授权并获取code
参数说明
appid=APPID(公众号唯一标识)
redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI(授权后重定向的回调链接地址)
response_type=code(返回类型,无需更改)
scope=SCOPE(snsapi_base ,不弹出授权页面,直接跳转,只能获取用户openid),snsapi_userinfo 弹出授权页面,可通过openid拿到昵称、性别、所在地。)
state=STATE(重定向后会带上state参数,开发者可以填写任意参数值)
#wechat_redirect(无需更改)
地址实例(虽是测试号,但我还是隐藏部分信息)红色字体需要根据实际更改。
https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=xxxxxxxxxxx&redirect_uri=www.sohu.com&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=1#wechat_redirect
上代码吧。
package cn.builder.controller.activity;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import cn.builder.controller.base.BaseController;
import cn.builder.entity.Page;
import cn.builder.service.activity.ActivityService;
import cn.builder.util.AppUtil;
import cn.builder.util.DateUtil;
import cn.builder.util.Jurisdiction;
import cn.builder.util.PageData;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/activity")
public class ActivityController extends BaseController {
@Resource(name="activityService")
private ActivityService activityService;
private String menuUrl ="activity/getVoteList.do";
/**
* 获取用户code值
*
* @param
* @throws Exception
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getCodeUrl")
public void getCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
String url = WeChatUtil.getCodeUrl("http://cnbuilder.cn/activity/voteList");
response.sendRedirect(url);
}
/**
* 音频列表以及用户是否投票
*
* @param
* @throws Exception
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/voteList")
public ModelAndView UserLogin(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
ModelAndView mv = this.getModelAndView();
// 1.获取code
String code = request.getParameter("code");
Map<String, Object> map =new HashMap<>();
try {
map = WeChatUtil.getOpenId(code);
} catch (Exception e) {
response.sendRedirect("http://cnbuilder.cn/activity/getCodeUrl");
return null;
}
if (code==null||CollectionUtils.isEmpty(map)||map==null) {
response.sendRedirect("http://cnbuilder.cn/activity/getCodeUrl");
return null;
}
// 2.根据code换取openid
String openId = (String) map.get("openId");
PageData pd = new PageData();
pd.put("u_uuid", openId);
PageData vote_record = activityService.userIsExistence(pd);
if (vote_record == null) {
// 3.然后通过openid获取用户信息
// 3.1先获取accessToken
String accessToken = (String) map.get("accessToken");
// 3.2获取用户信息
JSONObject userInfo = WeChatUtil.getUserInfo2(openId, accessToken);
pd.put("u_name", userInfo.get("nickname"));
pd.put("u_image", userInfo.get("headimgurl"));
pd.put("u_register_time", DateUtil.getTime());
activityService.saveUserInfo(pd);
}
// 查询所有投票数据
略。。。。
//返回页面
mv.setViewName("activity/activity");
return mv;
}
}
//工具类
package cn.cnbuilder.controller.activity;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.Formatter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import cn.cnbuilder.dao.redis.RedisDao;
import cn.cnbuilder.entity.AccessToken;
import cn.cnbuilder.entity.TicketJson;
import cn.cnbuilder.util.MyX509TrustManager;
import cn.cnbuilder.util.PageData;
import cn.cnbuilder.util.Tools;
import cn.cnbuilder.util.wxpay.Sign;
import net.sf.json.JSONException;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
/**
* 公众平台通用接口工具类
*/
public class WeChatUtil {
@Resource(name = "redisDaoImpl")
private RedisDao redisDaoImpl;
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WeChatUtil.class);
// 公众号的appid和secretid
public static String WEIXIN_APPID = "xxxxxxxxxxxx";
public static String WEIXIN_APPSECRET = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxx";
// 获取access_token的接口地址(GET) 限200(次/天)
public final static String access_Token_Url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid="
+ WEIXIN_APPID + "&secret=" + WEIXIN_APPSECRET;
// 拉取用户信息(需scope为 snsapi_userinfo) ACCESS_TOKEN 是网页授权的ACCESS_TOKEN
public final static String user_Info_Url_login = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID";
// 获取用户基本信息(包括UnionID机制)
