WPF模板

1:ControlTemplate
我们知道wpf的控件都是继承自Control,在Control类中有一个Template属性，类型就是ControlTemplate.那么利用这个ControlTemplate就可以彻底的颠覆控件的默认外观.

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:UC="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1"
        xmlns:UC1="clr-namespace:WpfControlLibrary1;assembly=WpfControlLibrary1"
        xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
        Title="Window1" Height="300" Width="300">
    <Window.Resources>
        <ControlTemplate x:Key="rect" TargetType="{x:Type CheckBox}">
            <StackPanel>
                <Rectangle Name="breakRectangle" Stroke="Red" StrokeThickness="2" Width="20" Height="20">
                    <Rectangle.Fill>
                        <SolidColorBrush Color="White"/>
                    </Rectangle.Fill>
                </Rectangle>
            </StackPanel>
        </ControlTemplate>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Canvas>
        <CheckBox Template="{StaticResource ResourceKey=rect}" Content="我是CheckBox"/>
    </Canvas>
</Window>

2:ContentPresenter
wpf给我们提供了一个ContentPresenter，它的作用就是把原有模板的属性原封不动的投放到自定义模板中。

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:UC="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1"
        xmlns:UC1="clr-namespace:WpfControlLibrary1;assembly=WpfControlLibrary1"
        xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
        Title="Window1" Height="300" Width="300">
    <Window.Resources>
        <ControlTemplate x:Key="rect" TargetType="{x:Type CheckBox}">
            <ControlTemplate.Resources>
                <SolidColorBrush x:Key="redBrush" Color="Red"/>
            </ControlTemplate.Resources>
            <StackPanel>
                <Rectangle Name="breakRectangle" Stroke="Red" StrokeThickness="2" Width="20" Height="20">
                    <Rectangle.Fill>
                        <SolidColorBrush Color="White"/>
                    </Rectangle.Fill>
                </Rectangle>
                <!--模板中的Margin绑定到原控件中的Padding上去-->
                <ContentPresenter  Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}" />
            </StackPanel>
            <!--Trigger-->
            <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                <Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="True">
                    <Setter TargetName="breakRectangle" Property="Fill" Value="{StaticResource ResourceKey=redBrush}">
                    </Setter>
                </Trigger>
            </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
        </ControlTemplate>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Canvas>
        <CheckBox Template="{StaticResource ResourceKey=rect}" Content="我是CheckBox" Padding="20"/>
    </Canvas>
</Window>

3:与Style混搭

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:UC="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1"
        xmlns:UC1="clr-namespace:WpfControlLibrary1;assembly=WpfControlLibrary1"
        xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
        Title="Window1" Height="300" Width="300">
    <Window.Resources>
        <Style x:Key="cbx" TargetType="{x:Type CheckBox}">
            <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type CheckBox}">
                        <ControlTemplate.Resources>
                            <SolidColorBrush x:Key="redBrush" Color="Red"/>
                        </ControlTemplate.Resources>
                        <StackPanel>
                            <Rectangle Name="breakRectangle" Stroke="Red" StrokeThickness="2" Width="20" Height="20">
                                <Rectangle.Fill>
                                    <SolidColorBrush Color="White"/>
                                </Rectangle.Fill>
                            </Rectangle>
                            <ContentPresenter/>
                        </StackPanel>
                        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                            <Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="True">
                                <Setter TargetName="breakRectangle" Property="Fill" Value="{StaticResource ResourceKey=redBrush}">
                                </Setter>
                            </Trigger>
                        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>

    </Window.Resources>
    <Canvas>
        <CheckBox Style="{StaticResource ResourceKey=cbx}" Content="我是CheckBox"/>
    </Canvas>
</Window>

4:数据模板

namespace WpfApplication1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Window1.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class Window1 : Window
    {
        public static string name = "WPF";

        public Window1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
    }

    public class PersonList : ObservableCollection<PersonNew>
    {
        public PersonList()
        {
            this.Add(new PersonNew() { Name = "一线码农", Age = 24, Address = "上海" });
            this.Add(new PersonNew() { Name = "小师妹", Age = 20, Address = "上海" });
        }
    }

    public class PersonNew
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int Age { get; set; }
        public string Address { get; set; }
        //既然wpf在Render数据的时候呈现的是当前的ToString()形式，那下面我们来重写ToString()试试看。
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("姓名:{0}, 年龄:{1}, 地址:{2}", Name, Age, Address);
        }
    }
}

