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  • C#操作SQLite

    C# SQLite
    地址:

    System.Data.Sqlite入手。。。
    首先import/using:
     
    代码
    using System.Data.SQLite; 
    Connection和Command:
    代码
    private SQLiteConnection conn; 
             
            private SQLiteCommand cmd; 
    连接db:
    代码
    conn = new SQLiteConnection("Data Source=c:\test.db"); 
                    conn.Open(); 
    INSERT/UPDATE:
    代码
    cmd = conn.CreateCommand(); 
    cmd.CommandText = "INSERT INTO user(email,name) VALUES ('email','name')"; 
    cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 
     
    cmd.CommandText = "UPDATE userSET name = 'Codelicious' WHERE ID = 1"; 
    cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 
    SELECT:
    代码
    cmd.CommandText = "SELECT ID, name FROM user"; 
    SQLiteDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader(); 
    if (reader.HasRows) 
                { 
                    while (reader.Read()) 
                    { 
                        Console.WriteLine("ID: " + reader.GetInt16(0)); 
                        Console.WriteLine("name: " + reader.GetString(1)); 
                    } 
                }
     

    模板程序:
    using System;
     using System.Data;
     using System.Data.Common;
     using System.Data.SQLite;
     namespace SQLiteQueryBrowser
     {
             /// <summary>
             /// 说明:这是一个针对System.Data.SQLite的数据库常规操作封装的通用类。 
             /// </summary>
             public class SQLiteDBHelper
             {
                     private string connectionString = string.Empty;
                     /// <summary>
                     /// 构造函数
                     /// </summary>
                     /// <param name="dbPath">SQLite数据库文件路径</param>
                     public SQLiteDBHelper(string dbPath)
                     {
                             this.connectionString = "Data Source=" + dbPath;
                     }
                     /// <summary>
                     /// 创建SQLite数据库文件
                     /// </summary>
                     /// <param name="dbPath">要创建的SQLite数据库文件路径</param>
                     public static void CreateDB(string dbPath)
                     {
                             using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection("Data Source=" + dbPath))
                             {
                                     connection.Open();
                                     using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(connection))
                                     {
                                             command.CommandText = "CREATE TABLE Demo(id integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE)";
                                             command.ExecuteNonQuery();
                                             command.CommandText = "DROP TABLE Demo";
                                             command.ExecuteNonQuery();
                                     }
                             }
                     }
                     /// <summary>
                     /// 对SQLite数据库执行增删改操作,返回受影响的行数。
                     /// </summary>
                     /// <param name="sql">要执行的增删改的SQL语句</param>
                     /// <param name="parameters">执行增删改语句所需要的参数,参数必须以它们在SQL语句中的顺序为准</param>
                     /// <returns></returns>
                     public int ExecuteNonQuery(string sql, SQLiteParameter[] parameters)
                     {
                             int affectedRows = 0;
                             using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
                             {
                                     connection.Open();
                                     using (DbTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction())
                                     {
                                             using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(connection))
                                             {
                                                     command.CommandText = sql;
                                                     if (parameters != null)
                                                     {
                                                             command.Parameters.AddRange(parameters);
                                                     }
                                                     affectedRows = command.ExecuteNonQuery();
                                             }
                                             transaction.Commit();
                                     }
                             }
                             return affectedRows;
                     }
                     /// <summary>
                     /// 执行一个查询语句,返回一个关联的SQLiteDataReader实例
                     /// </summary>
                     /// <param name="sql">要执行的查询语句</param>
                     /// <param name="parameters">执行SQL查询语句所需要的参数,参数必须以它们在SQL语句中的顺序为准</param>
                     /// <returns></returns>
                     public SQLiteDataReader ExecuteReader(string sql, SQLiteParameter[] parameters)
                     {
                             SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString);
                             SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(sql, connection);
                             if (parameters != null)
                             {
                                     command.Parameters.AddRange(parameters);
                             }
                             connection.Open();
                             return command.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection);
                     }
                     /// <summary>
                     /// 执行一个查询语句,返回一个包含查询结果的DataTable
                     /// </summary>
                     /// <param name="sql">要执行的查询语句</param>
                     /// <param name="parameters">执行SQL查询语句所需要的参数,参数必须以它们在SQL语句中的顺序为准</param>
                     /// <returns></returns>
                     public DataTable ExecuteDataTable(string sql, SQLiteParameter[] parameters)
                     {
                             using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
                             {
                                     using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(sql, connection))
                                     {
                                             if (parameters != null)
                                             {
                                                     command.Parameters.AddRange(parameters);
                                             }
                                             SQLiteDataAdapter adapter = new SQLiteDataAdapter(command);
                                             DataTable data = new DataTable();
                                             adapter.Fill(data);
                                             return data;
                                     }
                             }
                             
