zabbix自定义监控项
监控指标
- 系统指标
- 内存
- CPU
- 硬盘
- 文件监控
- 网络监控
- 硬件监控（通过IPMI实现）
- 硬盘温度
- 电源是否异常
- CPU温度
- 业务监控
自定义监控流程
-
开启自定义监控的功能
- 修改agentd.conf文件，修改以下2行配置
- UnsafeUserParameters=1
- UserParameters=key,command 格式为：UserParameter=<键值>,<命令>
- 修改agentd.conf文件，修改以下2行配置
-
写脚本
-
web界面配置监控项，触发器
环境说明
| 环境 | IP地址 | 主机名 | 需要安装的应用 | 系统版本 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 服务端 | 192.168.110.30 | zabbix.example.com | lamp架构 zabbix_server zabbix_agent | redhat 8 |
| 客户端 | 192.168.110.40 | zabbix-agent | zabbix_agent | redhat 8 |
配置服务端和客户端详情参考：zabbix监控配置流程+实例演示
1. 自定义监控进程
本次监控进程以httpd服务进程为例，编译安装httpd步骤详情见：利用shell脚本实现安装httpd服务
准备工作：
//客户端
#关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# setenforce 0
#通过上面给的链接使用脚本编译安装apache
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# bash httpd.sh
#取消警告，映射软连接
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# sed -i '/#ServerName/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /usr/bin/apachectl
#启动apache服务
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# apachectl start
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
第一步：编写脚本
//服务端
#创建脚本目录
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# mkdir /scripts
#脚本内容
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# vim /scripts/check_process.sh
#以查看进程的方式，过滤apache进程，输出1表示进程有问题，0表示没问题
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ps -ef | grep -Ev "grep|$0" | grep -c "$1")
if [ $count -eq 0 ];then
echo "1"
else
echo "0"
fi
#给脚本执行权限
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# chmod +x /scripts/check_process.sh
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# ll /scripts/
total 4
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 118 Apr 29 00:02 check_process.sh
#测试
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# apachectl start
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# bash /scripts/check_process.sh httpd
0
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# apachectl stop
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# bash /scripts/check_process.sh httpd
1
第二步：开启自定义监控功能
//客户端
#开启自定义监控并添加指标
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# vim /usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# TLSCipherAll=
#在最后面添加以下内容
UnsafeUserParameters=1
UserParameter=check_apache,/scripts/check_process.sh httpd
#重启zabbix
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# pkill zabbix
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# zabbix_agentd
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
#使用服务端测试是否能获取客户端的指标
[root@zabbix ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.110.40 -k check_apache
1
第三步：web界面配置
- 添加监控项
点击Configuration ---> Hosts ---> 客户机(192.168.110.40)的Items ---> 右上角Create Items
- 添加触发器
点击 Configuration ---> Hosts ---> 客户机(192.168.110.40)的Triggers ---> 右上角Create triggers
- 配置媒介和动作
配置媒介和动作方法详情请见：zabbix监控服务-邮箱告警的三种配置方式
- 触发触发器
//客户端
#停止apache服务，触发告警
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# apachectl stop
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
- 邮箱验证
2. 自定义监控日志
下载log.py文件到本机
log.py文件详情见：leidazhuang_Github
编写脚本
log.py作用：检查日志文件中是否有指定的关键字
- 第一个参数为日志文件名（必须有，相对路径、绝对路径均可）
- 第二个参数为seek position文件的路径（可选项，若不设置则默认为/tmp/logseek文件。相对路径、绝对路径均可）
- 第三个参数为搜索关键字，默认为 Error
//客户端
#安装python36
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# yum -y install python36
#本脚本用于检查日志文件中是否有指定关键字
[root@zabbix-agent scripts]# cat log.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
import re
def prePos(seekfile):
global curpos
try:
cf = open(seekfile)
except IOError:
curpos = 0
return curpos
except FileNotFoundError:
curpos = 0
return curpos
else:
try:
curpos = int(cf.readline().strip())
