| Searching Quickly |
Time limit: 3.000 seconds
Background
Searching and sorting are part of the theory and practice of computer science. For example, binary search provides a good example of an easy-to-understand algorithm with sub-linear complexity. Quicksort is an efficient 
[average case] comparison based sort.
KWIC-indexing is an indexing method that permits efficient ``human search'' of, for example, a list of titles.
The Problem
Given a list of titles and a list of ``words to ignore'', you are to write a program that generates a KWIC (Key Word In Context) index of the titles. In a KWIC-index, a title is listed once for each keyword that occurs in the title. The KWIC-index is alphabetized by keyword.
Any word that is not one of the ``words to ignore'' is a potential keyword.
For example, if words to ignore are ``the, of, and, as, a'' and the list of titles is:
Descent of Man The Ascent of Man The Old Man and The Sea A Portrait of The Artist As a Young Man
A KWIC-index of these titles might be given by:
a portrait of the ARTIST as a young man
the ASCENT of man
DESCENT of man
descent of MAN
the ascent of MAN
the old MAN and the sea
a portrait of the artist as a young MAN
the OLD man and the sea
a PORTRAIT of the artist as a young man
the old man and the SEA
a portrait of the artist as a YOUNG man
The Input
The input is a sequence of lines, the string :: is used to separate the list of words to ignore from the list of titles. Each of the words to ignore appears in lower-case letters on a line by itself and is no more than 10 characters in length. Each title appears on a line by itself and may consist of mixed-case (upper and lower) letters. Words in a title are separated by whitespace. No title contains more than 15 words.
There will be no more than 50 words to ignore, no more than than 200 titles, and no more than 10,000 characters in the titles and words to ignore combined. No characters other than 'a'-'z', 'A'-'Z', and white space will appear in the input.
The Output
The output should be a KWIC-index of the titles, with each title appearing once for each keyword in the title, and with the KWIC-index alphabetized by keyword. If a word appears more than once in a title, each instance is a potential keyword.
The keyword should appear in all upper-case letters. All other words in a title should be in lower-case letters. Titles in the KWIC-index with the same keyword should appear in the same order as they appeared in the input file. In the case where multiple instances of a word are keywords in the same title, the keywords should be capitalized in left-to-right order.
Case (upper or lower) is irrelevant when determining if a word is to be ignored.
The titles in the KWIC-index need NOT be justified or aligned by keyword, all titles may be listed left-justified.
Sample Input
is the of and as a but :: Descent of Man The Ascent of Man The Old Man and The Sea A Portrait of The Artist As a Young Man A Man is a Man but Bubblesort IS A DOG
Sample Output
a portrait of the ARTIST as a young man the ASCENT of man a man is a man but BUBBLESORT is a dog DESCENT of man a man is a man but bubblesort is a DOG descent of MAN the ascent of MAN the old MAN and the sea a portrait of the artist as a young MAN a MAN is a man but bubblesort is a dog a man is a MAN but bubblesort is a dog the OLD man and the sea a PORTRAIT of the artist as a young man the old man and the SEA a portrait of the artist as a YOUNG man
#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<ctype.h> #define MAXN 400 char title[204][MAXN]; char keyword[52][14]; typedef struct charter{ char character[MAXN]; //存储每个裁剪下来的单词 int rank; // 表示这个单词属于那行title int start, end; // 这个单词在title中的位置 }charter; charter mes[3004]; int dealenter(char *temp) {// 处理fgets函数的“不和谐”，同时在每个title后缀处加‘ ’以便处理 int len = strlen(temp); if(temp[len-1] == '\n') temp[len-1] = ' '; else temp[len++] = ' ', temp[len] = '\0'; return 0; } int calculate(int n1, int n2, int n3) {// 对单词进行排序 int i, j, k, flag; charter temp; for(i=0; i<n3-1; ++i) { flag = 1; for(j=0; j<n3-1-i; ++j) { if(strcmp(mes[j].character, mes[j+1].character) > 0) { flag = 0; temp = mes[j], mes[j] = mes[j+1], mes[j+1] = temp; } } if(flag) break; } return 0; } int shuai(int n1, char *from) {// 判断单词是否需要被忽略，返回1表示应该被忽略 int i, j, flag = 0; for(i=0; i<n1; ++i) { if(strcmp(keyword[i], from) == 0) {flag = 1; break;} } return flag; } int lastline(int n1, int n2, int n3) {// 输出处理 int i, j, k, t, flag, len, start, end; for(i=0; i<n3; ++i) { if(!shuai(n1, mes[i].character)) { j = mes[i].rank; start = mes[i].start, end = mes[i].end; for(t=0; t<start; ++t) printf("%c", title[j][t]); len = strlen(mes[i].character); for(k=0; k<len; ++k) printf("%c", mes[i].character[k] - ('a' - 'A')); len = strlen(title[j]); for(k=end+1; k<len; ++k) printf("%c", title[j][k]); printf("\n"); } } } int main() { int