八、商品详情页功能
8.1.viewsets实现商品详情页接口
(1)商品详情页只需要多继承一个类(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin)就可以了
class GoodsListViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet):
(2)商品轮播图
商品轮播图是一个外键,序列化外键用嵌套的方法来实现
#轮播图
class GoodsImageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = GoodsImage
fields = ("image",)
#商品列表页
class GoodsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
#覆盖外键字段
category = CategorySerializer()
#images是数据库中设置的related_name="images",把轮播图嵌套进来
images = GoodsImageSerializer(many=True)
class Meta:
model = Goods
fields = '__all__'
8.2.热卖商品接口实现
只需要在过滤器中增加“is_hot”就可以了
goods/filters.py里的GoodsFilter添加“is_hot”
class Meta:
model = Goods
fields = ['pricemin', 'pricemax','is_hot']
在后台设置商品的“is_hot”为True,然后前端就可以显示出来了
8.3.用户收藏接口实现
(1)序列化
user_operation/serializers.py
# user_operation/serializers.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from user_operation.models import UserFav
from rest_framework.validators import UniqueTogetherValidator
class UserFavSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
#获取当前登录的用户
user = serializers.HiddenField(
default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
)
class Meta:
#validate实现唯一联合,一个商品只能收藏一次
validators = [
UniqueTogetherValidator(
queryset=UserFav.objects.all(),
fields=('user', 'goods'),
#message的信息可以自定义
message="已经收藏"
)
]
model = UserFav
#收藏的时候需要返回商品的id,因为取消收藏的时候必须知道商品的id是多少
fields = ("user", "goods",'id')
(2)user_operation/views.py
# user_operaton/views.py
from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework import mixins
from .models import UserFav
from .serializers import UserFavSerializer
class UserFavViewset(viewsets.GenericViewSet, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin):
'''
用户收藏
'''
queryset = UserFav.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserFavSerializer
说明:继承的类
- mixins.CreateModelMixin 添加收藏(相当于创建数据库)
- mixins.DestroyModelMixin 取消删除(相当于数据库删除)
- mixins.ListModelMixin 获取已收藏的商品列表
(3)配置url
# 配置用户收藏的url
router.register(r'userfavs', UserFavViewset, base_name="userfavs")
测试代码:
访问地址:http://127.0.0.1:8000/userfavs/,收藏三个商品,查看已收藏列表
重复收藏某个商品会提示“已经收藏”
8.3.drf的权限认证
(1)自定义权限
utils文件夹下新建permissions.py,代码如下:
这个官网有实例,直接复制过来就可以了,把其中的owner改为user即可
# utils/permissions.py
from rest_framework import permissions
class IsOwnerOrReadOnly(permissions.BasePermission):
"""
Object-level permission to only allow owners of an object to edit it.
Assumes the model instance has an `owner` attribute.
"""
def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
# Read permissions are allowed to any request,
# so we'll always allow GET, HEAD or OPTIONS requests.
if request.method in permissions.SAFE_METHODS:
return True
# Instance must have an attribute named `owner`.
#obj相当于数据库中的model,这里要把owner改为我们数据库中的user
return obj.user == request.user
(2)user_operation/views
# user_operaton/views.py
from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework import mixins
from .models import UserFav
from .serializers import UserFavSerializer
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from utils.permissions import IsOwnerOrReadOnly
from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication
from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication
class UserFavViewset(viewsets.GenericViewSet, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin):
'''
用户收藏
'''
serializer_class = UserFavSerializer
#permission是用来做权限判断的
# IsAuthenticated:必须登录用户;IsOwnerOrReadOnly:必须是当前登录的用户
permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
#auth使用来做用户认证的
authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication,SessionAuthentication)
#搜索的字段
lookup_field = 'goods_id'
def get_queryset(self):
#只能查看当前登录用户的收藏,不会获取所有用户的收藏
return UserFav.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)
说明:
- 只有登录用户才可以收藏
- 用户只能获取自己的收藏,不能获取所有用户的收藏
- JSONWebTokenAuthentication认证不应该全局配置,因为用户获取商品信息或者其它页面的时候并不需要此认证,所以这个认证只要局部中添加就可以
- 删除settings中的'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication',
8.4.用户收藏功能和vue联调
修改为local_host
//收藏
export const addFav = params => { return axios.post(`${local_host}/userfavs/`, params) }
//取消收藏
export const delFav = goodsId => { return axios.delete(`${local_host}/userfavs/`+goodsId+'/') }
export const getAllFavs = () => { return axios.get(`${local_host}/userfavs/`) }
//判断是否收藏
export const getFav = goodsId => { return axios.get(`${local_host}/userfavs/`+goodsId+'/') }
- 删除收藏:根据商品'goods_id'
- 已收藏的商品显示“已收藏”,没有收藏就显示“收藏”