mac os x安装ngigx+php fastcgi+mysql+memcache详细流程

Part 1: MacPorts

Mac上装软件常用的是MacPorts和homebrew，这个软件会很方便地提供软件的安装。装这些前先得装Xcode，Xcode在appstore上有，一个多G，下载安装，完成后在launchpad上回有Xcode图标，要点击才是正式安装，装完后你在终端输入gcc -v，发现无此命令，没这个命令可没法装软件哦，应该是Xcode默认安装没有装完整，打开Xcode，点击左上方Xcode-》Open develop tools-》more develop tools，进入Xcode的网页搜索UNIX，安装command_line_tools_for_xcode_.dmg，完成后再进入终端，输入gcc -v，ok有了，哈哈哈。

我使用的是macports安装，macports到http://www.macports.org/install.php下载dmg文件安装就可以了，安装成功后，在终端输入

port list #可以看所有软件列表

port search xxx #可以搜索是否有该软件

port install xxx #安装

port uninstall xxx #卸载

port clean xxx #删除安装临时文件

Ps：homebrew的安装

首先：
sudo chown -R `whoami` /usr/local

然后可以正式开始安装，我推荐的安装方式是先用 git-osx-installer 装上 git，然后用 git 安装：

cd /usr/local

git init

git remote add origin git://github.com/mxcl/homebrew.git

git pull origin master

装完后命令与port命令差不多 比如 brew search；brew install

Part 2: Nginx

在终端上输入

sudo port install nginx spawn-fcgi

安装完成后启动nginx会说没有nginx.conf文件，到/opt/local/etc/nginx目录下看到以下几个文件:

fastcgi_params.example koi-utf koi-win mime.types.example nginx.conf.example win-utf

直接复制example文件:

sudo mv mime.types.example mime.types

sudo mv nginx.conf.example nginx.conf

启动nginx:

sudo nginx

访问http://127.0.0.1/，就可以看到Nginx的Welcome页面。

sudo nginx -t # 检测配置文件是否有效

sudo nginx -s reload # 重启

sudo nginx -h # 帮助

重点来了

1、让nginx开机自动启动

vi /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.nginx.plist

内容为

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>

<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN"

"http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd" >

<plist version='1.0'>

<dict>

<key>Label</key><string>org.macports.nginx</string>

<key>ProgramArguments</key>

<array>

        <string>/opt/local/bin/daemondo</string>

        <string>--label=nginx</string>

        <string>--start-cmd</string>

        <string>/opt/local/sbin/nginx</string>

        <string>;</string>

        <string>--pid=fileauto</string>

        <string>--pidfile</string>

        <string>/opt/local/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid</string>

</array>

<key>Debug</key><false/>

<key>Disabled</key><true/>

<key>KeepAlive</key><true/>

</dict>

</plist>

如果文件已经有内容直接退出vi

执行

sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.nginx.plist

这样nginx开机就回自动启动

2、修改nginx.conf内容

vi /opt/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

下面是我的内容

#user  nobody;

user  www www;

worker_processes  1;

error_log  /Users/apple/logs/nginx_errors.log;

events {

    worker_connections  4098;

}

http {

    include       mime.types;

    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /Users/apple/logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;

    tcp_nopush     on;

    tcp_nodelay         on;

                fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

                fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

                fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

                fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

                fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

                fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

                fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;

    gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].(?!.*SV1)";

  include /opt/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    include /opt/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

}

然后建立目录

sudo mkdir /opt/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled

进入cd /opt/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled

编辑一个站点的conf文件

我建了一个default，内容如下

server {

    listen   80; ## listen for ipv4

    listen   [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6

    server_name  localhost;

    access_log  /Users/apple/logs/localhost.access.log;

    location / {

        root  /Users/apple/phpdocs;

        index index.php index.html index.htm;

    }

    location ~ .php$ {

        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

        fastcgi_index  index.php;

        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /Users/apple/phpdocs$fastcgi_script_name;

        include fastcgi_params;

    }

}

保存后在相应的路径上建立log文件和html文件

这个时候先不要放index.php，会出现bad gatway错误，咱们还没装php和fastcgi呢

Part 3: PHP

在终端上输入

安装php5，扩展模块根据自己的需要调整

 port install php5 +fastcgi fcgi php5-gd php5-mysql php5-sqlite php5-eaccelerator php5-curl php5-iconv php5-mcrypt