public final static String user_Info_Url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID&lang=zh_CN";
// 用户同意授权,获取code
public final static String scope_Code_Url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid="
+ WEIXIN_APPID
+ "&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";
// 通过code换取网页授权access_token
public final static String scope_OpenId_Url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid="
+ WEIXIN_APPID + "&secret=" + WEIXIN_APPSECRET + "&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";
// 由于access_token拥有较短的有效期,当access_token超时后,可以使用refresh_token进行刷新,refresh_token有效期为30天,当refresh_token失效之后,需要用户重新授权。
public final static String refresh_token_Url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/refresh_token?appid="
+ WEIXIN_APPID + "&grant_type=refresh_token&refresh_token=REFRESH_TOKEN";
// 获取用户code值
public final static String get_code_url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid="
+ WEIXIN_APPID
+ "&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";
//获取jsticket
public final static String get_jsticket = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&type=jsapi";
/**
* 通过code获取网页授权 和用户openid
*
* @param code
* @return
*/
public static Map<String, Object> getOpenId(String code) {
Map<String, Object> resMap = new HashMap<>();
String openId = null;
String accessToken = null;
String refreshToken = null;
String url = scope_OpenId_Url.replace("CODE", code);
JSONObject jsonObject = httpRequest(url, "POST", null);
log.info("WeChatUtil getOpenId=" + jsonObject);
if (null != jsonObject) {
if (!jsonObject.containsKey("errcode")) {
openId = jsonObject.getString("openid");
accessToken = jsonObject.getString("access_token");
refreshToken = jsonObject.getString("refresh_token");
resMap.put("openId", openId);
resMap.put("accessToken", accessToken);
resMap.put("refresh_token", refreshToken);
return resMap;
} else {
int errorCode = jsonObject.getInt("errcode");
String errorMsg = jsonObject.getString("errmsg");
log.info("通过code换取网页授权失败errorCode:{" + errorCode + "},errmsg:{" + errorMsg + "}");
System.out.println("通过code换取网页授权失败errorCode:{" + errorCode + "},errmsg:{" + errorMsg + "}");
}
}
return resMap;
}
/**
* 通过openId和accessToken获取当前用户的基本信息
*
* @param openId
* @param accessToken
* @return
*/
public static JSONObject getUserInfo2(String openId, String accessToken) {
String url = user_Info_Url.replace("OPENID", openId).replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken);
JSONObject jsonObject = httpRequest(url, "POST", null);
log.info("WeChatUtil getUserInfo=" + jsonObject);
return jsonObject;
}
/**
* 通过appId和appSecretId获取accessToken
*
* @date 2018年3月6日
* @return
*/
public static String getAccessToken() {
String url = access_Token_Url.replace("WEIXIN_APPID", WEIXIN_APPID).replace("WEIXIN_APPSECRET",
WEIXIN_APPSECRET);
JSONObject jsonObject = httpRequest(url, "GET", null);
log.info("WeChatUtil getAccessToken=" + jsonObject);
return jsonObject.getString("access_token");
}
/**
* 获取用户code值
*/
public static String getCodeUrl(String redirect_uri) {
String url = get_code_url.replace("REDIRECT_URI", redirect_uri);
return url;
}
/**
* 刷新token有效期
*
* @date 2018年3月6日
* @return
*/
public static String refreshToken(String REFRESH_TOKEN) {
String url = refresh_token_Url.replace("REFRESH_TOKEN", REFRESH_TOKEN);
JSONObject jsonObject = httpRequest(url, "GET", null);
log.info("WeChatUtil refreshToken=" + jsonObject);
return jsonObject.getString("access_token");
}
/**
* 获取jsticket
*
* @date 2018年3月6日
* @return
*/
public static String getJsTicket(String accessToken) {
String url = get_jsticket.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken);
JSONObject jsonObject = httpRequest(url, "GET", null);
return jsonObject.getString("ticket");
}
/**
* URL编码(utf-8)
*
* @param source
* @return
*/
public static String urlEncodeUTF8(String source) {
String result = source;
try {
result = java.net.URLEncoder.encode(source, "utf-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error("urlEncodeUTF8出现异常!