i, j, t, k, n, m, count, cnt3, cnt1, cnt2, cnt4, flag, flag2, len, doc; char temp[MAXN]; flag = cnt1 = cnt2 = cnt3 = 0; while(fgets(temp, MAXN, stdin) != NULL) { dealenter(temp); len = strlen(temp); if(strcmp(temp, ":: ") == 0) flag = 1; else if(!flag) {// 存储 ignore-words strcpy(keyword[cnt1], temp); keyword[cnt1++][len-1] = '\0'; } else {// 存储每行title的同时，将每个title中的单词进行分割，存储到结构体数组中 for(i=0,flag2=cnt4=0,doc=-1; i<len; ++i) { if(temp[i] != ' ') { if(doc == -1) doc = i; if(isupper(temp[i])) mes[cnt3].character[cnt4++] = temp[i] = towlower(temp[i]); else mes[cnt3].character[cnt4++] = temp[i]; flag2 = 1; } else if(flag2) { mes[cnt3].rank = cnt2, mes[cnt3].start = doc, mes[cnt3].end = i-1; mes[cnt3].character[cnt4] = '\0'; cnt3++, cnt4 = 0; flag2 = 0, doc = -1; } } strcpy(title[cnt2], temp); title[cnt2++][len-1] = '\0'; } } calculate(cnt1, cnt2, cnt3); lastline(cnt1, cnt2, cnt3); return 0; }
解题报告：
Runtime Error X 2 [据其原因是最后忘了加 return 0 ！！！ 果然，有很长时间没做题了]
看题目找思路，我的做法比较愚笨：
首先需要将ignore-word 和 titles[换成lowcase后的character] 用数组存储起来
然后在title中做文章，将每个单词从中分割出来，需要存储的信息是这个单词属于哪一title，并存储title中所在的位置[下标表示]
将取出的单词进行按字典顺序排序
筛掉需要忽略掉的单词
对每个剩下的单词，根据已存储的其他关于此单词的信息，找到所属的title，分三部分按题目要求样式输出
测试数据提供：
Sample Input: the for on in and is it american canadian great lakes :: The Niagara Falls are voluminous waterfalls on the Niagara River straddling the international border between the Canadian province of Ontario and the U S state of New York The falls are N miles BBBBBBSSSM kmBBBBBBSSS north northwest of Buffalo New York and S miles BBBBBBSSSZ kmBBBBBBSSS south southeast of Toronto Ontario between the twin cities of Niagara Falls Ontario and Niagara Falls New York Niagara Falls is composed of two major sections separated by Goat Island: Horseshoe Falls the majority of which lies on the Canadian side of the border and American Falls on the American side The smaller Bridal Veil Falls are also located on the American side separated from the main falls by Luna Island Niagara Falls were formed when glaciers receded at the end of the Wisconsin glaciation BBBBBBSSSthe last ice ageBBBBBBSSS and water from the newly formed Great Lakes carved a path through the Niagara Escarpment en route to the Atlantic Ocean While not exceptionally high the Niagara Falls are very wide More than six million cubic feet BBBBBBSSSXYZKLM mSBBBBBBSSS of water falls over the crest line every minute in high flow and almost F million cubic feet BBBBBBSSSXYZKLM mSBBBBBBSSS on average It is the most powerful waterfall in North America The Niagara Falls are renowned both for their beauty and as a valuable source of hydroelectric power Managing the balance between recreational commercial and industrial uses has been a challenge for the stewards of the falls since the TKLMs Sample Output: and water from the newly formed great lakes carved A path through as A valuable source of hydroelectric power managing the has been A challenge for the stewards of the falls since the tklms receded at the end of the wisconsin glaciation bbbbbbsssthe last ice AGEBBBBBBSSS over the crest line every minute in high flow and ALMOST american side the smaller bridal veil falls are ALSO powerful waterfall in north AMERICA the niagara falls ARE voluminous waterfalls on the niagara river of ontario and the u s state of new york the falls ARE american side the smaller bridal veil falls ARE also while not exceptionally high the niagara falls ARE very wide the niagara falls ARE renowned both for their beauty and AS a valuable source of hydroelectric power managing the receded AT the end of the wisconsin glaciation bbbbbbsssthe last ice agebbbbbbsss the niagara escarpment en route to the ATLANTIC ocean f million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss on AVERAGE it is the most BALANCE between recreational commercial and industrial uses n miles BBBBBBSSSM kmbbbbbbsss north northwest of buffalo new york and receded at the end of the wisconsin glaciation BBBBBBSSSTHE last ice agebbbbbbsss more than six million cubic feet BBBBBBSSSXYZKLM msbbbbbbsss of water falls f million cubic feet BBBBBBSSSXYZKLM msbbbbbbsss on average it is the most s miles BBBBBBSSSZ kmbbbbbbsss south southeast of toronto ontario the niagara falls are renowned both for their BEAUTY and has BEEN a challenge for the stewards of the falls since the tklms straddling the international border BETWEEN the canadian province BETWEEN the twin cities of niagara falls ontario balance BETWEEN recreational commercial and industrial uses straddling the international BORDER between the canadian province canadian side of the BORDER and american falls on the the niagara falls are renowned BOTH for their beauty and american side the smaller BRIDAL veil falls are also n miles bbbbbbsssm kmbbbbbbsss north northwest of BUFFALO new york and of two major sections separated BY goat island: BY luna island niagara falls were formed when glaciers and water from the newly formed