安装完成后，到/opt/local/etc/php5下，cp php.ini-recommended php.ini
然后修改几个项：
error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE
display_errors = On
error_log = /Users/jonathan/logs/php5/error.log
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
手动创建/Users/jonathan/logs/php5/error.log日志

         重点来了

我们要再写一个plist文件跑fastcgi

       vi /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.phpfcgi.plist

       内容如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">

<plist version="1.0">

<dict>

  <key>Label</key><string>org.macports.phpfcgi</string>

  <key>Debug</key><false />

  <key>OnDemand</key><false />

  <key>RunAtLoad</key><false />

  <key>EnvironmentVariables</key>

  <dict>

    <key>PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN</key><string>2</string>

    <key>PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS</key><string>5000</string>

  </dict>

  <key>LaunchOnlyOnce</key><true />

  <key>ProgramArguments</key>

  <array>

    <string>/opt/local/bin/spawn-fcgi</string>

    <string>-C 2</string>

    <string>-p 9000</string>

    <string>-f /opt/local/bin/php-cgi</string>

  </array>

</dict>

</plist>

保存后输入

sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.macports. phpfcgi.plist

这样就自动启动php fastcgi

现在去网站目录放个index.php，看下phpinfo()吧

Part4: 安装MySQL

安装mysql很方便，去mysql网站下个dmg吧，有三个文件要安装，一个是mysql安装文件，一个是mysql自动启动，一个是系统设置里的添加项控制mysql的开关。

装完以后下载phpmyadmin到网站目录，

将phpMyAdmin目录的config.sample.inc.php命名为config.inc.php

打开config.inc.php,做如下修改：

$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '';//用于Cookie加密，随意的长字符串

$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = '127.0.0.1';//MySQL守护程序做了IP绑定

$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = false;//可以访问无密码的MySQL

从web访问phpMyAdmin，并修改MySQL密码不为空。

Part4: 安装memcache

装这个本来以为可以用port install php5-memcache，结果port的编译包可能有问题，不能building memcache，只有自己编译了

先装libevent

port install libevent

安装完后去http://pecl.php.net/package/memcache下载最新的版本，下载完成后解压，进入到文件夹里，依次执行以下命令：

phpize
./configure
make
make install

 编译完成后memcache.so会放到/opt/local/lib/php/extensions/debug-non-zts-xxxxxxx目录下

写一个php加载memcache的配置文件

vi /opt/local/var/db/php5/memcache.ini

内容为：extension=memcache.so

保存退出

然后写一个memcache的启动脚本

vi /etc/init.d/memcached

内容为：

#!/bin/bash

DAEMON=/opt/local/bin/memcached

NAME=memcached

DESC=memcached

USER=nobody

HOST=0.0.0.0

PORT=11211

MEM=32

LOG=/Users/apple/logs/memcached/info.log

case "$1" in

  start)

        echo -n "Startring $DESC: "

        $DAEMON -m $MEM -p $PORT -l $HOST -u $USER -d -vv >> $LOG 2>&1

        echo "$NAME."

        ;;

  stop)

        echo -n "Stopping $DESC: "

        killall $NAME

        echo "$NAME."

        ;;

  restart)

        echo -n "Restarting $DESC: "

        killall $NAME

        sleep 1

        $DAEMON -m $MEM -p $PORT -l $HOST -u $USER -d -vv >> $LOG 2>&1

        echo "$NAME."

        ;;

  *)

        echo "Usage: $NAME {start|stop|restart}" >&2

        exit 1

        ;;

esac

exit 0

保存后记得赋予可执行权限：chmod +x /etc/init.d/memcached
      最后不要忘记创建日志文件：/Users/apple/logs/memcached/info.log

然后让memcached开机启动

写一个plist文件

vi /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.memcache.plist

内容为

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">

<plist version="1.0">

<dict>

  <key>Label</key><string>org.macports.memcache</string>

  <key>OnDemand</key><true/>

  <key>Username</key>

    <string>nobody</string>

  <key>ProgramArguments</key>

  <array>

    <string>/etc/init.d/memcached</string>

    <string>start</string>

  </array>

  <key>Debug</key><false/>

  <key>Disabled</key><true/>

  <key>RunAtLoad</key><true/>

  <key>KeepAlive</key><true/>

</dict>

</plist>

同样保存完后运行

sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.memcache.plist