" + e.getMessage());
}
return result;
}
public static String getWEIXIN_APPID() {
return WEIXIN_APPID;
}
public static void setWEIXIN_APPID(String wEIXIN_APPID) {
WEIXIN_APPID = wEIXIN_APPID;
}
public static String getWEIXIN_APPSECRET() {
return WEIXIN_APPSECRET;
}
public static void setWEIXIN_APPSECRET(String wEIXIN_APPSECRET) {
WEIXIN_APPSECRET = wEIXIN_APPSECRET;
}
/**
* 发起https请求并获取结果
*
* @param requestUrl 请求地址
* @param requestMethod 请求方式(GET、POST)
* @param outputStr 提交的数据
* @return JSONObject(通过JSONObject.get(key)的方式获取json对象的属性值)
*/
public static JSONObject httpRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr) {
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
try {
// 创建SSLContext对象,并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化
TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() };
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE");
sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());
// 从上述SSLContext对象中得到SSLSocketFactory对象
SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
HttpsURLConnection httpUrlConn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
httpUrlConn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);
httpUrlConn.setDoOutput(true);
httpUrlConn.setDoInput(true);
httpUrlConn.setUseCaches(false);
// 设置请求方式(GET/POST)
httpUrlConn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
if ("GET".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod))
httpUrlConn.connect();
// 当有数据需要提交时
if (null != outputStr) {
OutputStream outputStream = httpUrlConn.getOutputStream();
// 注意编码格式,防止中文乱码
outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));
outputStream.close();
}
// 将返回的输入流转换成字符串
InputStream inputStream = httpUrlConn.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
String str = null;
while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(str);
}
bufferedReader.close();
inputStreamReader.close();
// 释放资源
inputStream.close();
inputStream = null;
httpUrlConn.disconnect();
jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString());
} catch (ConnectException ce) {
ce.printStackTrace();
log.error("Weixin server connection timed out.");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error("https request error:{}", e);
}
return jsonObject;
}
public static Map<String, String> sign(String jsapi_ticket, String url) {
Map<String, String> ret = new HashMap<String, String>();
String nonce_str = create_nonce_str();
String timestamp = create_timestamp();
String string1;
String signature = "";
// 注意这里参数名必须全部小写,且必须有序
string1 = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket + "&noncestr=" + nonce_str + "×tamp=" + timestamp + "&url=" + url;
System.out.println(string1);
try {
MessageDigest crypt = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
crypt.reset();
crypt.update(string1.getBytes("UTF-8"));
signature = byteToHex(crypt.digest());
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ret.put("url", url);
ret.put("jsapi_ticket", jsapi_ticket);
ret.put("nonceStr", nonce_str);
ret.put("timestamp", timestamp);
ret.put("signature", signature);
return ret;
}
private static String byteToHex(final byte[] hash) {
Formatter formatter = new Formatter();
for (byte b : hash) {
formatter.format("%02x", b);
}
String result = formatter.toString();
formatter.close();
return result;
}
private static String create_nonce_str() {
return UUID.randomUUID().toString();
}
private static String create_timestamp() {
return Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 注意 URL 一定要动态获取,不能 hardcode
String url = "http://gwchsk.imwork.net/wechat/order/test.html";
String accessToken = getAccessToken();
String jsTicket = getJsTicket(accessToken);
Map<String, String> ret = sign(jsTicket,url);
for (Map.Entry entry : ret.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "=" + entry.getValue());
}
}
}
上面就是一套完整的微信网页推送流程,有什么不懂就联系我。
鼓励作者写出更好的技术文档,就请我喝一瓶哇哈哈哈哈哈哈哈。。
微信:
支付宝:
感谢一路支持我的人。。。。。
Love me and hold me
QQ:69673804(16年老号)
EMAIL:69673804@qq.com
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