DX 绘制位图

简单地学习了四个API：

HRESULT CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(
  [in]           UINT Width, // 宽度
  [in]           UINT Height,  // 高度
  [in]           D3DFORMAT Format, // 像素格式
  [in]           D3DPOOL Pool, // 内存池类型
  [out, retval]  IDirect3DSurface9 **ppSurface, // 返回的表面的指针
  [in]           HANDLE *pSharedHandle // 一般为NULL
);

HRESULT GetBackBuffer(
  [in]           UINT  iSwapChain, // 交换链索引，0为默认的交换链
  [in]           UINT BackBuffer,  // 后备缓冲索引，从0开始，指定要得到的后备缓冲
  [in]           D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE Type, // DX只支持D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO
  [out, retval]  IDirect3DSurface9 **ppBackBuffer// 返回的指针
); 

HRESULT ColorFill(
  [in]  IDirect3DSurface9 *pSurface, // 要填充的表面
  [in]  const RECT *pRect, // 填充的矩形
  [in]  D3DCOLOR color // 填充的颜色
);

HRESULT StretchRect(
  [in]  IDirect3DSurface9 *pSourceSurface, //  源表面
  [in]  const RECT *pSourceRect, // 源表面的矩形
  [in]  IDirect3DSurface9 *pDestSurface, // 目的表面
  [in]  const RECT *pDestRect, // 目的表面的矩形
  [in]  D3DTEXTUREFILTERTYPE Filter // 过滤
);

#include <windows.h>
#include <d3dx9.h>

#define SCREEN_W 800
#define SCREEN_H 600
#define APPNAME "myGame"
#define CLASSNAME "wndClass"


IDirect3D9 *pD3D = NULL;
IDirect3DDevice9 *pD3DDev = NULL;
IDirect3DSurface9* pSur = NULL;
IDirect3DSurface9* pBackSur = NULL;

#define SAFE_RELEASE(p) 
    if (p) {            
        p->Release();    
        p = NULL;        
    }

LRESULT WINAPI WndProc(HWND hWnd,UINT msg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;
    switch (msg)
    {
//    case WM_PAINT:
//        {
//            BeginPaint(hWnd,&ps);
//            EndPaint(hWnd,&ps);
//            return 0;
//        }
    case WM_DESTROY:
        {
            PostQuitMessage(0);
            return 0;
        }
    }

    return DefWindowProc(hWnd,msg,wParam,lParam);
}
void initWndClass(HINSTANCE hInstance,WNDCLASSEX &wndClass)
{
    wndClass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wndClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wndClass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
    wndClass.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wndClass.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wndClass.hInstance = hInstance;
    wndClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION);
    wndClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);
    wndClass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH);
    wndClass.lpszClassName = TEXT(CLASSNAME);
    wndClass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    wndClass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_WINLOGO);
}

bool initD3D(HWND hWnd)
{

    // 主要目的是获取设备,为调用下面的函数做很多准备。
    // 比如 获取IDirect3D9 ,获取支持的顶点处理，填充后备缓冲相关参数等。

    // IDirect3D9::CreateDevice(
    //UINT Adapter,
    //D3DDEVTYPE DeviceType,
    //HWND hFocusWindow,
    //DWORD BehaviorFlags,
    //D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS *pPresentationParameters,
    //IDirect3DDevice9 ** ppReturnDeviceInterface
    //);

    // 第一步 获取 IDirect3D9 接口
    // Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
    pD3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
    if (NULL == pD3D)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("NULL == pD3D"),NULL,MB_OK);
        return false;
    }
     // 第二步 确定显卡是否支持顶点转换和光照
    // 通过获取设备性能，里面包含顶点处理，纹理，shader等信息。
    // pD3D->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,&caps)
    // caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT
    D3DCAPS9 caps;
    pD3D->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,&caps);

    int vp = 0;
    if (caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT)
    {
        vp = D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
    }
    else
    {
        vp = D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
    }

  
    // 第三步 填充显示参数，主要是和后备缓冲相关的设置。
    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D24S8;
    d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;
    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8;
    d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = SCREEN_H;
    d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = SCREEN_W;
    d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;
    //d3dpp.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = 0; // 屏幕刷新频率，默认值即可
    d3dpp.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT; // 屏幕刷新频率，默认值即可
    d3dpp.Windowed = true;
    d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hWnd; // 窗口句柄。
    d3dpp.MultiSampleQuality = 0;
    d3dpp.MultiSampleType = D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE;
    //d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE; 
    d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_DEFAULT; 
    // D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE 图形绘制完后立即显示，实时的,可以提高帧率，但过快会产生图形撕裂。
    // D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_DEFAULT 则需等待屏幕刷新完后绘制
    d3dpp.Flags = 0;        // 附加特性一般为0.

