JAVA实用案例之邮件发送

最近有朋友问邮件怎么发送，就简单写了个demo，因为懒得找jar包，所以项目是创建的maven工程，具体的maven引用的jar如下：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.4</version>
</dependency>


<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/mail -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
    <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
    <version>1.4</version>
</dependency>

然后代码见下：

1、整合demo

因为QQ是https所以中间多了一段，还有就是如果自己搭的邮件服务器可以填写密码，而不用授权码了，这里我是用的QQ邮箱，所以邮箱要先开启SMTP/POP3服务

package com.allan.until;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

public class MailUtil  {
    private String email;// 收件人邮箱
    private String code;// 激活码

    public MailUtil(String email, String code) {
        this.email = email;
        this.code = code;
    }

    public void sendMail() {
        // 1.创建连接对象javax.mail.Session
        // 2.创建邮件对象 javax.mail.Message
        // 3.发送一封激活邮件
        String from = "XXX@qq.com";// 发件人电子邮箱
        String host = "smtp.qq.com"; // 指定发送邮件的主机smtp.qq.com(QQ)|smtp.163.com(网易)

        //Properties properties = System.getProperties();// 获取系统属性
        Properties properties =new Properties();

        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);// 设置邮件服务器
        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");// 打开认证

        try {
            //QQ邮箱需要下面这段代码，163邮箱不需要
            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
            properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
            properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);


            // 1.获取默认session对象
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
                public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                    return new PasswordAuthentication("XXX@qq.com", "XXX"); // 发件人邮箱账号、授权码
                }
            });

            // 2.创建邮件对象
            Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
            // 2.1设置发件人
            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
            // 2.2设置接收人
            message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(email));
            // 2.3设置邮件主题
            message.setSubject("账号激活");
            // 2.4设置邮件内容
            String content = "验证码："+ code;
            message.setContent(content, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            // 3.发送邮件
            Transport.send(message);
            System.out.println("邮件成功发送!");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

 附件版：

package com.aitou.operation.utils;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
import javax.mail.util.ByteArrayDataSource;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

public class MailUtil {
    /** 
     *  
     * 方法名: sendMail  
     * 描述: 发送邮件 
     * 创建人: zhangzhuo
     * 参数: @param subject 
     * 参数: @param toMail 
     * 参数: @param content 
     * 参数: @param files 
     * 参数: @return 
     * 返回类型: boolean 
     */  
    public static boolean sendMail(String fromMail, String password, String subject, String toMail, String content,
            List<InputStream> listIs, List<String> listName) {    
        boolean isFlag = false;    
        try {    
            String smtpFromMail = fromMail;  //账号    
            String pwd = password; //密码    
            String host = "smtp.qq.com"; //端口    
    
            Properties props = new Properties();
            props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
            props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
            //QQ邮箱
            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
            props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
            props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);
            
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props);
            session.setDebug(false);    

            MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
            try {    
                message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(smtpFromMail));
                message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(toMail));
                message.setSubject(subject);
                message.addHeader("charset", "UTF-8");
                    
                /*添加正文内容*/    
                Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
                BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
                contentPart.setText(content);
    
                //contentPart.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=UTF-8");
                multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
                    
                /*添加附件*/
                for (int i = 0; i < listIs.size(); i++) {
                    MimeBodyPart fileBody = new MimeBodyPart();
                    DataSource source = new ByteArrayDataSource(listIs.get(i), "application/msexcel");
                    fileBody.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
                    String fileName  = listName.get(i);
                    // 中文乱码问题  
                    fileBody.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(fileName));
                    multipart.addBodyPart(fileBody);
                }
    
                message.setContent(multipart);
                message.setSentDate(new Date());
                message.saveChanges();
                Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
    
                transport.connect(host, smtpFromMail, pwd);
                transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
                transport.close();
                isFlag = true;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                isFlag = false;
            }    
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return isFlag;
    }    
}

