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  • Django REST framework+Vue 打造生鲜超市(七)

    八、商品详情页功能

    8.1.viewsets实现商品详情页接口

    (1)商品详情页只需要多继承一个类(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin)就可以了

    class GoodsListViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    

    (2)商品轮播图

    商品轮播图是一个外键,序列化外键用嵌套的方法来实现

    #轮播图
    class GoodsImageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = GoodsImage
            fields = ("image",)
    
    #商品列表页
    class GoodsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        #覆盖外键字段
        category = CategorySerializer()
        #images是数据库中设置的related_name="images",把轮播图嵌套进来
        images = GoodsImageSerializer(many=True)
        class Meta:
            model = Goods
            fields = '__all__'
    

    8.2.热卖商品接口实现

    只需要在过滤器中增加“is_hot”就可以了

    goods/filters.py里的GoodsFilter添加“is_hot”

        class Meta:
            model = Goods
            fields = ['pricemin', 'pricemax','is_hot']
    

    在后台设置商品的“is_hot”为True,然后前端就可以显示出来了

    8.3.用户收藏接口实现

    (1)序列化

    user_operation/serializers.py

    # user_operation/serializers.py
    
    from rest_framework import serializers
    from user_operation.models import UserFav
    from rest_framework.validators import UniqueTogetherValidator
    
    class UserFavSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        #获取当前登录的用户
        user = serializers.HiddenField(
            default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
        )
        class Meta:
            #validate实现唯一联合,一个商品只能收藏一次
            validators = [
                UniqueTogetherValidator(
                    queryset=UserFav.objects.all(),
                    fields=('user', 'goods'),
                    #message的信息可以自定义
                    message="已经收藏"
                )
            ]
            model = UserFav
            #收藏的时候需要返回商品的id,因为取消收藏的时候必须知道商品的id是多少
            fields = ("user", "goods",'id')
    

    (2)user_operation/views.py

    # user_operaton/views.py
    
    from rest_framework import viewsets
    from rest_framework import mixins
    from .models import UserFav
    from .serializers import UserFavSerializer
    
    class UserFavViewset(viewsets.GenericViewSet, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin):
        '''
        用户收藏
        '''
        queryset = UserFav.objects.all()
        serializer_class = UserFavSerializer
    

    说明:继承的类

    • mixins.CreateModelMixin 添加收藏(相当于创建数据库)
    • mixins.DestroyModelMixin 取消删除(相当于数据库删除)
    • mixins.ListModelMixin 获取已收藏的商品列表

    (3)配置url

    # 配置用户收藏的url
    router.register(r'userfavs', UserFavViewset, base_name="userfavs")
    

    测试代码:

    访问地址:http://127.0.0.1:8000/userfavs/,收藏三个商品,查看已收藏列表

    重复收藏某个商品会提示“已经收藏”

    8.3.drf的权限认证

    (1)自定义权限

    utils文件夹下新建permissions.py,代码如下:

    这个官网有实例,直接复制过来就可以了,把其中的owner改为user即可

    # utils/permissions.py
    
    from rest_framework import permissions
    
    class IsOwnerOrReadOnly(permissions.BasePermission):
        """
        Object-level permission to only allow owners of an object to edit it.
        Assumes the model instance has an `owner` attribute.
        """
    
        def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
            # Read permissions are allowed to any request,
            # so we'll always allow GET, HEAD or OPTIONS requests.
            if request.method in permissions.SAFE_METHODS:
                return True
    
            # Instance must have an attribute named `owner`.
            #obj相当于数据库中的model,这里要把owner改为我们数据库中的user
            return obj.user == request.user
    

    (2)user_operation/views

    # user_operaton/views.py
    
    from rest_framework import viewsets
    from rest_framework import mixins
    from .models import UserFav
    from .serializers import UserFavSerializer
    from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
    from utils.permissions import IsOwnerOrReadOnly
    from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication
    from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication
    
    class UserFavViewset(viewsets.GenericViewSet, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin):
        '''
        用户收藏
        '''
        serializer_class = UserFavSerializer
        #permission是用来做权限判断的
        # IsAuthenticated:必须登录用户;IsOwnerOrReadOnly:必须是当前登录的用户
        permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
        #auth使用来做用户认证的
        authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication,SessionAuthentication)
        #搜索的字段
        lookup_field = 'goods_id'
    
        def get_queryset(self):
            #只能查看当前登录用户的收藏,不会获取所有用户的收藏
            return UserFav.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)
    

    说明:

    • 只有登录用户才可以收藏
    • 用户只能获取自己的收藏,不能获取所有用户的收藏
    • JSONWebTokenAuthentication认证不应该全局配置,因为用户获取商品信息或者其它页面的时候并不需要此认证,所以这个认证只要局部中添加就可以
    • 删除settings中的'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication',

    8.4.用户收藏功能和vue联调

    修改为local_host

    //收藏
    export const addFav = params => { return axios.post(`${local_host}/userfavs/`, params) }
    
    //取消收藏
    export const delFav = goodsId => { return axios.delete(`${local_host}/userfavs/`+goodsId+'/') }
    
    export const getAllFavs = () => { return axios.get(`${local_host}/userfavs/`) }
    
    //判断是否收藏
    export const getFav = goodsId => { return axios.get(`${local_host}/userfavs/`+goodsId+'/') }
    
    • 删除收藏:根据商品'goods_id'
    • 已收藏的商品显示“已收藏”,没有收藏就显示“收藏”
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lianhaifeng/p/14444597.html
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