函数

定义做衣服函数，传参数大小和印在Tee上的字

def make_shirt(size,text="I love python"):
    print("Your shirt making now.Wait PLS")
    print("
size: " + size.upper())
    print("
text: " + text.title())
    
make_shirt(size = "xxl")
输出：
Your shirt making now.Wait PLS

size: XXL

text: I Love Python

 return

def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name):
    full_name = first_name + ' ' + last_name
    return full_name.title()
#
musician = get_formatted_name('jeremy','brett')
print(musician)

输出：
Jeremy Brett

python将非空字符串解读为True

返回字典
def build_person(first_name,last_name):
    person = {'first':first_name,'last':last_name}
    return person

musician = build_person('jimi','hendrix')
print(musician)
输出：
{'first': 'jimi', 'last': 'hendrix'}

结合while

def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name):
    full_name = first_name + ' ' + last_name
    return full_name.title()

while True:
    print("
Please tell me your name:
enter 'q' at any time to quit!")
    first_name = input("Enter first name: ")
    if first_name == 'q':
        break
    last_name = input("Enter last name: ")
    if last_name == 'q':
        break
    fullname = get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name)
    print("
Hello, " + fullname + "!")
输出：

Please tell me your name:
enter 'q' at any time to quit!
Enter first name: alex
Enter last name: han

Hello, Alex Han!

Please tell me your name:
enter 'q' at any time to quit!
Enter first name: suki
Enter last name: zhu

Hello, Suki Zhu!

Please tell me your name:
enter 'q' at any time to quit!
Enter first name: q

任意数量参数

def make_pizza(size,*toppings):
    print("Making a " + str(size) + "-inch pizza with the following toppings:")
    for topping in toppings:
        print("- " + topping)

make_pizza(12,'pepperoni')

make_pizza(16,'mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese')
输出

Making a 12-inch pizza with the following toppings:
- pepperoni
Making a 16-inch pizza with the following toppings:
- mushrooms
- green peppers
- extra cheese

def build_profile(first,last,**user_info):
    profile = {}
    profile['first'] = first
    profile['last'] = last
    for key,value in user_info.items():
        profile[key] = value
    return profile
user_profile = build_profile('albert','einstein',location = 'princeton',field = 'physics')
print(user_profile)
输出：
{'first': 'albert', 'last': 'einstein', 'location': 'princeton', 'field': 'physics'}

==================================

导入整个模块

文件pizza.py内容

def make_pizza(size,*toppings):
    print("Makeing a " + str(size) + "-inch pizza with the following toppings:")
    for topping in toppings:
        print("- " + topping)

文件making_pizza.py内容

import pizza   #导入模块

pizza.make_pizza(16,'pepperoni')                       #使用模块中的函数，module_name.function_name()
pizza.make_pizza(12,'mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese')

输出结果：

Makeing a 16-inch pizza with the following toppings:
- pepperoni
Makeing a 12-inch pizza with the following toppings:
- mushrooms
- green peppers
- extra cheese

导入特定函数：from module_name import function_name_0,function_name_1,function_name_2

文件making_pizza.py内容可改写为：

from pizza import make_pizza

make_pizza(16,'pepperoni')
make_pizza(12,'mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese')

from pizza import make_pizza as mp  #避免导入函数名与本程序中的同名，将导入的函数起了别名

make_pizza(16,'pepperoni')
make_pizza(12,'mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese')

导入模块中的所有函数:from module_name import *(无需使用句点)