1. 创建一个maven工程: File->New->Other...
2. 创建完成后的结构如下:
3. 配置pom.xml文件,添加spring-webmvc依赖项
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.leavescy</groupId> <artifactId>FirstSpringMVC</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>FirstSpringMVC Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>HelloSpringMVC</finalName> <plugins> <!-- Config: Maven Tomcat Plugin --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat.maven/tomcat7-maven-plugin --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
4. 创建文件:如果存在就不用创建,否则创建;
HelloWorldController.java为控制器文件;
helloworld.jsp:为要显示的页面;
web.xml:定义Dispatcher Servlet文件
spring-mvc-servlet.xml是Dispatcher Servlet文件
root-context.xml 是要装入的spring配置文件
5. 每个文件是如何配置的:
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" > <display-name>FirstSpringMVC</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/root-context.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
spring-mvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.leavescy.springmvc"/> <context:annotation-config/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix"> <value>/WEB-INF/pages/</value> </property> <property name="suffix"> <value>.jsp</value> </property> </bean> </beans>
root-context.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!-- Empty --> </beans>
helloworld.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>First Spring MVC</title> </head> <body> <h1>${greeting}</h1> </body> </html>
HelloworldController.java
package com.leavescy.springmvc; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller public class HelloWorldController { @RequestMapping("/hello") public String hello(Model model) { model.addAttribute("greeting", "First Spring MVC"); return"helloworld"; } }
6. 构建maven项目:右键单击工程
当出现BUILD SUCCESS,即表示maven项目构建成功
7. 配置Tomcat
点击箭头所示,选择Run configurations->Maven Build->右键New, 如图所示: 这里采用Tomcat7.0版本,因为pom.xml文件中的Tomcat插件是7.0版本的。
点击Apply, Run, 第一次运行会比较慢, 如果没有报错,就表示成功:
在浏览器输入:出现如下结果则表示成功,First Sprng MVC
源码 git地址: https://github.com/leavescy/SpringMVC/tree/FirstSpringMVC, 如果不能运行,请按照该文进行环境配置!
注意事项:
1. 若之前运行成功,重新run时报错,打开任务管理器,查看是否有java进程占用了8080端口,杀死该进程,重新run即可;
2. 若发现输入http://localhost:8080/FirstSpringMVC/hello返回404, 而http://localhost:8080/FirstSpringMVC/有结果,此时需要注意查看WEB-INF目录下是否存在jsp文件,导致配置文件不生效, 如果存在,则删掉该文件即可;
3. <mvc:annotation-driven/>标签起作用是启用注解驱动的配置,但是再Spring4.0之后,就不再需要注册了,因为已经默认注册了;