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  • html的<!DOCTYPE>标签初窥

    <!DOCTYPE>标签必须放在整个html文档的第一行，之后一行就是从<html>标签开始，所有浏览器都支持<!DOCTYPE>标签。

    <!DOCTYPE>标签是用来告诉浏览器用哪个html版本解析当前的html页面。

    其中很多DOCTYPE中都带有DTD声明，DTD就是html文档的规范说明，主要有：strict（严格）、transitional（过度）、frameset（框架），严格类型的DTD包含了大部分的html元素和属性，但一些过时的元素已经不再支持（fontusiframe等）；过度的包含了所有的html元素和属性，过时的一些元素也支持；框架的DTD是为需要使用框架时所用到的DTD，如无框架，不会用到。

    常用的html版本对应的DOCTYPE声明：

    html版本 DOCTYPE声明
    HTML 5 <!DOCTYPE html>
    HTML 4.01 Strict <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
    HTML 4.01 Transitional

    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    HTML 4.01 Frameset

    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">
    XHTML 1.0 Strict

    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
    XHTML 1.0 Transitional

    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "
    http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
    XHTML 1.0 Frameset

    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">
    XHTML 1.1

    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">

                                                           

    对应与不同html版本的DOCTYPE所支持的元素是不同的，基本的支持情况如下列出。

    标签HTML5HTML 4.01 / XHTML 1.0XHTML 1.1
    TransitionalStrictFrameset
    <a> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <abbr> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <acronym> No Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <address> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <applet> No Yes No Yes No
    <area> Yes Yes Yes Yes No
    <article> Yes No No No No
    <aside> Yes No No No No
    <audio> Yes No No No No
    <b> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <base> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <basefont> No Yes No Yes No
    <bdi> Yes No No No No
    <bdo> Yes Yes Yes Yes No
    <big> No Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <blockquote> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <body> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <br> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <button> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <canvas> Yes No No No No
    <caption> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <center> No Yes No Yes No
    <cite> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <code> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <col> Yes Yes Yes Yes No
    <colgroup> Yes Yes Yes Yes No
    <command> Yes No No No No
    <datalist> Yes No No No No
    <dd> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <del> Yes Yes Yes Yes No
    <details> Yes No No No No
    <dfn> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <dir> No Yes No Yes No
    <div> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <dl> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <dt> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <em> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <embed> Yes No No No No
    <fieldset> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <figcaption> Yes No No No No
    <figure> Yes No No No No
    <font> No Yes No Yes No
    <footer> Yes No No No No
    <form> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <frame> No No No Yes No
    <frameset> No No No Yes No
    <h1> to <h6> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <head> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <header> Yes No No No No
    <hgroup> Yes No No No No
    <hr> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <html> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <i> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <iframe> Yes Yes No Yes No
    <img> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <input> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <ins> Yes Yes Yes Yes No
    <keygen> Yes No No No No
    <kbd> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <label> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <legend> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <li> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <link> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <map> Yes Yes Yes Yes No
    <mark> Yes No No No No
    <menu> Yes Yes No Yes No
    <meta> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <meter> Yes No No No No
    <nav> Yes No No No No
    <noframes> No Yes No Yes No
    <noscript> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <object> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <ol> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <optgroup> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <option> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <output> Yes No No No No
    <p> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <param> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <pre> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <progress> Yes No No No No
    <q> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <rp> Yes No No No No
    <rt> Yes No No No No
    <ruby> Yes No No No No
    <s> Yes Yes No Yes No
    <samp> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <script> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <section> Yes No No No No
    <select> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <small> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <source> Yes No No No No
    <span> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <strike> No Yes No Yes No
    <strong> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <style> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <sub> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <summary> Yes No No No No
    <sup> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <table> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <tbody> Yes Yes Yes Yes No
    <td> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <textarea> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <tfoot> Yes Yes Yes Yes No
    <th> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <thead> Yes Yes Yes Yes No
    <time> Yes No No No No
    <title> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <tr> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <track> Yes No No No No
    <tt> No Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <u> No Yes No Yes No
    <ul> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <var> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
    <video> Yes No No No No
    <wbr> Yes No No No No
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/kongxianghai/p/4892769.html
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