great lakes CARVED a path through has been a CHALLENGE for the stewards of the falls since the tklms between the twin CITIES of niagara falls ontario balance between recreational COMMERCIAL and industrial uses and niagara falls new york niagara falls is COMPOSED over the CREST line every minute in high flow and almost more than six million CUBIC feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss of water falls f million CUBIC feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss on average it is the most the niagara escarpment EN route to the atlantic ocean receded at the END of the wisconsin glaciation bbbbbbsssthe last ice agebbbbbbsss the niagara ESCARPMENT en route to the atlantic ocean over the crest line EVERY minute in high flow and almost while not EXCEPTIONALLY high the niagara falls are very wide F million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss on average it is the most the niagara FALLS are voluminous waterfalls on the niagara river of ontario and the u s state of new york the FALLS are between the twin cities of niagara FALLS ontario and niagara FALLS new york niagara falls is composed and niagara falls new york niagara FALLS is composed horseshoe FALLS the majority of which lies on the canadian side of the border and american FALLS on the american side the smaller bridal veil FALLS are also located on the american side separated from the main FALLS by luna island niagara FALLS were formed when glaciers while not exceptionally high the niagara FALLS are very wide more than six million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss of water FALLS the niagara FALLS are renowned both for their beauty and has been a challenge for the stewards of the FALLS since the tklms more than six million cubic FEET bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss of water falls f million cubic FEET bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss on average it is the most over the crest line every minute in high FLOW and almost by luna island niagara falls were FORMED when glaciers and water from the newly FORMED great lakes carved a path through located on the american side separated FROM the main falls and water FROM the newly formed great lakes carved a path through receded at the end of the wisconsin GLACIATION bbbbbbsssthe last ice agebbbbbbsss by luna island niagara falls were formed when GLACIERS of two major sections separated by GOAT island: HAS been a challenge for the stewards of the falls since the tklms while not exceptionally HIGH the niagara falls are very wide over the crest line every minute in HIGH flow and almost HORSESHOE falls the majority of which lies on the as a valuable source of HYDROELECTRIC power managing the receded at the end of the wisconsin glaciation bbbbbbsssthe last ICE agebbbbbbsss balance between recreational commercial and INDUSTRIAL uses straddling the INTERNATIONAL border between the canadian province by luna ISLAND niagara falls were formed when glaciers of two major sections separated by goat ISLAND n miles bbbbbbsssm KMBBBBBBSSS north northwest of buffalo new york and s miles bbbbbbsssz KMBBBBBBSSS south southeast of toronto ontario receded at the end of the wisconsin glaciation bbbbbbsssthe LAST ice agebbbbbbsss horseshoe falls the majority of which LIES on the over the crest LINE every minute in high flow and almost LOCATED on the american side separated from the main falls by LUNA island niagara falls were formed when glaciers located on the american side separated from the MAIN falls of two MAJOR sections separated by goat island: horseshoe falls the MAJORITY of which lies on the as a valuable source of hydroelectric power MANAGING the n MILES bbbbbbsssm kmbbbbbbsss north northwest of buffalo new york and s MILES bbbbbbsssz kmbbbbbbsss south southeast of toronto ontario more than six MILLION cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss of water falls f MILLION cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss on average it is the most over the crest line every MINUTE in high flow and almost MORE than six million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss of water falls f million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss on average it is the MOST more than six million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm MSBBBBBBSSS of water falls f million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm MSBBBBBBSSS on average it is the most N miles bbbbbbsssm kmbbbbbbsss north northwest of buffalo new york and of ontario and the u s state of NEW york the falls are n miles bbbbbbsssm kmbbbbbbsss north northwest of buffalo NEW york and and niagara falls NEW york niagara falls is composed and water from the NEWLY formed great lakes carved a path through the NIAGARA falls are voluminous waterfalls on the niagara river the niagara falls are voluminous