这个题目上周对抗赛题目,搞了我好久 对数学这种不是很敏感
其实都不是自己想出来的,看其他的资料和博客的推导 还是有点难度的,反正我是推不出来
通过二项式定理的化简
有两个博客写得比较好
http://972169909-qq-com.iteye.com/blog/1863402
http://www.cppblog.com/Yuan/archive/2010/08/13/123268.html
反正构造好二项式之后,乘N次,就可以得到结果了,因为右边的式子 初始全部是x。
#include <iostream> #include <cstring> #include <cstdio> #define ll __int64 using namespace std; const int maxn = 52; ll c[maxn][maxn], a[maxn][maxn], b[maxn][maxn], t[maxn][maxn]; ll N,x,M; void init() { int i, j; memset(c, 0, sizeof(c)); for (i = 0; i <= x; i++) { c[i][0] = c[i][i] = 1; for (j = 1; j < i; j++) { c[i][j] = (c[i-1][j] + c[i-1][j-1]) % M; } } memset(a, 0, sizeof(a)); for (i = 0; i <= x; i++) { for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) { a[i][j] = (c[i][j] * x) % M; } } memcpy(a[x+1], a[x], sizeof(a[x])); a[x+1][x+1] = 1; memset(b, 0, sizeof(b)); for (i = 0; i <= x+1; i++) { b[i][i] = 1; } } void mul(long long p[maxn][maxn], long long q[maxn][maxn]) { int i, j, k; memset(t, 0, sizeof(t)); for (i = 0; i <= x+1; i++) { for (j = 0; j <= x+1; j++) { for (k = 0; k <= x+1; k++) { t[i][j] = (t[i][j] + p[i][k] * q[k][j]) % M; } } } memcpy(q, t, sizeof(t)); } void cal() { while (N) { if (N & 1) { mul(a, b); } mul(a, a); N >>= 1; } } int main() { while (scanf("%I64d %I64d %I64d", &N, &x,&M)&& N>0 && x>0 &&M>0) { init(); cal(); printf("%I64d ", b[x+1][0]); } return 0; }