2、spring整合javamail

工具提取：

public class MailUtil {
    
    
    /**
     * 发送电子邮件
     * @param addr 收件人地址
     * @param subject 主题
     * @param text 内容
     * @throws MessagingException
     */
    public static void sendMail(String addr,String subject,String text) throws MessagingException{
        Properties props=new Properties();
        props.put("mail.smtp.host","smtp.sina.com");
        props.put("mail.smtp.auth","true");
        Session session=Session.getInstance(props);
        //构造信息体 
        MimeMessage message =new MimeMessage(session);
         //发件地址 
        Address address = new InternetAddress("wwwitcastcn@sina.com"); 
        message.setFrom(address);
        //收件地址 
        Address toAddress = new InternetAddress(addr); 
        message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);
        //主题 
        message.setSubject(subject);
        //正文 
        message.setText(text);
        message.saveChanges();
        Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp"); 
        transport.connect("smtp.sina.com", "wwwitcastcn@sina.com", "itcast"); //发送 
        transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
        transport.close();
        
    }
    
}

Spring对javamail的支持：

Spring邮件抽象层的主要包为org.springframework.mail。它包括了发送电子邮件的主要接口MailSender，和其对象SimpleMailMessage，它封装了简单邮件的属性如from, to,cc, subject,text。 包里还包含一棵以MailException为根的checked Exception继承树，它们提供了对底层邮件系统异常的高级别抽象。 要获得关于邮件异常层次的更丰富的信息。

为了使用JavaMail中的一些特色, 比如MIME类型的信件, spring提供了MailSender的一个子接口, 即org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender。Spring还提供了一个回调接口org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessagePreparator, 用于准备JavaMail的MIME信件。

这里简单的介绍了如何使用spring发送各种形式的邮件以及配置。

1、在src目录下建立mail.properties文件里边包含一下内容

mail.host=smtp.qq.com

mail.username=你的邮箱名
mail.password=你的邮箱密码
mail.from=发送方的邮箱

2、使用spring配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans
          xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
 <!-- 加载Properties文件 -->  
    <beanid="configurer"class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
        <propertyname="locations">  
            <list>  
                <value>classpath:mail.properties</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <beanid="mailMessage"class="org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage">  
        <propertyname="from">  
            <value>${mail.from}</value>  
        </property>  
        <!-- 查看SimpleMailMessage源码还可以注入标题,内容等 -->  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 申明JavaMailSenderImpl对象 -->  
    <beanid="mailSender"class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">  
        <propertyname="defaultEncoding"value="UTF-8"/>  
        <propertyname="host"value="${mail.host}"/>  
        <propertyname="username"value="${mail.username}"/>  
        <propertyname="password"value="${mail.password}"/>  
        <propertyname="javaMailProperties">  
            <props>  
                <!-- 设置认证开关 -->  
                <propkey="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop>  
                <!-- 启动调试开关 -->  
                <propkey="mail.debug">true</prop>  
                <!-- 设置发送延时 -->
                <propkey="mail.smtp.timeout">0</prop>
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
</beans>

3、发送简单邮件

importjavax.mail.MessagingException; 
importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.mail.MailSender;
importorg.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
public class SingleMailSend {
    static ApplicationContext actx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    static MailSender sender = (MailSender) actx.getBean("mailSender");
    static SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = (SimpleMailMessage) actx.getBean("mailMessage");

    public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException {
        mailMessage.setSubject("??");
        mailMessage.setText("这个是一个通过Spring框架来发送邮件的小程序"); 
　　　　 mailMessage.setTo("XXX@qq.com"); 
　　　　 sender.send(mailMessage);
 } 
}

