python 实现新版websocket协议 server

python 实现新版websocket协议 server - 0x14 - ITeye技术网站

python 实现新版websocket协议 server

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• websocket

websocketpython 

websocket 和 正常 socket 使用方式有点不一样

正常socket 客户端流程:

连接 -> 连接成功 -> 接受数据 || 发送数据

完事了

正常socket 服务端流程:

创建套接字 -> 绑定 -> 接受连接  -> 接受数据 || 发送数据

完事了

websocket 客户端流程:

连接->  连接成功 -> 创建消息响应事件 -> 发送数据

websocket 服务端流程

创建套接字 -> 绑定 -> 接受连接 -> 接受websocket 发送过来的http头 -> 处理要回应的http头 ->

回应客户端 -> 握手成功 -> 按照websocket数据格式接受发送数据

确实稍微麻烦点

现在开始用python来实现一个websocket server

import socket,threading,struct

#启动websocket server
def InitWebSocketServer():
    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    try:
        sock.bind(("localhost",3398)) #绑定本地地址,端口3398
        sock.listen(100)
    except:
        print("Server is already running,quit")
        sys.exit()
    while True:  #创建一个死循环,接受客户端
        connection,address = sock.accept()
        if(handshake(connection) != False): #如果握手失败,不启动任务
            t = threading.Thread(target=DoRemoteCommand,args=(connection,))
            t.start()


#连接成功后回应给客户端进行握手
def handshake(client):
    headers = {}
    shake = client.recv(1024)

    if not len(shake):
        return False

    header, data = shake.split('\r\n\r\n', 1)
    for line in header.split("\r\n")[1:]:
        key, value = line.split(": ", 1)
        headers[key] = value

    if(headers.has_key("Sec-WebSocket-Key") == False):
        print("this socket is not websocket,close")
        client.close()
        return False

    szOrigin = headers["Sec-WebSocket-Origin"]
    szKey = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(headers["Sec-WebSocket-Key"] + '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11').digest())
    szHost = headers["Host"]

    our_handshake = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n" \
                    "Upgrade:websocket\r\n"\
                    "Connection: Upgrade\r\n"\
                    "Sec-WebSocket-Accept:"+ szKey + "\r\n" \
                    "WebSocket-Origin:" + szOrigin + "\r\n" \
                    "WebSocket-Location: ws://" + szHost + "/WebManagerSocket\r\n" \
                    "WebSocket-Protocol:WebManagerSocket\r\n\r\n"

    client.send(our_handshake)
    return True

#接收客户端发送过来的消息,并且解包
def RecvData(nNum,client):
    try:
        pData = client.recv(nNum)
        if not len(pData):
            return False
    except:
        return False
    else:
        code_length = ord(pData[1]) & 127
        if code_length == 126:
            masks = pData[4:8]
            data = pData[8:]
        elif code_length == 127:
            masks = pData[10:14]
            data = pData[14:]
        else:
            masks = pData[2:6]
            data = pData[6:]

        raw_str = ""
        i = 0
        for d in data:
            raw_str += chr(ord(d) ^ ord(masks[i%4]))
            i += 1

        return raw_str


#打包发送数据给客户端
def SendData(pData,client):
    if(pData == False):
        return False
    else:
        pData = str(pData)

    token = "\x81"
    length = len(pData)
    if length < 126:
        token += struct.pack("B", length)
    elif length <= 0xFFFF:
        token += struct.pack("!BH", 126, length)
    else:
        token += struct.pack("!BQ", 127, length)
    pData = '%s%s' % (token,pData)

    client.send(pData)

    return True


#这算是客户端一个循环接受数据并且处理数据的线程
def DoRemoteCommand(connection):
    while 1:
        szBuf = RecvData(8196,connection)
        if(szBuf == False):
            break

import socket,threading,struct

#启动websocket server
def InitWebSocketServer():
    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    try:
        sock.bind(("localhost",3398)) #绑定本地地址,端口3398
        sock.listen(100)
    except:
        print("Server is already running,quit")
        sys.exit()
    while True:  #创建一个死循环,接受客户端
        connection,address = sock.accept()
        if(handshake(connection) != False): #如果握手失败,不启动任务
            t = threading.Thread(target=DoRemoteCommand,args=(connection,))
            t.start()


#连接成功后回应给客户端进行握手
def handshake(client):
    headers = {}
    shake = client.recv(1024)
    
    if not len(shake):
        return False
    
    header, data = shake.split('\r\n\r\n', 1)
    for line in header.split("\r\n")[1:]:
        key, value = line.split(": ", 1)
        headers[key] = value
    
    if(headers.has_key("Sec-WebSocket-Key") == False):
        print("this socket is not websocket,close")
        client.close()
        return False
    
    szOrigin = headers["Sec-WebSocket-Origin"]
    szKey = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(headers["Sec-WebSocket-Key"] + '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11').digest())
    szHost = headers["Host"]
    
    our_handshake = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n" \
                    "Upgrade:websocket\r\n"\
                    "Connection: Upgrade\r\n"\
                    "Sec-WebSocket-Accept:"+ szKey + "\r\n" \
                    "WebSocket-Origin:" + szOrigin + "\r\n" \
                    "WebSocket-Location: ws://" + szHost + "/WebManagerSocket\r\n" \
                    "WebSocket-Protocol:WebManagerSocket\r\n\r\n"
                    
    client.send(our_handshake)
    return True

#接收客户端发送过来的消息,并且解包
def RecvData(nNum,client):
    try:
        pData = client.recv(nNum)
        if not len(pData):
            return False
    except:
        return False
    else:
        code_length = ord(pData[1]) & 127
        if code_length == 126:
            masks = pData[4:8]
            data = pData[8:]
        elif code_length == 127:
            masks = pData[10:14]
            data = pData[14:]
        else:
            masks = pData[2:6]
            data = pData[6:]
        
        raw_str = ""
        i = 0
        for d in data:
            raw_str += chr(ord(d) ^ ord(masks[i%4]))
            i += 1
            
        return raw_str
        
        
#打包发送数据给客户端
def SendData(pData,client):
    if(pData == False):
        return False
    else:
        pData = str(pData)
        
    token = "\x81"
    length = len(pData)
    if length < 126:
        token += struct.pack("B", length)
    elif length <= 0xFFFF:
        token += struct.pack("!BH", 126, length)
    else:
        token += struct.pack("!BQ", 127, length)
    pData = '%s%s' % (token,pData)

    client.send(pData)
    
    return True


#这算是客户端一个循环接受数据并且处理数据的线程
def DoRemoteCommand(connection):
    while 1:
        szBuf = RecvData(8196,connection)
        if(szBuf == False):
            break

 

对,完了,就这样,启动

InitWebSocketServer()

InitWebSocketServer()

然后就可以与chrome和firefox的websocket通信了

客户端的实现可以看我另一篇文章

代码拿来直接就能用,在做项目中,没有这么多时间去系统的学习,有现成的资源就拿去用吧,以上代码实现的是新版的websocket协议,不兼容旧版的,目前网上大部分都是旧版的例子,需要的去找来组合下就可以了.

上面代码只是个草稿,根据自己的情况进行修改,websocket目前只能传输字符串,图片传输等可以使用base64编码后进行发送(数据大小会增加 1/3 左右)

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