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  • EJS学习(三)之语法规则中

    ⚠️实例均结合node,也就是AMD规范版本

    ejs中使用render()表示渲染文本

    接收三个参数:模版字符串、data、options,返回一个字符串

    const ejs = require('ejs');
    
    ejs.delimiter = '$';
    
    var html = ejs.render(`
        <$ for(var i=0; i<num; i++ ) { -$>
            <h2><$= user.name $>
            </h2><h2><$= user.age $></h2>
        <$ } -$>`
        ,{
        user:{
            name:"wangkun",
            age:22,
        },
        num:2
    },{rmWhitespace:true});
    
    console.log(html);
    
    // 输出:
    <h2>wangkun
    </h2><h2>22</h2>
    <h2>wangkun
    </h2><h2>22</h2>

    ejs中使用renderFile()表示渲染文件

    接收四个参数:模版字符串、data、options、callback,没有返回值

    const ejs = require('ejs');
    ejs.renderFile("./work/lesson12/view/1.ejs",{name:'wangkun'},function(err,data){ // err是错误,data是渲染完的数据
        if(err){
            console.log("出错了");
        }else{
            console.log(data);
        }
    });

     

    ejs中使用<% %>输出脚本

    实例一:ejs中的for循环

    // 3.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <% for(var i=0; i<json.arr.length; i++) {%>
            <div>
                用户名:<%= json.arr[i].user %>
                年龄:<%= json.arr[i].age %>
            </div>
        <% } %>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    
    // 3.js内容:
    const ejs = require('ejs');
    
    ejs.renderFile('./work/lesson14/view/3.ejs',{
        json:{
            arr:[
                {user:"pear",age:"12"},
                {user:"apple",age:"13"},
                {user:"banana",age:"14"},
                {user:"orange",age:"15"}
            ]
        }
    },function(err,data){
        console.log(data);
    });
    
    
    // 输出:
    
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        
            <div>
                用户名:pear
                年龄:12
            </div>
        
            <div>
                用户名:apple
                年龄:13
            </div>
        
            <div>
                用户名:banana
                年龄:14
            </div>
        
            <div>
                用户名:orange
                年龄:15
            </div>
        
    </body>
    </html>

    ⚠️ 所有使用 <% %> 括起来的内容都会被编译成 Javascript,你可以在模版文件中像写 js 一样 Coding,也允许你声明变量,作用域就是当前模版,因为一个模版会被编译成一个 Javascript 函数 

     

    ejs中使用<%= %>转义输出

    实例一:

    // 1.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        我的名字:<%= name %> // 表示赋值
      <%= 12+5 %>
      <%= 'asdfasdf' %>
    </body> </html> // ejs1.js内容: const ejs = require('ejs'); ejs.renderFile("./work/lesson12/view/1.ejs",{name:'wangkun'},function(err,data){ // err是错误,data是渲染完的数据 if(err){ console.log("出错了"); }else{ console.log(data); } }); // 输出: <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> 我的名字:wangkun
       17
       asdfasdf
    </body>
    </html>

    实例二:

    // 2.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div>
            <%= json.arr[0].user %>
            <%= json.arr[0].age %>
            <%= json.arr[2].user %>
            <%= json.arr[2].age %>
        </div>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // 2.js内容:
    const ejs = require('ejs');
    
    ejs.renderFile('./work/lesson14/view/2.ejs',{
        json:{
            arr:[
                {user:"pear",age:"12"},
                {user:"apple",age:"13"},
                {user:"banana",age:"14"},
                {user:"orange",age:"15"}
            ]
        }
    },function(err,data){
        console.log(data);
    });
    
    
    // 输出:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div>
            pear
            12
            banana
            14
        </div>
    </body>
    </html>

    实例三:

    // 4.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <%
            var str = "<div></div>"
        %>
    
        <%= str %>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // 4.js内容:
    const ejs = require('ejs');
    
    ejs.renderFile('./work/lesson14/view/4.ejs',{},function(err,data){
        console.log(data);
    });
    
    
    // 输出:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        
    
        &lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  // ❗️发现是转义的
    </body>
    </html>

      

    ejs中使用<%- %>非转义输出

    // 4.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <%
            var str = "<div></div>"
        %>
    
        <%- str %>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // 输出:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        
    
        <div></div>
    </body>
    </html>

     

    ejs中使用<%%  %>输出模版字符串

    // 7.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <%% if(user.name) { %>
            <%%= user.name %>
        <%% } %>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // 7.js内容:
    const ejs = require('ejs');
    
    ejs.renderFile('./work/lesson14/view/7.ejs',{
        user:{
            name:"wangkun",
            age:22
        }
    },(err,data)=>{
        if(err) {
            console.error(err);
        }else {
            console.log(data);
        }
    });
    
    // 输出:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <% if(user.name) { %>
            <%= user.name %>
        <% } %>
    </body>
    </html>

     

    ejs中使用<%_   _%>删除标签前后的空格

    情况一:<%_ 和  _%>一起使用

    // 9.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <%_ if(user.name) { _%> 
            <h2><%= user.name _%></h2>
        <%_ }else{ _%>
            <h2><%= user.age _%></h2>
        <%_ } _%>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // 9.js内容:
    const ejs = require('ejs');
    
    ejs.renderFile('./work/lesson14/view/9.ejs',{
        user:{
            name:"wangkun",
            age:22
        }
    },(err,data)=>{
        if(err) {
            console.error(err);
        }else {
            console.log(data);
        }
    });
    