4、发送带有图片的邮件，以嵌入HTML的方式

importjava.io.File;
importjavax.mail.MessagingException;
importjavax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; 
importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; 

public class SpringAttachedImageMail {       

public static voidmain(String[] args) throws MessagingException {                
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");              
 JavaMailSenderImpl sender = (JavaMailSenderImpl) ctx.getBean("mailSender");               
MimeMessage mailMessage = sender.createMimeMessage();               
MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage,true);               
messageHelper.setFrom("9197****1@qq.com");               
messageHelper.setTo("9197****1@qq.com");                
messageHelper.setSubject("测试邮件中嵌套图片!！");// true 表示启动HTML格式的邮件               
messageHelper.setText("<html><head></head><body><h1>hello!!spring image html mail</h1>" 
　　　　　　　　　　　　+"<a href=http://www.baidu.com>baidu</a>"  
　　　　　　　　　　　　+ "<img src=cid:image/></body></html>", true);                
FileSystemResource img = new FileSystemResource(new File("单.png"));                
messageHelper.addInline("image", img);//跟cid一致                
sender.send(mailMessage);               
System.out.println("邮件发送成功...");       
}
}

5、发送带附件的邮件

importjava.io.File; 
importjavax.mail.MessagingException;
importjavax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; 
importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; 

public class SpringAttachedImageMail {       

public static voidmain(String[] args) throws MessagingException {                
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");               
JavaMailSenderImpl sender = (JavaMailSenderImpl) ctx.getBean("mailSender");               
MimeMessage mailMessage = sender.createMimeMessage();               
MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage,true);               
messageHelper.setFrom("9197****1@qq.com");               
messageHelper.setTo("9197****1@qq.com");                
messageHelper.setSubject("测试邮件中嵌套图片!！");// true 表示启动HTML格式的邮件               
messageHelper.setText("<html><head></head><body><h1>hello!!spring image html mail</h1>"                                            
　　　　　　　　　　　　+"<a href=http://www.baidu.com>baidu</a>"  
　　　　　　　　　　　　+ "<img src=cid:image/></body></html>", true);                
FileSystemResource img = new FileSystemResource(new File("单.png"));                
messageHelper.addAttachment("单.png", file);//添加到附件                
sender.send(mailMessage);               
System.out.println("邮件发送成功...");       
}
}

 个人备份：

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
import javax.mail.util.ByteArrayDataSource;
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

public class MailUtil {
    /** 
     *  
     * 方法名: sendMail  
     * 描述: 发送邮件 
     * 创建人: zhangzhuo
     * 参数: @param subject 
     * 参数: @param toMail 
     * 参数: @param content 
     * 参数: @param files 
     * 参数: @return 
     * 返回类型: boolean 
     * @throws BaseException 
     */  
    public static boolean sendMail(String fromMail, String password, String subject, String toMail, String content,
            List<InputStream> listIs, List<String> listName) throws Exception {    
        boolean isFlag = false;
        String smtpFromMail = fromMail;//账号
        String pwd = password; //密码
        String host = "smtp.qq.com"; //端口

        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
        props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
        //QQ邮箱
        MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
        sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
        props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
        props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props);
        session.setDebug(false);    

        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
        try {    
            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(smtpFromMail));
            message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(toMail));
            message.setSubject(subject);
            message.addHeader("charset", "UTF-8");

            /*添加正文内容*/    
            Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
            BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
            contentPart.setText(content);

            //contentPart.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=UTF-8");
            multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);

            /*添加附件*/
            for (int i = 0; i < listIs.size(); i++) {
                MimeBodyPart fileBody = new MimeBodyPart();
                DataSource source = new ByteArrayDataSource(listIs.get(i), "application/msexcel");
                fileBody.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
                String fileName  = listName.get(i);
                // 中文乱码问题  
                fileBody.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(fileName));
                multipart.addBodyPart(fileBody);
            }

            message.setContent(multipart);
            message.setSentDate(new Date());
            message.saveChanges();
            Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");

            transport.connect(host, smtpFromMail, pwd);
            transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
            transport.close();
            isFlag = true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            isFlag = false;
        }
        return isFlag;
    }
}