waterfalls on the NIAGARA river between the twin cities of NIAGARA falls ontario and NIAGARA falls new york niagara falls is composed and niagara falls new york NIAGARA falls is composed by luna island NIAGARA falls were formed when glaciers the NIAGARA escarpment en route to the atlantic ocean while not exceptionally high the NIAGARA falls are very wide the NIAGARA falls are renowned both for their beauty and n miles bbbbbbsssm kmbbbbbbsss NORTH northwest of buffalo new york and powerful waterfall in NORTH america n miles bbbbbbsssm kmbbbbbbsss north NORTHWEST of buffalo new york and while NOT exceptionally high the niagara falls are very wide the niagara escarpment en route to the atlantic OCEAN OF ontario and the u s state of new york the falls are of ontario and the u s state OF new york the falls are n miles bbbbbbsssm kmbbbbbbsss north northwest OF buffalo new york and s miles bbbbbbsssz kmbbbbbbsss south southeast OF toronto ontario between the twin cities OF niagara falls ontario OF two major sections separated by goat island: horseshoe falls the majority OF which lies on the canadian side OF the border and american falls on the receded at the end OF the wisconsin glaciation bbbbbbsssthe last ice agebbbbbbsss more than six million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss OF water falls as a valuable source OF hydroelectric power managing the has been a challenge for the stewards OF the falls since the tklms of ONTARIO and the u s state of new york the falls are s miles bbbbbbsssz kmbbbbbbsss south southeast of toronto ONTARIO between the twin cities of niagara falls ONTARIO OVER the crest line every minute in high flow and almost and water from the newly formed great lakes carved a PATH through as a valuable source of hydroelectric POWER managing the POWERFUL waterfall in north america straddling the international border between the canadian PROVINCE RECEDED at the end of the wisconsin glaciation bbbbbbsssthe last ice agebbbbbbsss balance between RECREATIONAL commercial and industrial uses the niagara falls are RENOWNED both for their beauty and the niagara falls are voluminous waterfalls on the niagara RIVER the niagara escarpment en ROUTE to the atlantic ocean of ontario and the u S state of new york the falls are S miles bbbbbbsssz kmbbbbbbsss south southeast of toronto ontario of two major SECTIONS separated by goat island: of two major sections SEPARATED by goat island: located on the american side SEPARATED from the main falls canadian SIDE of the border and american falls on the american SIDE the smaller bridal veil falls are also located on the american SIDE separated from the main falls has been a challenge for the stewards of the falls SINCE the tklms more than SIX million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss of water falls american side the SMALLER bridal veil falls are also as a valuable SOURCE of hydroelectric power managing the s miles bbbbbbsssz kmbbbbbbsss SOUTH southeast of toronto ontario s miles bbbbbbsssz kmbbbbbbsss south SOUTHEAST of toronto ontario of ontario and the u s STATE of new york the falls are has been a challenge for the STEWARDS of the falls since the tklms STRADDLING the international border between the canadian province more THAN six million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss of water falls the niagara falls are renowned both for THEIR beauty and and water from the newly formed great lakes carved a path THROUGH has been a challenge for the stewards of the falls since the TKLMS the niagara escarpment en route TO the atlantic ocean s miles bbbbbbsssz kmbbbbbbsss south southeast of TORONTO ontario between the TWIN cities of niagara falls ontario of TWO major sections separated by goat island: of ontario and the U s state of new york the falls are balance between recreational commercial and industrial USES as a VALUABLE source of hydroelectric power managing the american side the smaller bridal VEIL falls are also while not exceptionally high the niagara falls are VERY wide the niagara falls are VOLUMINOUS waterfalls on the niagara river and WATER from the newly formed great lakes carved a path through more than six million cubic feet bbbbbbsssxyzklm msbbbbbbsss of WATER falls powerful WATERFALL in north america the niagara falls are voluminous WATERFALLS on the niagara river by luna island niagara falls WERE formed when glaciers by luna island niagara falls were formed WHEN glaciers horseshoe falls the majority of WHICH lies on the WHILE not exceptionally high the niagara falls are very wide while not exceptionally high the niagara falls are very WIDE receded at the end of the WISCONSIN glaciation bbbbbbsssthe last ice agebbbbbbsss of ontario and the u s state of new YORK the falls are n miles bbbbbbsssm kmbbbbbbsss north northwest of buffalo new YORK and and niagara falls new YORK niagara falls is composed