//    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; // 这个一定要赋值（即使初始化为0），枚举值从1开始
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_COPY; // 这个一定要赋值（即使初始化为0），枚举值从1开始
    //d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_FLIP; // 这个一定要赋值（即使初始化为0），枚举值从1开始
    // 使用FLIP 屏幕有很强的抖动,难道是交换链的切换和显示不同步所致？？。
    // 


    // 第四步 创建设备。
    
    // IDirect3D9::CreateDevice(
    //UINT Adapter,
    //D3DDEVTYPE DeviceType,
    //HWND hFocusWindow,
    //DWORD BehaviorFlags,
    //D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS *pPresentationParameters,
    //IDirect3DDevice9 ** ppReturnDeviceInterface
    //);

    pD3D->CreateDevice(
        D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
        D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
        hWnd,
        vp,
        &d3dpp,
        &pD3DDev
        );

    if (NULL == pD3DDev)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("NULL == pD3DDev"),NULL,MB_OK);
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

void Release()
{
    SAFE_RELEASE(pD3D);
    SAFE_RELEASE(pD3DDev);
    SAFE_RELEASE(pSur);
    SAFE_RELEASE(pBackSur);
}

void initSurface()
{
    if (pD3DDev)
    {
        pD3DDev->CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(
            100,100,D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8,
            D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,
            &pSur,
            NULL);
        pD3DDev->GetBackBuffer(0,0,D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO,&pBackSur);
        // GetBackBuffer()得到的是后备缓冲表面的指针。
        pD3DDev->Clear(0,0,D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER,D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0,0,0,0),1.0,0 );
    }
}
void Render()
{
    if (pD3DDev)
    {
        //pD3DDev->Clear(0,0,D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER,D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0,0,0,0),1.0,0 );

        pD3DDev->ColorFill(pSur,NULL,D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0,rand() % 255,rand() % 255,rand() % 255));

        // 目的表面随机一个矩形
        RECT rect;
        rect.left =    rand() % SCREEN_W;
        rect.top = rand() %  SCREEN_H;
        rect.right = rect.left + rand() % (SCREEN_W - rect.left);
        rect.bottom = rect.top + rand() % (SCREEN_H - rect.top);

        pD3DDev->BeginScene();

        if (pSur && pBackSur)
        {
            pD3DDev->StretchRect(pSur,NULL,pBackSur,&rect,D3DTEXF_NONE);
            // StretchRect()
            // 它要求源和目的表面的内存池类型为D3DPOOL_DEFAULT。
            // 并且不能再同一表面操作：。
        }

        pD3DDev->EndScene();
        pD3DDev->Present(0,0,0,0);
    }
}

int WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,LPSTR lpCmdLine,int nShowCmd)
{
    HWND hWnd;

    WNDCLASSEX wndClass;
    initWndClass(hInstance,wndClass);

    RegisterClassEx(&wndClass);

    hWnd = CreateWindow(
        TEXT(CLASSNAME),
        TEXT(APPNAME),
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        SCREEN_W,
        SCREEN_H,
        NULL,
        NULL,
        hInstance,
        NULL
        );

    if (NULL == hWnd)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("NULL == hWnd"),NULL,MB_OK);
        return 0;
    }

    if (!initD3D(hWnd))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("initD3D"),NULL,MB_OK);
        Release();
        return 0;
    }

    initSurface();

    UpdateWindow(hWnd);
    ShowWindow(hWnd,nShowCmd); 
    MSG msg;
    while (true)
    {
        if ( PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE) )
        {
            if (WM_QUIT == msg.message)
            {
                break;
            }
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
        else 
        {
            Render();
        }
    }
    Release();
    return msg.lParam;
}