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  • parted

    parted 功能说明:磁盘分区工具  
    说明:对于小于2TB的磁盘可以用fdisk和parted命令进行分区,这种情况一般采用flisk命令,
    但对于大于2TB的磁盘则只能用parted分区,且需要将磁盘转换为GPT格式。
    
    
    参数选项:
    -l    显示所有磁盘分区的信息
    
    
    范例:直接输入 parted 命令进入交互式模式
    [root@cs6 ~]# parted
    GNU Parted 2.1
    使用 /dev/sda
    Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
    (parted) h                                 #<==查看帮助                              
      align-check TYPE N                       #<==检查磁盘分区,TYPE分为min/opt两个选择,N为磁盘分区号。
      check NUMBER                             #<==简单检查文件系统。
      cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER   #<==将文件系统复制到另一个分区。
      help [COMMAND]                           #<==查看帮助,简写h,还可以类似于help check 查看其他指令帮助。
      mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE               #<==创建分区表
      mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE                      #<==创建文件系统。
      mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END     #<==创建分区。
      mkpartfs PART-TYPE FS-TYPE START END     #<==创建带有文件系统的分区。
      move NUMBER START END                    #<==移动分区。
      name NUMBER NAME                         #<==为分区命名
      print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER]     #<==显示分区表信息,简写p。
            partitions, or a particular partition
      quit                                     #<==退出程序。
      rescue START END                         #<==挽救临近“起始点”、”终止点”的 失的分区。
      resize NUMBER START END                  #<==重设分区大小。
      rm NUMBER                                #<==删除编号 NUMBER的分区。
      select DEVICE                            #<==选择要编辑的设备。
      set NUMBER FLAG STATE                    #<==改变分区的标志。
      toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]]                   #<==设置分区标志。
      unit UNIT                                #<==设置默认单位。
      version                                  #<==显示版本号。
    (parted)                                                          
    
    
    
    范例:显示分区情况的例子
    
    [root@cs6 ~]# parted -l    #<==显示所有磁盘分区的信息。
    Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)    #<=磁盘型号,这里采用VMware虚拟化演示。
    Disk /dev/sda: 32.2GB                     #<==磁盘大小。
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B #<==扇区大小,为msdos,这是适合disk分区的类型。
     
    Partition Table: msdos                    #<==分区表类型。
     
    Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system  标志
    1      1049kB  525MB   524MB   primary  ext4         启动
    2      525MB   32.2GB  31.7GB  primary               lvm
     
     
    Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
    Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
    Partition Table: msdos
     
    Number  Start   End     Size   Type      File system  标志
    1      32.3kB  115MB   115MB  primary   ext4
    2      115MB   1069MB  954MB  extended
    5      115MB   543MB   428MB  logical
    6      543MB   1069MB  526MB  logical
     
     
    上述内容每列说明具体如下:
    Number:分区编号。
    Start:分区开始位置。
    End:分区结束位置。
    Size:分区大小。
    Type:分区类型。
    primary:为主分区。
    File system:文件系统,例如ext4、swap等。
    Flags:标志位,boot为启动分区。
     
    
    
    
    范例:在虚拟机(VMware Workstation Pro)中模拟2TB以上的磁盘分区
    
    步骤1:在虚拟机中添加一块1GB的硬盘。
    
    步骤2:交互式分区。
     
    [root@cs6 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
    GNU Parted 2.1
    Using /dev/sdb
    Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
    (parted) mklabel gpt   #<==为sdb创建GPT分区表,大于2TB的磁盘必须执行这一步。
    Warning: Partition(s) on /dev/sdb are being used.                         
    Ignore/Cancel? Ignore
    Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to
    continue?
    Yes/No? Yes                                                               
    Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sdb (Device or resource busy).  As a
    result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.
    (parted) mkpart primary 0 500      #<==创建主分区,大小为500MB                                        
    Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
    Ignore/Cancel? Ignore                                                     
    Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sdb (Device or resource busy).  As a
    result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.
    (parted) p            #<==显示分区表信息                                                    
    Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
    Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
    Partition Table: gpt
     
    Number  Start   End    Size   File system  Name     Flags
    1      17.4kB  500MB  500MB               primary
     
    (parted) mkpart logical 501 1000      #<==创建逻辑分区,大小为500MB                                    
    Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sdb (Device or resource busy).  As a
    result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.
    (parted) p                                                                
    Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
    Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
    Partition Table: gpt
     
    Number  Start   End     Size   File system  Name     Flags
    1      17.4kB  500MB   500MB               primary
    2      501MB   1000MB  499MB               logical      #<-第一个逻辑分区已创建完毕。
     
    (parted) quit                                                             
    [root@cs6 ~]# ls /dev/sdb*    #<==查看己分的分区,parted分区是即时生效的,没有保存的步骤。
    /dev/sdb  /dev/sdb1  /dev/sdb2 
    
    
    
    范例:非交互式分区(批量分区)案例
    
    步骤1:先删除前面分的区。
    
    [root@cs6 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
    GNU Parted 2.1
    Using /dev/sdb
    Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
    (parted) p                                                                
    Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
    Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
    Partition Table: gpt
     
    Number  Start   End     Size   File system  Name     Flags
    1      17.4kB  500MB   500MB               primary
    2      501MB   1000MB  499MB               logical
     
    (parted) rm 1                                                             
    (parted) rm 2                                                             
    (parted) p                                                                
    Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
    Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
    Partition Table: gpt
     
    Number  Start  End  Size  File system  Name  Flags
     
    (parted) quit                                                             
    Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.                           
     
    [root@cs6 ~]# ls /dev/sd*
    /dev/sda  /dev/sda1  /dev/sda2  /dev/sdb
     
    
    步骤2:非交互创建分区命令。
    
    [root@cs6 ~]# parted /dev/sdb mklabel gpt Yes    #<=非交互创建分区的实质上就是将在交互窗口执行的命令作为参数。
    Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to
    continue?
    Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.                           
     
    [root@cs6 ~]# parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 0 500
    Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
    Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.                           
     
    [root@cs6 ~]# parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary  500 1000
    Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.                           
     
    [root@cs6 ~]# parted /dev/sdb p    #<==查看分区结果。
    Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
    Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
    Partition Table: gpt
     
    Number  Start   End     Size   File system  Name     Flags
    1      17.4kB  500MB   500MB               primary
    2      500MB   1000MB  500MB               primary



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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/l10n/p/14202450.html
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