之前都是使用Redhat 或者Centos 等rpm的linux ，开始使用ubuntu 很不习惯
1. 安装命令
Centos : yum install httpd Ubuntu: sudo apt-get install apache2 或者sudo aptitude install apache2
yum list
yum search sudo apt-cache search
2. 安装包管理
Centos ： rpm -ql httpd 查看rpm包安装位置
rpm -qf 文件 查看文件所属rpm包
rpm -qa|grep 查看是否安装了相应的rpm包
Ubuntu ： dpkg -l |grep 类似rpm -qa|grep
dpkg-query -l git-core gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential zip curl zlib1g-dev libc6-dev lib32ncurses5-dev ia32-libs x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev lib32readline5-dev lib32z-dev libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos linux-libc-dev g++-4.4-multilib libc6-dev-i386 lib32z1-dev wine1.2 subversion
+++-======================================-======================================-============================================================================================
ii bison 1:2.4.1.dfsg-3 A parser generator that is compatible with YACC
ii build-essential 11.4build1 Informational list of build-essential packages
ii curl 7.19.7-1ubuntu1.3 Get a file from an HTTP, HTTPS or FTP server
ii flex 2.5.35-9 A fast lexical analyzer generator.
ii g++-4.4-multilib 4.4.3-4ubuntu5.1 The GNU C++ compiler (multilib files)
ii g++-multilib 4:4.4.3-1ubuntu1 The GNU C++ compiler (multilib files)
ii git-core 1:1.7.0.4-1ubuntu0.2 fast, scalable, distributed revision control system
ii gnupg 1.4.10-2ubuntu1.4 GNU privacy guard - a free PGP replacement
ii gperf 3.0.3-1build3 Perfect hash function generator
ii ia32-libs 2.7ubuntu26.1 ia32 shared libraries for use on amd64 and ia64 systems
ii lib32ncurses5-dev 5.7+20090803-2ubuntu3 developer's libraries for ncurses (32-bit)
ii lib32readline5-dev 5.2-7build1 GNU readline and history libraries, development files (32-bit)
un lib32z-dev (no description available)
ii lib32z1-dev 1:1.2.3.3.dfsg-15ubuntu1 compression library - 32 bit development
ii libc6-dev 2.11.1-0ubuntu7.12 Embedded GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Header Files
ii libc6-dev-i386 2.11.1-0ubuntu7.12 GNU C Library: 32-bit development libraries for AMD64
ii libgl1-mesa-dev 7.7.1-1ubuntu3.1 A free implementation of the OpenGL API -- GLX development files
ii libx11-dev 2:1.3.2-1ubuntu3.1 X11 client-side library (development headers)
ii linux-libc-dev 2.6.32-51.113 Linux Kernel Headers for development
ii mingw32 4.2.1.dfsg-1ubuntu2 Minimalist GNU win32 (cross) compiler
ii subversion 1.6.6dfsg-2ubuntu1.3 Advanced version control system
ii tofrodos 1.7.8.debian.1-2 Converts DOS <-> Unix text files, alias tofromdos
ii wine1.2 1.2.2-0ubuntu2~lucid1 Microsoft Windows Compatibility Layer (Binary Emulator and Library)
ii x11proto-core-dev 7.0.16-1 X11 core wire protocol and auxiliary headers
ii zip 3.0-2 Archiver for .zip files
ii zlib1g-dev 1:1.2.3.3.dfsg-15ubuntu1 compression library - development
以上命令类似rpm -ql
dpkg-query -L 包名 类似于rpm -ql 可以用来查看安装包都包含哪些内容都安装到哪里了