    // 输出:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
            <h2>wangkun</h2> // 注意标签前后没有空格
    </body>
    </html>

    // 不使用<%_ _%>输出:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h2>wangkun</h2> // 注意标签有空格
    </body> </html>

    情况二:单独使用<%_

    // 9.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <%_ if(user.name) { %> 
            <h2><%= user.name %></h2>
        <%_ }else{ %>
            <h2><%= user.age %></h2>
        <%_ } %>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // 输出:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
     
            <h2>wangkun</h2> // 注意标签前后空格没有被删除
    
    </body>
    </html>

    情况三:单独使用_%>

    // 9.ejs内容;
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <% if(user.name) { _%> 
            <h2><%= user.name _%></h2>
        <% }else{ _%>
            <h2><%= user.age _%></h2>
        <% } _%>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // 输出:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
                <h2>wangkun</h2> // 标签前后没有空格,但是样式乱了
        </body>
    </html>

    综合以上三种情况,强烈推荐<%_和_%>一起使用,可以有效删除标签前后空格并且样式不会乱☺️

     

    ejs中使用<%  -%>删除换行符

    情况一:

    // 10.ejs内容;
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <% for(var i=0; i<num; i++ ) { -%>
            <h2><%= user.name %></h2>
            <h2><%= user.age %></h2>
        <% } -%>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // 输出
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
                <h2>wangkun</h2>
            <h2>22</h2>
                <h2>wangkun</h2> // 虽然标签前后空格删除了,但样式乱掉了
            <h2>22</h2>
        </body>
    </html>

    // 不使用-%>输出
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h2>wangkun</h2> <h2>22</h2>
    <h2>wangkun</h2> // 标签前后有空格 <h2>22</h2>
    </body> </html>

     情况二:传配置参数rmWhitespace,这样格式就不会乱掉

    // 10.ejs内容:
    const ejs = require('ejs');
    
    ejs.renderFile('./work/lesson14/view/10.ejs',{
        user:{
            name:"wangkun",
            age:22,
        },
        num:2
    },{rmWhitespace:true},(err,data)=>{
        if(err) {
            console.error(err);
        }else {
            console.log(data);
        }
    });
    
    // 输出
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h2>wangkun</h2>
    <h2>22</h2>
    <h2>wangkun</h2>
    <h2>22</h2>
    </body>
    </html>

     

    ejs中使用<%#  %>进行注释没有任何输出

    // 8.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <%# if(user.name) { %>
            <%= user.name %>
        <%# } %>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // 8.js内容:
    const ejs = require('ejs');
    
    ejs.renderFile('./work/lesson14/view/8.ejs',{
        user:{
            name:"wangkun",
            age:22
        }
    },(err,data)=>{
        if(err) {
            console.error(err);
        }else {
            console.log(data);
        }
    });
    
    // 输出:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        
            wangkun
        
    </body>
    </html>

     

    ejs中使用include引入内容

    通过 include 指令将相对于模板路径中的模板片段包含进来。(需要提供 'filename' 参数。) 例如,如果存在 "./views/users.ejs" 和 "./views/user/show.ejs" 两个模板文件,你可以通过 <%- 

    include('user/show'); %> 代码包含后者。你可能需要能够输出原始内容的标签 (<%-) 用于 include 指令,避免对输出的 HTML 代码做转义处理。

    <ul>
      <% users.forEach(function(user){ %>
        <%- include('user/show', {user: user}); %>
      <% }); %>
    </ul>

    情况一:基础,引入文本文件

    // 5.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <% include a.txt %>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // a.txt内容:
    jidhhdka
    kidutyui
    iiiiisnhakjdhgagd
    
    
    // 5.js内容:
    const ejs = require('ejs');
    
    ejs.renderFile('./work/lesson14/view/5.ejs',{},function(err,data){
        console.log(data);
    });
    
    
    // 输出:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        jidhhdka
        kidutyui
        iiiiisnhakjdhgagd
    </body>
    </html>

    情况二:配合循环一起使用

    // 6.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <% for(var i=0; i<5; i++) { %>
            <% include a.txt %>
        <% } %>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // 输出
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        
            jidhhdka
    kidutyui
    iiiiisnhakjdhgagd
        
            jidhhdka
    kidutyui
    iiiiisnhakjdhgagd
        
            jidhhdka
    kidutyui
    iiiiisnhakjdhgagd
        
            jidhhdka
    kidutyui
    iiiiisnhakjdhgagd
        
            jidhhdka
    kidutyui
    iiiiisnhakjdhgagd
        
    </body>
    </html>

    情况三:引入css文件

    // 7.ejs内容:
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
        <title>Document</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <!-- 通过type判断引入谁 -->
         <% if(type == 'admin') { %>
            <% include admin.css %>
        <% }else {%>
            <% include user.css %>
        <% } %>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    // admin.css内容:
    div{
         800px;
    }
    
    // user.css内容:
    div{
         800px;
    }

    注意:

    1、include因为不是js中的语法,所以要单独占据一行  

    2、include后面不能是变量

    3、Include 可以引用相对路径的模版文件,例如有 html/index.html 和 html/_block/head.html这两个文件, 你就可以在 index.html 这么用 <% include _block/head.html %>。

    4、如果我们引入的是一个文本那么可以使用<% %>,但是如果是ejs或html为了防止将引入的html转义,我们要使用<%- %>

     

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/kunmomo/p/11466799.html
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