CountDownLatch,一个同步辅助类,在完成一组正在其他线程中执行的操作之前,它允许一个或多个线程一直等待。
主要方法
public CountDownLatch(int count);
public void countDown();
public void await() throws InterruptedException
public CountDownLatch(int count);在构造器中传入count值,表示需要等待被执行完成的线程/任务数目。
countDown() 当某一个线程执行完相应的操作后,调用countDown()标示这个操作已经完成。
await() ,通过调用await()声明当线程需要等待其他任务执行完成后才可以进行后续操作。
public class CountDownLatchDemo { final static SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { CountDownLatch latch=new CountDownLatch(2);//两个工人的协作 Worker worker1=new Worker("zhang san", 5000, latch); Worker worker2=new Worker("li si", 8000, latch); worker1.start();// worker2.start();// latch.await();//等待所有工人完成工作 System.out.println("all work done at "+sdf.format(new Date())); } static class Worker extends Thread{ String workerName; int workTime; CountDownLatch latch; public Worker(String workerName ,int workTime ,CountDownLatch latch){ this.workerName=workerName; this.workTime=workTime; this.latch=latch; } public void run(){ System.out.println("Worker "+workerName+" do work begin at "+sdf.format(new Date())); doWork();//工作了 System.out.println("Worker "+workerName+" do work complete at "+sdf.format(new Date())); latch.countDown();//工人完成工作,计数器减一 } private void doWork(){ try { Thread.sleep(workTime); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
另外一个例子: 多个运动员在起点位置准备跑步,在全部准备好了之后才可以起跑;运动员全部到终点后,比赛才算结束。
// 一个CountDouwnLatch实例是不能重复使用的,也就是说它是一次性的,锁一经被打开就不能再关闭使用了,如果想重复使用,请考虑使用CyclicBarrier。 public class CountDownLatchTest { // 模拟了100米赛跑,10名选手已经准备就绪,只等裁判一声令下。当所有人都到达终点时,比赛结束。 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { // 开始的倒数锁 final CountDownLatch begin = new CountDownLatch(1); // 结束的倒数锁 final CountDownLatch end = new CountDownLatch(10); // 十名选手 final ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10); for (int index = 0; index < 10; index++) { final int NO = index + 1; Runnable run = new Runnable() { public void run() { try { // 如果当前计数为零,则此方法立即返回。 // 等待 begin.await(); Thread.sleep((long) (Math.random() * 10000)); System.out.println("No." + NO + " arrived"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } finally { // 每个选手到达终点时,end就减一 end.countDown(); } } }; exec.submit(run); } System.out.println("Game Start"); // begin减一,开始游戏 begin.countDown(); // 等待end变为0,即所有选手到达终点 end.await(); System.out.println("Game Over"); exec.shutdown(); } }