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  • configparser模块

    configparser模块

    该模块适用于配置文件的格式与windows ini文件类似,可以包含一个或多个节(section),每个节可以有多个参数(键=值)。

    单词翻译 section : 章节,部分

    来看一个好多软件的常见文档格式如下:

    [DEFAULT]
    serveraliveinter = 45
    compression = yes
    compressionlevel = 9
    forwardx11 = yes
    
    [bitbucket.org]
    user = hg
    
    [topsecret.server.com]
    port = 50022
    forwardx11 = no
    

    如果想用python生成这样一个文档怎么做呢?

    创建文件

    import configparser
    
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config["DEFAULT"] = {'ServerAliveInter':'45',
                         'Compression':'yes',
                         'CompressionLevel':'9',
                         'ForwardX11':'yes'
                         }
    config["bitbucket.org"] = {'User': 'hg'}
    config["topsecret.server.com"] = {'Port': '50022', 'ForwardX11': 'no'}
    with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile:
        config.write(configfile)
    

    查找文件

    import configparser
    
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    #---------------------------查找文件内容,基于字典的形式
    print(config.sections())      # []
    config.read('example.ini')
    print(config.sections())      # ['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']
    
    print('bitbucket' in config)   #False
    print('bitbucket.org' in config)   #True
    
    print(config['DEFAULT']['Compression'])   #yes
    print(config['bitbucket.org']['User'])    #hg
    
    print(config['bitbucket.org'])   #<Section: bitbucket.org>
    
    for key in config['bitbucket.org']:     # 注意,有default会默认default的键
    	print(key)
    
    print(config.options('bitbucket.org'))  # 同for循环,找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键
    
    print(config.items('bitbucket.org'))    #找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键值对
    
    for k in config['bitbucket.org']:    #同上打印键值对
    	print(k,config['bitbucket.org'][k])    
    
    print(config.get('bitbucket.org','compression')) # yes       get方法取深层嵌套的值
    
    
    #后5个执行结果:
    user
    serveraliveinter
    compression
    compressionlevel
    forwardx11
    
    ['user', 'serveraliveinter', 'compression', 'compressionlevel', 'forwardx11']
    
    [('serveraliveinter', '45'), ('compression', 'yes'), ('compressionlevel', '9'), ('forwardx11', 'yes'), ('user', 'hg')]
    
    user hg
    serveraliveinter 45
    compression yes
    compressionlevel 9
    forwardx11 yes
    
    yes
    

    增删改操作

    import configparser
    
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    
    config.read('example.ini')
    
    config.add_section('test')     #增加一个章节,必须重新写入文件才永久生效
    
    config.remove_section('bitbucket.org')  #删除一个章节
    config.remove_option('topsecret.server.com',"forwardx11")   #删除一个章节里的一个键值
    
    
    config.set('topsecret.server.com','k1','11111')  #设置章节里的键值
    config.set('test','k2','22222')
    
    config.write(open('new2.ini', "w"))
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liao-lin/p/7208884.html
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