except ValueError:
curpos = 0
cf.close()
return curpos
cf.close()
return curpos
def lastPos(filename):
with open(filename) as lfile:
if lfile.readline():
lfile.seek(0,2)
else:
return 0
lastPos = lfile.tell()
return lastPos
def getSeekFile():
try:
seekfile = sys.argv[2]
except IndexError:
seekfile = '/tmp/logseek'
return seekfile
def getKey():
try:
tagKey = str(sys.argv[3])
except IndexError:
tagKey = 'Error'
return tagKey
def getResult(filename,seekfile,tagkey):
destPos = prePos(seekfile)
curPos = lastPos(filename)
if curPos < destPos:
curpos = 0
try:
f = open(filename)
except IOError:
print('Could not open file: %s' % filename)
except FileNotFoundError:
print('Could not open file: %s' % filename)
else:
f.seek(destPos)
while curPos != 0 and f.tell() < curPos:
rresult = f.readline().strip()
global result
if re.search(tagkey, rresult):
result = 1
break
else:
result = 0
with open(seekfile,'w') as sf:
sf.write(str(curPos))
finally:
f.close()
return result
if __name__ == "__main__":
result = 0
curpos = 0
tagkey = getKey()
seekfile = getSeekFile()
result = getResult(sys.argv[1],seekfile,tagkey)
print(result)
添加指标
//客户端
#开启自定义监控功能，添加指标
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# vim /usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# TLSCipherAll=
UnsafeUserParameters=1
UserParameter=check_apache,/scripts/check_process.sh httpd
#在最后面添加以下内容
UserParameter=check_logs[*],/scripts/log.py $1 $2 $3
#重启zabbix
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# pkill zabbix
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# zabbix_agentd
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 80 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
#手动触发警告
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# echo 'Error' >> /usr/local/apache/logs/error_log
//服务端
#使用服务端测试是否能获取客户端的指标
#监控/usr/local/apache/logs/error_logs文件，seek position文件为默认的/tmp/seek，关键字为Error
#第一次结果为0说明搜索到Error
[root@zabbix ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.110.40 -k check_logs["/usr/local/apache/logs/error_log","/tmp/seek","Error"]
1
#第二次结果为1是因为在第一次的报错之后，并没有找到Error
[root@zabbix ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.110.40 -k check_logs["/usr/local/apache/logs/error_log","/tmp/seek","Error"]
0
web界面配置
- 添加监控项
点击Configuration ---> Hosts ---> 客户机(192.168.110.40)的Items ---> 右上角Create Items
- 添加触发器
点击 Configuration ---> Hosts ---> 客户机(192.168.110.40)的Triggers ---> 右上角Create triggers
- 配置媒介和动作
配置媒介和动作方法详情请见：zabbix监控服务-邮箱告警的三种配置方式
- 触发触发器
//客户端
#手动输入Error触发警告
[root@zabbix-agent ~]# echo 'Error' >> /usr/local/apache/logs/error_log
//服务端
#取值为1
[root@zabbix ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.110.40 -k check_logs["/usr/local/apache/logs/error_log","/tmp/logseek","Error"]
1
- 邮箱测试
3. 自定义监控mysql主从状态
环境说明
增加一台机器 192.168.110.50，当作主msater数据库
| 环境 | IP地址 | 需要安装的应用 | 系统版本 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 主：master | 192.168.110.50 | mariadb | redhat 8 |
| 从：slave | 192.168.110.40 | mariadb | redhat 8 |
准备工作
//master端
#安装数据库
[root@master ~]# yum -y install mariadb*
#启动服务
[root@master ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb
#关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@master ~]# systemctl disenable --now firewalld
Unknown operation disenable.
[root@master ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@master ~]# sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
[root@master ~]# setenforce 0
//slave端
#安装数据库
[root@slave ~]# yum -y install mariadb*
#启动服务
[root@slave ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb
#关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@slave ~]# systemctl disenable --now firewalld
Unknown operation disenable.