                     }
                     /// <summary>
                     /// 执行一个查询语句,返回查询结果的第一行第一列
                     /// </summary>
                     /// <param name="sql">要执行的查询语句</param>
                     /// <param name="parameters">执行SQL查询语句所需要的参数,参数必须以它们在SQL语句中的顺序为准</param>
                     /// <returns></returns>
                     public Object ExecuteScalar(string sql, SQLiteParameter[] parameters)
                     {
                             using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
                             {
                                     using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(sql, connection))
                                     {
                                             if (parameters != null)
                                             {
                                                     command.Parameters.AddRange(parameters);
                                             }
                                             SQLiteDataAdapter adapter = new SQLiteDataAdapter(command);
                                             DataTable data = new DataTable();
                                             adapter.Fill(data);
                                             return data;
                                     }
                             }
                     }
                     /// <summary>
                     /// 查询数据库中的所有数据类型信息
                     /// </summary>
                     /// <returns></returns>
                     public DataTable GetSchema()
                     {
                             using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
                             {
                                     connection.Open();
                                     DataTable data=connection.GetSchema("TABLES");
                                     connection.Close();
                                     //foreach (DataColumn column in data.Columns)
                                     //{
                                     //        Console.WriteLine(column.ColumnName);
                                     //}
                                     return data;
                             }
                     }
             }
     }
     
    完整的程序例子:
    using System;
     using System.Collections.Generic;
     using System.Text;
     using System.Data;
     using System.Data.Common;
     using System.Data.SQLite;
     using SQLiteQueryBrowser;
     namespace SQLiteDemo
     {
             class Program
             {
                     static void Main(string[] args)
                     {
                             //CreateTable();
                             //InsertData();
                             ShowData();
                             Console.ReadLine();
                     }
                     public static void CreateTable()
                     {
                             string dbPath = "D:\Demo.db3";
                             //如果不存在改数据库文件,则创建该数据库文件
                             if (!System.IO.File.Exists(dbPath))
                             {
                                     SQLiteDBHelper.CreateDB("D:\Demo.db3");
                             }
                             SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\Demo.db3");
                             string sql = "CREATE TABLE Test3(id integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE,Name char(3),TypeName varchar(50),addDate datetime,UpdateTime Date,Time time,Comments blob)";
                             db.ExecuteNonQuery(sql, null);
                     }
                     public static void InsertData()
                     {
                             string sql = "INSERT INTO Test3(Name,TypeName,addDate,UpdateTime,Time,Comments)values(@Name,@TypeName,@addDate,@UpdateTime,@Time,@Comments)";
                             SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\Demo.db3");
                             for (char c = "A"; c <= "Z"; c++)
                             {
                                     for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
                                     {
                                             SQLiteParameter[] parameters = new SQLiteParameter[]{
                                                     new SQLiteParameter("@Name",c+i.ToString()),
                                             new SQLiteParameter("@TypeName",c.ToString()),
                                             new SQLiteParameter("@addDate",DateTime.Now),
                                             new SQLiteParameter("@UpdateTime",DateTime.Now.Date),
                                             new SQLiteParameter("@Time",DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString()),
                                             new SQLiteParameter("@Comments","Just a Test"+i)
                                             };
                                             db.ExecuteNonQuery(sql, parameters);
                                     }
                             }
                     }
                     public static void ShowData()
                     {
                             //查询从50条起的20条记录
                             string sql = "select * from test3 order by id desc limit 50 offset 20";
                             SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\Demo.db3");
                             using (SQLiteDataReader reader = db.ExecuteReader(sql, null))
                             {
                                     while (reader.Read())
                                     {
                                             Console.WriteLine("ID:{0},TypeName{1}", reader.GetInt64(0), reader.GetString(1));
                                     }
                             }
                     }
     
