launch.json

{
    // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。 
    // 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。
    // 欲了解更多信息，请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Python: run",
            "type": "python",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/run.py",
            "console": "integratedTerminal",
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/logs"
        },
        {
            "name": "Python: 当前文件",
            "type": "python",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${file}",
            "console": "integratedTerminal",
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            // 这个没有效果
            "env": {
                "pythonpath": "E:\project\maipu1123",
                // 这个生效
                "qwepath": "E:\project"
                // 这个不生效
            },
            // "env": {"pythonpath":"E:\projectmaipu1123"}
            // "justMyCode": false
            // 指定是否启用子进程调试。默认为false，设置true为启用。有关详细信息
        }
    ]
}

https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/debugging