一、概述：
Mysql的explain工具目前还没有Oracle的explain plan工具那么强大，但是结合show profiles工具可以实现相似的效果。show profiles语句用于在当前会话执行的语句的资源使用情况。其具体语法为：
SHOW PROFILE [type [, type] ... ]
[FOR QUERY n]
[LIMIT row_count [OFFSET offset]]
type:
ALL
| BLOCK IO
| CONTEXT SWITCHES
| CPU
| IPC
| MEMORY
| PAGE FAULTS
| SOURCE
| SWAPS
提示：
navicat执行mysql查询后，下边的剖析按钮其实就是show profile的结果，比较方便。
二、开启profiling
show variables like '%profil%';
set @@session.profiling=1; --会话级别开启
show profiles在Mysql5.6.7之后官方已经不推荐继续使用（deprecated），转而支持performance_schema（感觉老麻烦，还是show profile简单），performance_schema用法详见如下链接：
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/performance-schema-query-profiling.html
三、show profiles的使用
废话不多说，直接3张图说明。（注意：单个query查询用的是show profile不是show profiles）
至于图中各个列的解释，官网说明在此：（即infomation_schema.PROFILING表的说明）
QUERY_ID is a numeric statement identifier.
SEQ is a sequence number indicating the display order for rows with the same QUERY_ID value.
STATE is the profiling state to which the row measurements apply.
DURATION indicates how long statement execution remained in the given state, in seconds.
CPU_USER and CPU_SYSTEM indicate user and system CPU use, in seconds.
CONTEXT_VOLUNTARY and CONTEXT_INVOLUNTARY indicate how many voluntary and involuntary context switches occurred.
BLOCK_OPS_IN and BLOCK_OPS_OUT indicate the number of block input and output operations.
MESSAGES_SENT and MESSAGES_RECEIVED indicate the number of communication messages sent and received.
PAGE_FAULTS_MAJOR and PAGE_FAULTS_MINOR indicate the number of major and minor page faults.
SWAPS indicates how many swaps occurred.
SOURCE_FUNCTION, SOURCE_FILE, and SOURCE_LINE provide information indicating where in the source code the profiled state executes.