             }
     }

    在实际情况中,采用通用类大批量插入数据会有些慢,这是因为在System.Data.SQLite中的操作如果没有指定操作,则会被当做一个事物,如果需要一次性写入大量记录,则建议显式创建一个事物,在这个事务中完成所有的操作比较好,这样的话比每次操作创建一个事物的效率要提升很多。
    最终利用VS2008提供的功能,可以看到里面的数据如下:
    需要说明的是在System.Data.SQLite中数据类型的规定不适很严格,从创建Test3表的SQL语句来看,表中addDate、UpdateTime、Time分别是DateTime、Date、Time类型字段,但实际上我们插入的时候没有按照这个规定,最终显示的结果也是尽量遵循数据库字段的定义。
    总结
    System.Data.SQLite确实是一个非常小巧精悍的数据库,作为对SQLite的封装(SQLite可以在Android等类型的手机上利用Java访问),它依然是体较小,同比性能高、内存消耗小、无需安装仅需一个dll就可以运行的优点(如果在Mobile手机上则需要两个文件),唯一的一个缺点是没有比较的GUI(图形用户界面),不过正因为如此它才得以体积小。
    在实际开发中没有图形用户界面可能有些不便,我们可以使用VS来查看和操作数据,我自己也做了一个小东东,便于管理和维护数据,界面如下:
    如果你要开发数据量在10万条以下的应用,我建议你尝试使用一下System.Data.SQLite,它或许是一个不错的选择。

          public static void CreateTable()
            {
                string dbPath = "D:\Demo.db3";
                //如果不存在改数据库文件,则创建该数据库文件
                if (!System.IO.File.Exists(dbPath))
                {
                    SQLiteDBHelper.CreateDB("D:\Demo.db3");
                }
                SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\Demo.db3");
                string sql = "CREATE TABLE Test3(id integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE,Name char(3),TypeName varchar(50),addDate datetime,UpdateTime Date,Time time,Comments blob)";
                db.ExecuteNonQuery(sql, null);
            }
            public static void InsertData()
            {
                string sql = "INSERT INTO Test3(Name,TypeName,addDate,UpdateTime,Time,Comments)values(@Name,@TypeName,@addDate,@UpdateTime,@Time,@Comments)";
                SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\Demo.db3");
                for (char c = "A"; c <= "Z"; c++)
                {
                    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
                    {
                        SQLiteParameter[] parameters = new SQLiteParameter[]{
                                                     new SQLiteParameter("@Name",c+i.ToString()),
                                             new SQLiteParameter("@TypeName",c.ToString()),
                                             new SQLiteParameter("@addDate",DateTime.Now),
                                             new SQLiteParameter("@UpdateTime",DateTime.Now.Date),
                                             new SQLiteParameter("@Time",DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString()),
                                             new SQLiteParameter("@Comments","Just a Test"+i)
                                             };
                        db.ExecuteNonQuery(sql, parameters);
                    }
                }
            }
            public static void ShowData()
            {
                //查询从50条起的20条记录
                string sql = "select * from test3 order by id desc limit 50 offset 20";
                SQLiteDBHelper db = new SQLiteDBHelper("D:\Demo.db3");
                using (SQLiteDataReader reader = db.ExecuteReader(sql, null))
                {
                    while (reader.Read())
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("ID:{0},TypeName{1}", reader.GetInt64(0), reader.GetString(1));
                    }
                }
            }

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lanzhi/p/6467907.html
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