mysql多实例部署
软件安装
//安装wget工具
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install wget
//下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
使用xftp把包传进来
配置用户和组并解压二进制程序至/usr/local下
//创建mysql用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost ~]# id mysql
uid=994(mysql) gid=991(mysql) groups=991(mysql)
//解压到usr/local/
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/
bin games lib libexec sbin src
etc include lib64 mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 share
//映射一个软链接
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ln -s mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
//改属主属组
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql*
[root@localhost local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 12 2018 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 12 2018 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 12 2018 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 12 2018 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 12 2018 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 12 2018 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 12 2018 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 35 Dec 31 12:04 mysql -> mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 129 Jun 2 2020 mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 12 2018 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Dec 28 11:58 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 12 2018 src
[root@localhost local]#
//配置环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
//可以用mysql命令了
[root@localhost ~]# which mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
[root@localhost ~]#
创建各实例数据存放的目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/data/{3306,3307,3308}
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@localhost ~]# ll /opt/data/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Dec 31 12:05 3306
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Dec 31 12:05 3307
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Dec 31 12:05 3308
安装ncures-compat-libs包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-compat-libs
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
baseos 1.1 MB/s | 2.8 kB 00:00
appstream 1.9 MB/s | 3.2 kB 00:00
Dependencies resolved.
====================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
====================================================================================
Installing:
ncurses-compat-libs x86_64 6.1-7.20180224.el8 BaseOS 331 k
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 331 k
Installed size: 1.2 M
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installed products updated.
Installed:
ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64
Complete!
初始化各实例
//初始化3306实例
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/3306
2020-12-31T04:06:44.503441Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-12-31T04:06:44.983279Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-12-31T04:06:45.088814Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-12-31T04:06:45.151581Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 989d5871-4b1d-11eb-8ec5-000c29ffb3cc.
2020-12-31T04:06:45.153172Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-12-31T04:06:47.006841Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-12-31T04:06:47.216200Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: W=4XsjdfCa(v
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'W=4XsjdfCa(v' > 3306
//初始化3307实例
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/3307
2020-12-31T04:08:26.821626Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-12-31T04:08:27.177478Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-12-31T04:08:27.261184Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-12-31T04:08:27.323372Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: d5838299-4b1d-11eb-92d3-000c29ffb3cc.
2020-12-31T04:08:27.326869Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-12-31T04:08:28.772149Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-12-31T04:08:29.017978Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: R?t?*ILpU3Tv
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'R?t?*ILpU3Tv' > 3307
//初始化3308
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/3308
2020-12-31T04:09:08.172518Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-12-31T04:09:08.574550Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-12-31T04:09:08.638532Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-12-31T04:09:08.697254Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: ee2cad0c-4b1d-11eb-955e-000c29ffb3cc.
2020-12-31T04:09:08.699639Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-12-31T04:09:10.034232Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-12-31T04:09:11.296204Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: =%l(mrl5vwoC
[root@localhost ~]# echo '=%l(mrl5vwoC' > 3308
// 3306 3307 3308 里面保存的是密码，但是是临时密码
[root@localhost ~]# ls
3306 3307 3308 anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]#
安装perl
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install perl
配置配置文件/etc/my.cnf，可将下方配置复制到配置文件，但是做法要和我上面做的对应。
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
[mysqld3306]
datadir = /opt/data/3306
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid
log-error=/var/log/3306.log
[mysqld3307]
datadir = /opt/data/3307
port = 3307
socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3307/mysql_3307.pid
log-error=/var/log/3307.log
[mysqld3308]
datadir = /opt/data/3308
port = 3308
socket = /tmp/mysql3308.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3308/mysql_3308.pid
log-error=/var/log/3308.log
启动各实例
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3306
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3308
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl //3306 3307 3308端口已经起来了
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3308 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost ~]#
初始化密码
注意： 这里-S是指定文件位置
//设置3306的密码
[root@localhost ~]# cat 3306
W=4XsjdfCa(v
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'W=4XsjdfCa(v' -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.31
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
//设置3307的密码
[root@localhost ~]# cat 3307
R?t?*ILpU3Tv
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'R?t?*ILpU3Tv' -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.31
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
//设置3308的密码
[root@localhost ~]# cat 3308
=%l(mrl5vwoC
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'=%l(mrl5vwoC' -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.31
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
测试登录
//登录3306实例
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.31 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> quit
Bye
//登录3307实例
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.31 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> quit
Bye
//登录3308实例
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.31 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> quit
Bye
验证成功，以上就是mysql多实例部署