oracle 行转列和列转行

WITH L AS
 (SELECT LEVEL AS LV FROM DUAL CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 9  ),
 m AS (
SELECT A.LV AS LV_A,
       B.LV AS LV_B,
       TO_CHAR(B.LV) || 'x' || TO_CHAR(A.LV) || '=' ||
       RPAD(TO_CHAR(A.LV * B.LV), 2, ' ') AS TEXT
  FROM L A, L B
 WHERE b.LV <= a.LV  )
 SELECT listagg( m.text,' ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY m.lv_b ) AS 九九表 
 FROM m 
 GROUP BY m.lv_a
 ;

列转行 练习题；

SELECT 部门,nvl(职员,0.00),nvl(推销员,0.00),nvl(董事长,0.00),nvl(总经理,0.00),nvl(分析员,0.00)
FROM (
SELECT
     to_char(a.deptno) AS 部门,
      MIN(DECODE(a.job,'CLERK',a.avg_sal)) 职员,
      MIN(DECODE(a.job,'SALESMAN',a.avg_sal)) 推销员,
      MIN(dECODE(a.job,'PRESIDENT',a.avg_sal)) 董事长,
      MIN(DECODE(a.job,'MANAGER',a.avg_sal)) 总经理,
      MIN(DECODE(a.job,'ANALYST',a.avg_sal)) 分析员
FROM (
SELECT
      e.deptno ,
      e.job,
      ROUND (AVG(sal),5) avg_sal
FROM emp e
GROUP BY e.job,e.deptno
ORDER BY e.deptno
) a
GROUP BY a.deptno
ORDER BY a.deptno
)
UNION ALL 
SELECT 部门,nvl(职员,0.00),nvl(推销员,0.00),nvl(董事长,0.00),nvl(总经理,0.00),nvl(分析员,0.00)
 FROM( 
SELECT 
        '职位总和' AS 部门,
        max(sum(DECODE(job,'CLERK',sal))) AS 职员,
        max(sum(DECODE(job,'SALESMAN',sal))) AS 推销员,
        max(sum(DECODE(job,'PRESIDENT',sal))) AS 董事长,
        max(sum(DECODE(job,'MANAGER',sal))) AS 总经理,
       max( sum(DECODE(job,'ANALYST',sal))) AS 分析员
FROM emp
GROUP BY job

) 
UNION ALL
SELECT 部门,nvl(职员,0.00),nvl(推销员,0.00),nvl(董事长,0.00),nvl(总经理,0.00),nvl(分析员,0.00)
 FROM( 
SELECT 
        '平均值' AS 部门,
        min(DECODE(job,'CLERK',ROUND (AVG(sal),5))) AS 职员,
        min(DECODE(job,'SALESMAN',ROUND (AVG(sal),5))) AS 推销员,
        min(DECODE(job,'PRESIDENT',ROUND (AVG(sal),5))) AS 董事长,
        min(DECODE(job,'MANAGER',ROUND (AVG(sal),5))) AS 总经理,
        min(DECODE(job,'ANALYST',ROUND (AVG(sal),5))) AS 分析员
FROM emp
GROUP BY job

);

上例题的简化版 ：

/*
1.先用使用decode()进行行转列查出基础数据作为A表！ ; ;
2.B表对A表中的数据进行汇总然后进行合并;
*/ 
WITH a AS ( 
SELECT 
      to_char(deptno)                    AS deptno  ,
      SUM(DECODE(job,'ANALYST',sal,0))   AS ANALYST,
      SUM(DECODE(job,'CLERK',sal,0))     AS  CLERK,
      SUM(DECODE(job,'MANAGER',sal,0))   AS MANAGER,
      SUM(DECODE(job,'PRESIDENT',sal,0)) AS  PRESIDENT,
      SUM(DECODE(job,'SALESMAN',sal,0))  AS SALESMAN ,
      SUM(sal) AS  总和
FROM  scott.EMP
GROUP BY deptno 
ORDER BY 1 ),
b AS (
SELECT '总和', 
       sum(ANALYST), 
       sum(CLERK), 
       sum(MANAGER), 
       sum(PRESIDENT), 
       sum(SALESMAN) ,
       SUM(总和) FROM a )
SELECT * FROM a 
UNION ALL 
SELECT * FROM b ;