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  • Spring MVC 事务配置

    Spring MVC事务配置

    要了解事务配置的所有方法,请看一下《Spring事务配置的5种方法

    本文介绍两种配置方法:

    一、      XML,使用tx标签配置拦截器实现事务

    一、      Annotation方式

    以下所使用环境为Spring4.0.3、Hibernate4.3.5

    一、      XML,使用tx标签配置拦截器实现事务

    Entity类User.java,持久化类,对应数据库表user

    package com.lei.demo.entity;
    
    import javax.persistence.*;
    
    @Entity(name="users")
    public class Users {
        
        public Users(){
            super();
        }
        
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
        @Column(name="id")
        private Integer id;
        
        @Column(name="user_name",length=32)
        private String user_name;
        
        @Column(name="age")
        private Integer age;
        
        @Column(name="nice_name",length=32)
        private String nice_name;
        
        //属性实现......
    
    }

    UserDAO.javar,表user的一些操作,其中属性sessionFactory应该由Spring注入,如下:

    package com.lei.demo.dao;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.hibernate.Query;
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    import com.lei.demo.entity.Users;
    
    public class UsersDAO {
        private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    
        public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
            this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
        }
    
        public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
            return sessionFactory;
        }
    
        public List<Users> getAllUser(){
            String hsql="from users";
            Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
            Query query = session.createQuery(hsql);
            
            return query.list();
        }
    }

    UserService.java,业务实现类,如下

    package com.lei.demo.service;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    
    import com.lei.demo.dao.*;
    
    public class UserService {
        private UsersDAO userDao;
        
        public int userCount(){
            return userDao.getAllUser().size();
        }
    
        public UsersDAO getUserDao() {
            return userDao;
        }
    
        public void setUserDao(UsersDAO userDao) {
            this.userDao = userDao;
        }
    
    }

    首先看一下xml配置,spring-hibernate.xml如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
            ">
    
        <!-- Hibernate4 -->
        <!-- 加载资源文件  其中包含变量信息,必须在Spring配置文件的最前面加载,即第一个加载-->
        <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:persistence-mysql.properties" />
        
        <bean id="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
            <property name="packagesToScan">
                <list>
                    <!-- 可以加多个包 -->
                    <value>com.lei.demo.entity</value>
                </list>
            </property>
            <property name="hibernateProperties">
                <props>
                    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
                    <!--  <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop> --> 
                </props>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 数据库映射 -->
        <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
          <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
          <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
          <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" />
          <property name="password" value="${jdbc.pass}" />
       </bean>
       
        <!-- 配置Hibernate事务管理器 -->
        <bean id="transactionManager"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
          <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
       </bean>
       
       <!-- 配置事务异常封装 -->
       <bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" 
           class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />
       
       <!--  声明式容器事务管理 ,transaction-manager指定事务管理器为transactionManager -->
        <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
            <tx:attributes>
                <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
                <tx:method name="get*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
                <tx:method name="*" read-only="true" />
            </tx:attributes>
        </tx:advice>
        
        <aop:config expose-proxy="true">
            <!-- 只对业务逻辑层实施事务 -->
            <aop:pointcut id="txPointcut" expression="execution(* com.lei.demo.service..*.*(..))" />
            <!-- Advisor定义,切入点和通知分别为txPointcut、txAdvice -->
            <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="txPointcut" advice-ref="txAdvice"/>
        </aop:config>
        
    </beans>

    其中主要配置中是tx:adviceaop:config两个配置节,以Spring AOP的方式实现事务管理。

    tx:advice配置了事务的管理者是transactionManager,同时tx:method也规定了如果方法名匹配“add*”和“get*”方法时使用事务,propagation是设定事务的传播级别。除了“add*”和“get*”方法,其他的方法的事务是只读的(典型地,对于只执行查询的事务你会将该属性设为true,如果出现了更新、插入或是删除语句时只读事务就会失败)

    aop:config指定了一个aop:pointcut去引用上边的advice。

    这样就通过AOP的拦截机制实现了事务,当然你还要用Spring的方式自己配置UserDAO和UserService。

    二、      Annotation方式

    第一步,首先看一下web.xml,如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
        xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
        xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
            http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" 
            id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
      <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:/spring-*.xml</param-value>
      </context-param>
      <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
      </listener>
      <servlet>
        <servlet-name>lei-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:/lei-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>lei-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>

    第二步,spring-hibernate配置,见以下spring-hibernate.xml配置

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
            ">
    
        <!-- Hibernate4 -->
        <!-- 加载资源文件  其中包含变量信息,必须在Spring配置文件的最前面加载,即第一个加载-->
        <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:persistence-mysql.properties" />
        
        <bean id="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
            <property name="packagesToScan">
                <list>
                    <!-- 可以加多个包 -->
                    <value>com.lei.demo.entity</value>
                </list>
            </property>
            <property name="hibernateProperties">
                <props>
                    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
                    <!--  <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop> --> 
                </props>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 数据库映射 -->
        <!--  class="org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource" -->
        <!--  class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" -->
        <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
          <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
          <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
          <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" />
          <property name="password" value="${jdbc.pass}" />
       </bean>
       
        <!-- 配置Hibernate事务管理器 -->
        <bean id="transactionManager"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
          <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
       </bean>
       
       <!-- 配置事务异常封装 -->
       <bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" 
           class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />
    
    </beans>

    第一节中xml配置事务中需要通过配置tx:advice和aop:config来增加事务的功能。此处采用全注释方法,这两个配置节就不需要了。

    相应的需要在视图解析配置中启用注释,如下lei-dispatcher-servlet.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
            ">
            
        <!-- 启动自动扫描 该包下所有的Bean(@Controller) -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.lei.demo" />
        
        <!-- 基于注释的事务,当注释中发现@Transactional时,使用id为“transactionManager”的事务管理器  -->
        <!-- 如果没有设置transaction-manager的值,则spring以缺省默认的事务管理器来处理事务,默认事务管理器为第一个加载的事务管理器 -->
        <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
        
        <!-- 定义视图解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix">
                <value>/WEB-INF/user/</value>
            </property>
            <property name="suffix">
                <value>.jsp</value>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
    </beans>

    UserDAO如下

    package com.lei.demo.dao;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.hibernate.Query;
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    import com.lei.demo.entity.Users;
    
    @Repository
    public class UsersDAO {
        @Resource(name="sessionFactory")
        private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    
        public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
            this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
        }
    
        public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
            return sessionFactory;
        }
    
        public List<Users> getAllUser(){
            String hsql="from users";
            Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
            Query query = session.createQuery(hsql);
            
            return query.list();
        }
    }

    UserService.java如下

    package com.lei.demo.service;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    
    import com.lei.demo.dao.*;
    
    @Service("userService")
    public class UserService {
        @Resource
        private UsersDAO userDao;
        
        @Transactional
        public int userCount(){
            return userDao.getAllUser().size();
        }
    
        public UsersDAO getUserDao() {
            return userDao;
        }
    
        public void setUserDao(UsersDAO userDao) {
            this.userDao = userDao;
        }
    
    }

    这里,方法名userCount上加入@Transactional,说明这个方法要启用事务。如果类名UserService上加入@Transactional,则表明这个类中的所有方法都会启用事务。

    如果配有多个transactionManager,例如配置有transactionManager1,和transactionManager2,则可以通过@Transactional(“transactionManager1”),的方式指定使用哪个数据源的事务。

    源代码下载:

    http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_1764868_35775

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/leiOOlei/p/3725911.html
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