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
        xmlns:src="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Window.Resources>
        <ObjectDataProvider x:Key="personList" ObjectType="{x:Type src:PersonList}"/>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <ListBox ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource ResourceKey=personList}}"></ListBox>
    </Grid>
</Window>

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
        xmlns:src="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Window.Resources>
        <ObjectDataProvider x:Key="personList" ObjectType="{x:Type src:PersonList}"/>
        <DataTemplate x:Key="rect">
            <Border Name="border" BorderBrush="Aqua" BorderThickness="1" Padding="5" Margin="5">
                <StackPanel>
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" Margin="5,0,0,0"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Age}" Margin="5,0,0,0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Address}" Margin="5,0,0,0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                </StackPanel>
            </Border>
        </DataTemplate>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <ListBox ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource ResourceKey=personList}}"
                   ItemTemplate="{StaticResource ResourceKey=rect}"></ListBox>
    </Grid>
</Window>

5:ItemsPanelTemplate

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
        xmlns:src="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Window.Resources>
        <ObjectDataProvider x:Key="personList" ObjectType="{x:Type src:PersonList}"/>
        <DataTemplate x:Key="rect">
            <Border Name="border" BorderBrush="Aqua" BorderThickness="1" Padding="5" Margin="5">
                <StackPanel>
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" Margin="5,0,0,0"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Age}" Margin="5,0,0,0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Address}" Margin="5,0,0,0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                </StackPanel>
            </Border>
        </DataTemplate>
        <!--控件调用的布局控件-->
        <ItemsPanelTemplate x:Key="items">
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
        </ItemsPanelTemplate>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <ListBox ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource ResourceKey=personList}}"
                   ItemTemplate="{StaticResource ResourceKey=rect}" ItemsPanel="{StaticResource ResourceKey=items}"></ListBox>
    </Grid>
</Window>

 6:HierarchicalDataTemplate

　　它是针对具有分层数据结构的控件设计的，比如说TreeView，相当于可以每一个层级上做DataTemplate，很好很强大。

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
        xmlns:src="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Window.Resources>
        <XmlDataProvider x:Key="Info" XPath="Nations">
            <x:XData>
                <Nations xmlns="">
                    <Nation Name="中国">
                        <Provinces>
                            <Province Name="安徽">
                                <Citys>
                                    <City Name="安庆">
                                        <Countrys>
                                            <Country Name="潜山"/>
                                            <Country Name="桐城"/>
                                        </Countrys>
                                    </City>
                                    <City Name="合肥">
                                        <Countrys>
                                            <Country Name="长丰"/>
                                            <Country Name="肥东"/>
                                        </Countrys>
                                    </City>
                                </Citys>
                            </Province>
                            <Province Name="江苏">
                                <Citys>
                                    <City Name="南京">
                                        <Countys>
                                            <Country Name="溧水"/>
                                            <Country Name="高淳"/>
                                        </Countys>
                                    </City>
                                    <City Name="苏州">
                                        <Countys>
                                            <Country Name="常熟"/>
                                        </Countys>
                                    </City>
                                </Citys>
                            </Province>
                        </Provinces>
                    </Nation>
                </Nations>
            </x:XData>
        </XmlDataProvider>
        <HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="Nation" ItemsSource="{Binding XPath=Provinces/Province}">
            <StackPanel Background="AliceBlue">
                <TextBlock FontSize="20" Text="{Binding XPath=@Name}"/>
            </StackPanel>
        </HierarchicalDataTemplate>
        <HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="Province" ItemsSource="{Binding XPath=Citys/City}">
            <StackPanel Background="LightBlue">
                <TextBlock FontSize="18" Text="{Binding XPath=@Name}"/>
            </StackPanel>
        </HierarchicalDataTemplate>
        <HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="City" ItemsSource="{Binding XPath=Countrys/Country}">
            <StackPanel Background="LightBlue">
                <TextBlock FontSize="18" Text="{Binding XPath=@Name}"/>
            </StackPanel>
        </HierarchicalDataTemplate>
        <HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="Country">
            <StackPanel Background="LightSalmon">
                <TextBlock FontSize="18" Text="{Binding XPath=@Name}"/>
            </StackPanel>
        </HierarchicalDataTemplate>
    </Window.Resources>
    <TreeView ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource ResourceKey=Info},XPath=Nation}"></TreeView>
</Window>