实时控制软件设计第二周作业-停车场门禁控制系统状态机

画出动作转换图为：

使用模块化设计,将起落杆、出入传感器和通行灯设计成四个模块，分别继承设计好的系统模块接口：

//FSM_Interface.h
#pragma once

namespace FSM
{
    
    class ISystemUnit                        //系统单元接口        
    {
    public:
        
        virtual void Initialize() = 0;            //初始化

        virtual void Execute() = 0;                //执行动作

        virtual void SetState(bool state) = 0;        //更改状态

        virtual bool GetState() const = 0;        //获得当前状态

        virtual void Shutdown() = 0;            //关闭

    protected:

        bool State;
    };
}        

//FSM.h
#pragma once

#include "FSM_Interface.h"
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

#define Up       true
#define Down     false
#define Green    true
#define Red      false
#define CarIn    true
#define CarOut    false

#ifdef _IOSTREAM_
#define ErrorReport(ERR)
        {
            cout << #ERR << endl;
        }

#define StateReport(STATE)
        {
            cout << #STATE << endl;
        }
#else
#define ErrorReport(ERR)
#define StateReport(STATE)
#endif

namespace FSM
{
    class ControlSystem sealed                    　//控制系统类
    {
    public:

        void SystemInitialize();                　　//系统初始化
            
        void SystemShutdown();                   　 //系统关闭

        void Update(bool CarState);                 //根据车的进入或进出状态更新系统状态

        static ControlSystem* GetInstance();   　　 //单例模式

    private:

        static ControlSystem* pInstance;       　　 //指向该单例的指针

        ControlSystem();                       　　 //不允许显式创建对象
        ~ControlSystem();
    };

    class LiftLever :public ISystemUnit            //栏杆类
    {
    public:

        static LiftLever* GetInstance();

        void Initialize();

        void Shutdown();

        void Execute();

        void SetState(bool state);

        bool GetState() const;

    private:

        bool State = Down;

        static LiftLever* pInstance;

        LiftLever();
        ~LiftLever();
    };

    class InSensor :public ISystemUnit            //入闸传感器类
    {
    public:

        static InSensor* GetInstance();

        void Initialize();

        void Shutdown();

        void Execute();

        void SetState(bool state);

        bool GetState() const;

    private:

        bool State = false;

        static InSensor* pInstance;

        InSensor();
        ~InSensor();
    };

    class OutSensor :public ISystemUnit            //出闸传感器类
    {
    public:

        static OutSensor* GetInstance();

        void Initialize();

        void Shutdown();

        void Execute();

        void SetState(bool state);

        bool GetState() const;

    private:

        bool State = false;

        static OutSensor* pInstance;

        OutSensor();
        ~OutSensor();
    };

    class Light :public ISystemUnit                //信号灯类
    {
    public:

        static Light* GetInstance();

        void Initialize();

        void Shutdown();

        void Execute();

        void SetState(bool state);

        bool GetState() const;

    private:

        bool State = Red;

        static Light* pInstance;

        Light();
        ~Light();
    };

}

//FSM.cpp
#include "FSM.h"

namespace FSM
{
    ControlSystem* ControlSystem::pInstance = nullptr;

    ControlSystem * ControlSystem::GetInstance()
    {
        if (pInstance == nullptr)
        {
            pInstance = new ControlSystem();
        }
        return pInstance;
    }

    void ControlSystem::SystemInitialize()
    {
        LiftLever::GetInstance()->Initialize();
        InSensor::GetInstance()->Initialize();
        OutSensor::GetInstance()->Initialize();
        Light::GetInstance()->Initialize();
    }

    void ControlSystem::SystemShutdown()
    {
        Light::GetInstance()->Shutdown();
        OutSensor::GetInstance()->Shutdown();
        InSensor::GetInstance()->Shutdown();
        LiftLever::GetInstance()->Shutdown();
    }
    
    ControlSystem::ControlSystem()
    {
    }

    ControlSystem::~ControlSystem()
    {
    }

    LiftLever* LiftLever::pInstance = nullptr;

    LiftLever* LiftLever::GetInstance()
    {
        if (pInstance == nullptr)
        {
            pInstance = new LiftLever();
        }
        return pInstance;
    }

    void LiftLever::Initialize()
    {
    }

    void LiftLever::Shutdown()
    {
        if(pInstance)
            delete pInstance;    
    }

    void LiftLever::SetState(bool state)
    {
        State = state;
    }

    bool LiftLever::GetState() const
    {
        return State;
    }

    LiftLever::LiftLever()
    {
    }

    LiftLever::~LiftLever()
    {
    }

    InSensor* InSensor::pInstance = nullptr;

    InSensor* InSensor::GetInstance()
    {
        if (pInstance == nullptr)
        {
            pInstance = new InSensor();
        }
        return pInstance;
    }

    void InSensor::Initialize()
    {
    }

    void InSensor::Shutdown()
    {
        if (pInstance)
            delete pInstance;
    }

    void InSensor::SetState(bool state)
    {
        State = state;
    }

    bool InSensor::GetState() const
    {
        return State;
    }

    InSensor::InSensor()
    {
    }

    InSensor::~InSensor()
    {
    }

    OutSensor* OutSensor::pInstance = nullptr;