[root@slave ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@slave ~]# sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
[root@slave ~]# setenforce 0
配置master主数据库
//master端
#测试数据库
[root@master ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 22
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
#授权
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.110.40' identified by 'repl123!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
#刷新
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
#配置my.cnf文件
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
#最后面加下以下信息
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
#重启mysql，查看状态
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart mariadb
[root@master ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 328 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
配置slave从数据库
//slave端
#测试数据库
[root@slave ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 8
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
#配置my.cnf文件
[root@slave ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
#最后添加以下信息
[mysqld]
server-id=20
relay-log=myrelay
#重启mysql，配置并启动主从复制
[root@slave ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.110.50',
-> master_user='repl',
-> master_password='repl123!',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
-> master_log_pos=328;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.003 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.110.50
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 652
Relay_Log_File: myrelay.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 555
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Slave_Transactional_Groups: 0
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
编写脚本
//slave端
#脚本内容
[root@slave ~]# vim /scripts/check_mysql_repl.sh
#!/bin/bash
count=$(mysql -uroot -e 'show slave statusG'|grep 'Running:'|awk '{print $2}'|grep -c 'Yes')
if [ $count -ne 2 ];then
echo '1'
else
echo '0'
fi
#给脚本执行权限
[root@slave ~]# chmod +x /scripts/check_mysql_repl.sh
[root@slave ~]# ll /scripts/
total 12
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 179 Apr 29 15:33 check_mysql_repl.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 118 Apr 29 00:02 check_process.sh
#测试脚本
[root@slave ~]# bash /scripts/check_mysql_repl.sh
0
添加指标
//slave端
#开启自定义监控功能，添加指标
[root@slave ~]# vim /usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# TLSCipherAll=
UnsafeUserParameters=1
UserParameter=check_apache,/scripts/check_process.sh httpd
UserParameter=check_logs[*],/scripts/log.py $1 $2 $3
#在最后面添加以下内容
UserParameter=check_mysql_repl,/scripts/check_mysql_repl.sh
#重启zabbix
[root@slave ~]# pkill zabbix
[root@slave ~]# zabbix_agentd
[root@slave ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 80 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
#使用服务端测试是否能获取客户端的指标
[root@zabbix ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.110.40 -k check_mysql_repl
0
web界面配置
- 添加监控项
点击Configuration ---> Hosts ---> 客户机(192.168.110.40)的Items ---> 右上角Create Items
- 添加触发器
点击 Configuration ---> Hosts ---> 客户机(192.168.110.40)的Triggers ---> 右上角Create triggers
- 配置媒介和动作
配置媒介和动作方法详情请见：zabbix监控服务-邮箱告警的三种配置方式
- 触发触发器
//slave端
#关闭slave，触发告警
[root@slave ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 70
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.015 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.110.50
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 652
Relay_Log_File: myrelay.000006
Relay_Log_Pos: 555
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
- 邮箱验证
4. 自定义监控mysql主从延迟
编写脚本
//slave端
#脚本内容
[root@slave ~]# vim /scripts/check_mysql_delay.sh
#!/bin/bash
mysql -uroot -e 'show slave status G'|grep 'Seconds_Behind_Master:'|awk '{print $2}'
#给脚本执行权限
[root@slave ~]# chmod +x /scripts/check_mysql_delay.sh
[root@slave ~]# ll /scripts/
total 16
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 100 Apr 29 17:11 check_mysql_delay.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 179 Apr 29 15:33 check_mysql_repl.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 118 Apr 29 00:02 check_process.sh
#测试脚本
[root@slave ~]# mysql -uroot -e 'show slave status G'
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.110.50
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 652
Relay_Log_File: myrelay.000007
Relay_Log_Pos: 555
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
#slave落后master的秒数
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
[root@slave ~]# bash /scripts/check_mysql_delay.sh
0
添加指标
//slave端
#开启自定义监控功能，添加指标
[root@slave ~]# vim /usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# TLSCipherAll=
UnsafeUserParameters=1
UserParameter=check_apache,/scripts/check_process.sh httpd
UserParameter=check_logs[*],/scripts/log.py $1 $2 $3
UserParameter=check_mysql_repl,/scripts/check_mysql_repl.sh
#在最后面添加以下内容
UserParameter=check_mysql_delay,/scripts/check_mysql_delay.sh
//重启zabbix
[root@slave ~]# pkill zabbix
[root@slave ~]# zabbix_agentd
//使用服务端测试是否能获取客户端的指标
[root@zabbix ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.110.40 -k check_mysql_delay
0
web界面配置
- 添加监控项
点击Configuration ---> Hosts ---> 客户机(192.168.110.40)的Items ---> 右上角Create Items
- 添加触发器
点击 Configuration ---> Hosts ---> 客户机(192.168.110.40)的Triggers ---> 右上角Create triggers
- 配置媒介和动作
配置媒介和动作方法详情请见：zabbix监控服务-邮箱告警的三种配置方式
- 触发触发器
//slave端
#开启slave，延迟为0，触发告警
[root@slave ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 407
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.110.50
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 652
Relay_Log_File: myrelay.000008
Relay_Log_Pos: 555
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
#延迟为0
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
这里临时修改为延迟为0的时候触发告警
- 邮箱验证