    OutSensor* OutSensor::GetInstance()
    {
        if (pInstance == nullptr)
        {
            pInstance = new OutSensor();
        }
        return pInstance;
    }

    void OutSensor::Initialize()
    {
    }

    void OutSensor::Shutdown()
    {
        if (pInstance)
            delete pInstance;
    }

    void OutSensor::SetState(bool state)
    {
        State = state;
    }

    bool OutSensor::GetState() const
    {
        return State;
    }

    OutSensor::OutSensor()
    {
    }

    OutSensor::~OutSensor()
    {
    }

    Light* Light::pInstance = nullptr;

    Light* Light::GetInstance()
    {
        if (pInstance == nullptr)
        {
            pInstance = new Light();
        }
        return pInstance;
    }

    void Light::Initialize()
    {
    }

    void Light::Shutdown()
    {
        if (pInstance)
            delete pInstance;
    }

    void Light::SetState(bool state)
    {
        State = state;
    }

    bool Light::GetState() const
    {
        return State;
    }

    Light::Light()
    {
    }

    Light::~Light()
    {
    }
}

在FSM_Execute.cpp中实现系统响应和模块动作:

//FSM_Execute.cpp
#include "FSM.h"

namespace FSM
{
    void ControlSystem::Update(bool CarState)
    {
        //-----------检测到汽车进入,入闸传感器置为true-----------//
        //------------------触发入闸传感器执行动作---------------//
        if (CarState == CarIn)
        {
            StateReport(Car_In);
            if ((LiftLever::GetInstance()->GetState() == Down)
                && (Light::GetInstance()->GetState() == Red))
            {
                InSensor::GetInstance()->SetState(true);
                StateReport(InSensor_Set_True);
                InSensor::GetInstance()->Execute();
            }
            else
            {
                ErrorReport(Check_State_Of_LiftLever_And_Light);
            }
        }
        //-----------检测到汽车出闸,出闸传感器置为true-----------//
        //------入闸传感器置为true,触发出闸传感器执行动作--------//
        else
        {
            StateReport(Car_Out);
            if ((LiftLever::GetInstance()->GetState() == Up)
                && (Light::GetInstance()->GetState() == Green))
            {
                InSensor::GetInstance()->SetState(false);
                OutSensor::GetInstance()->SetState(true);
                StateReport(InSensor_Set_False);
                StateReport(OutSensor_Set_True);
                OutSensor::GetInstance()->Execute();
            }
            else
            {
                ErrorReport(Check_State_Of_LiftLever_And_Light);
            }
        }
    }

    void LiftLever::Execute()
    {
        if (InSensor::GetInstance()->GetState() == true)    //入闸和出闸时栏杆的执行动作不同
        {
            if (this->State == Up)                            //检查状态是否被正确切换,下同
            {
                Light::GetInstance()->SetState(Green);
                StateReport(Light_Set_Green);
                Light::GetInstance()->Execute();
            }
            else
            {
                ErrorReport(LiftLever_May_Brokendown);
            }
        }
        else if (OutSensor::GetInstance()->GetState() == true)
        {
            if (this->State == Down)
            {
                Light::GetInstance()->SetState(Red);
                OutSensor::GetInstance()->SetState(false);
                StateReport(Light_Set_Red);
                StateReport(OutSensor_Set_False);
            }
            else
            {
                ErrorReport(LiftLever_May_Brokendown);
            }
        }
    }

    void InSensor::Execute()
    {
        if ((LiftLever::GetInstance()->GetState() == Down)
            && (this->State == true))
        {
            LiftLever::GetInstance()->SetState(Up);
            StateReport(LiftLever_Up);
            LiftLever::GetInstance()->Execute();
        }
        else
        {
            ErrorReport(Check_State_Of_LiftLever_Or_The_InSensor_May_Brokedown);
        }
    }

    void OutSensor::Execute()
    {
        if ((this->State == true))
        {
            LiftLever::GetInstance()->SetState(Down);
            StateReport(LiftLever_Down);
            LiftLever::GetInstance()->Execute();
        }
        else
        {
            ErrorReport(OutSensor_May_Brokendown);
        }
    }

    void Light::Execute()
    {
        if ((this->State == Green)
            && (LiftLever::GetInstance()->GetState() == Up))
        {
            ControlSystem::GetInstance()->Update(CarOut);        //在栏杆升起且灯变绿后汽车
        }                                                        //可通行,更新系统状态
        else
        {
            ErrorReport(Light_May_Brokendown);
        }
    }
}

以下为测试程序:

//main.cpp
#include "FSM.h"

using namespace FSM;

int main(void)
{
    ControlSystem::GetInstance()->SystemInitialize();
    ControlSystem::GetInstance()->Update(CarIn);
    ControlSystem::GetInstance()->SystemShutdown();
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

测试程序运行结果: