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Tutorial: Create an ASP.NET Core Blazor WebAssembly app using Microsoft Dataverse

Unsure about entity vs. table? See Developers: Understand terminology in Microsoft Dataverse.

Use the steps in this tutorial to create a Blazor WebAssembly app that connects to the Dataverse. The focus of this topic is to understand the necessary steps to authenticate a user with a specific Dataverse instance and retrieve data.

Blazor WebAssembly is one of two hosting models available for ASP.NET Core Blazor, the other is Blazor Server. For a complete description of the differences, see ASP.NET Core Blazor hosting models.

This tutorial depends on the instructions in the Secure an ASP.NET Core Blazor WebAssembly standalone app with Azure Active Directory topic. Because Dataverse uses Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) for authentication, this tutorial will describe how to modify the basic app created using the app template provided so that it can connect to Dataverse.

Goal

When you complete this tutorial, you will have a Blazor WebAssembly app that displays data from the Dataverse Account table that the authenticated user has access to.

Represents the goal of this tutorial.

Prerequisites

To complete this tutorial, you must have:

Access to a Dataverse environment with a database
A Dataverse user with a security role that provides read access to the Account and Contact tables
Understanding of the C# programming language
Understanding of ASP.NET Core Blazor is helpful but not required
The latest version of Visual Studio 2019 with the ASP.NET and web development workload installed.

Step 1: Verify prerequisites and information about the database

Let’s make sure that your environment is configured properly, and you understand where to perform the actions in Step 2.

Verify Dataverse database

Sign in to Power Apps.
Select Solutions in the navigation pane.
If you don’t see a list of installed solutions, use the environment selector at the top to choose a different environment that has a database. Otherwise create a new environment.

Get the Dataverse Web API URI

You will need the Instance Web API Service Root URL. This is found on the Developer Resources page of your Dataverse environment.

Follow the instructions found in View or download developer resources to copy the Url.

It will look something like this: https://yourorgname.api.crm.dynamics.com/api/data/v9.1/

Navigate to the Azure Active Directory portal

Sign in to Power Apps.
In the ‘waffle’ icon at the top left and select Admin.
This will take you to the Microsoft 365 admin center. In the left navigation, click Show all and select Azure Active Directory.
This will take you to the Azure Active Directory admin center. Expand the left navigation pane and select Azure Active Directory.

This takes you to the starting point for Step 2.

Step 2: Create a Blazor WebAssembly standalone app using Azure AD for authentication

The Secure an ASP.NET Core Blazor WebAssembly standalone app with Azure Active Directory topic provides a complete set of instructions to create the app.

These steps will describe how to create an app registration in Azure AD and run a .NET Core CLI command to generate the scaffold for the basic app with support for Azure AD authentication.

Note

At this time, you must use the .NET Core CLI command to generate the app. There is no template for this specific type of app when creating a project using Visual Studio.

Go to Secure an ASP.NET Core Blazor WebAssembly standalone app with Azure Active Directory and follow the instructions there to generate the basic app template.

Note

The rest of the content in this section provides supplemental information to assist in completing the steps described in the Secure an ASP.NET Core Blazor WebAssembly standalone app with Azure Active Directorytopic.

You may want to review this as you complete those steps, but it is not required. When you are done, come back here and start with Step 3 Grant API permissions.

Registering the application involves completing a form. The default value for the Redirect URI includes a placeholder for the port value. You must replace the placeholder with a number value to complete the registration, for example, just add 1111 for now. You can provide the randomly generated port value later after you open the project in Visual Studio. See Update callback URL.

The form to register an application in Azure Active Directory.

This will generate two ID values that you will need to include in the .NET Core CLI command. The following placeholders will be used in the content. You must use the values generated by the application registration process.

The Application (Client) Id : Placeholder: 11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111
Directory (Tenant) Id : Placeholder: 22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222

Important

Follow the instructions in the Secure an ASP.NET Core Blazor WebAssembly standalone app with Azure Active Directory topic to enable Access Tokens and ID tokens to enable the implicit grant and save your changes.

The .NET Core CLI command can be formatted this way and include a parameter to specify where the project should be created. You can run the command in an ordinary command window.

.NET CLI

dotnet new blazorwasm^
 -au SingleOrg^
 --client-id "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"^
 --tenant-id "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"^
 -o "A:ProjectsBlazor-Standalone-AAD Example"

After you have run the command, navigate to the output folder and open the .csproj file using Visual Studio 2019.

The files generated by the template viewed in windows explorer.

Within Visual Studio 2019 the project looks like this:

The project generated by the template viewedin the Visual Studio solution explorer.

The rest of the Secure an ASP.NET Core Blazor WebAssembly standalone app with Azure Active Directory topic describes the components of the app template.

Update callback URL

The port setting used by Visual Studio is randomly generated. The callback URI in the application registration must be updated so that you can debug the app.

In Visual Studio, open the project properties and select Debug.
Under Web Server Settings copy the Enable SSL value that includes the random port assigned for debugging
Return to your app registration in Azure AD, In the Authentication section, change the Redirect URI to include this root Uri, then save your changes

Verify that the app runs

Now that the Redirect URI has been updated; you should be able to press F5 in Visual Studio to run the app.

The default behavior of the Blazor WebAssembly app before changes are made.

At this point, all the capabilities of the app work whether you log-in or not. Only members of the Azure AD tenant can log in.

Step 3: Grant API permissions

To connect to Dataverse, you must configure permissions for the app to connect.

Return to your app registration in Azure AD, In the API permissions section, click Add a permission.
In the Request API permissions area, select APIs my organization uses and search for Common Data Service.
Select Common Data Service.
Select the user_impersonation permission

Note

Dynamics CRM and Dataverse refer to the same service.
Click Add permissions.
(Optional) For the Configured permissions, click Grant Admin consent for [Your Azure Active Directory tenant name]. In the screenshot below the tenant name is ‘Default Directory’. Yours may be different.

Step 4: Apply code changes

Apply changes to the following files to enable displaying Dataverse data in the application.

wwwrootappsettings.json

You will find that this file already has configuration information generated by the template with information about the application registered in Azure AD. It will look like this:

JSON

{
  "AzureAd": {
    "Authority": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222",
    "ClientId": "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111",
    "ValidateAuthority": true
  }
}

Update the file to include a new CDSWebAPI section that includes the root of the Instance Web API Service Root URL you copied in the Get the Dataverse Web API URI step.

Note

You don’t need the full URL, just the root.

JSON

{
  "AzureAd": {
    "Authority": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222",
    "ClientId": "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111",
    "ValidateAuthority": true
  },
  "CDSWebAPI": {
    "ResourceUrl": "https://yourorg.api.crm.dynamics.com",
    "Version": "v9.1",
    "TimeoutSeconds": 30
  }
}

Program.cs

Install the Microsoft.Extensions.Http NuGet package.
1. In the solution explorer, right-click the project and select Manage NuGet Packages....
2. Select Browse and search for Microsoft.Extensions.Http.
3. Install the latest version of the package.

Add the following code below the line that starts with builder.Services.AddTransient(sp => new HttpClient...

// Get configuration data about the Web API set in wwwroot/appsettings.json
var CDSWebApiConfig = builder.Configuration.GetSection("CDSWebAPI");
var resourceUrl = CDSWebApiConfig.GetSection("ResourceUrl").Value;
var version = CDSWebApiConfig.GetSection("Version").Value;
var timeoutSeconds = int.Parse(CDSWebApiConfig.GetSection("TimeoutSeconds").Value);

// Create an named definition of an HttpClient that can be created in a component page
builder.Services.AddHttpClient("CDSClient", client =>
{
    // See https://docs.microsoft.com/powerapps/developer/data-platform/webapi/compose-http-requests-handle-errors
    client.BaseAddress = new Uri($"{resourceUrl}/api/data/{version}/");
    client.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutSeconds);
    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("OData-Version", "4.0");
    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("OData-MaxVersion", "4.0");
});

Add the following code below the line that starts with builder.Configuration.Bind("AzureAd" ...

// Add access to Dataverse to the scope of the access token when the user signs in
options.ProviderOptions.DefaultAccessTokenScopes.Add($"{resourceUrl}/user_impersonation");

Add PagesFetchAccounts.razor

This is a new page that will display the account information.

In solution explorer, right click Pages and select Add > Razor Component… from the context menu and name it FetchAccounts.razor.

Replace the code in the file with the following:

CSHTML

@page "/fetchaccounts"
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebAssembly.Authentication
@using System.Net.Http.Headers
@using System.Net.Http.Json
@using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
@using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
@inject IAccessTokenProvider TokenProvider
@inject IHttpClientFactory ClientFactory
@inject ILogger<FetchAccounts> logger;

<AuthorizeView>
    @*Only show the list if the user is signed in and authorized*@
    <Authorized>
        <h3>Fetch Accounts</h3>

        @if (accounts != null)
        {
            <table class="table">
                <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th>Name</th>
                        <th>Main Phone</th>
                        <th>City</th>
                        <th>Primary Contact</th>
                        <th>Email (Primary Contact)</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                    @foreach (Account account in accounts.value)
                    {
                        <tr id="@account.accountid">
                            <td>
                                @((account.name != null)
                                ? account.name
                                : string.Empty)
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                @((account.telephone1 != null)
                                ? account.telephone1
                                : string.Empty)
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                @((account.address1_city != null)
                                ? account.address1_city
                                : string.Empty)
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                @((account.primarycontactid != null)
                                ? (account.primarycontactid.fullname != null
                                    ? account.primarycontactid.fullname
                                    : string.Empty)
                                : string.Empty)
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                @((account.primarycontactid != null)
                                ? (account.primarycontactid.emailaddress1 !=null
                                    ? account.primarycontactid.emailaddress1
                                    : string.Empty)
                                : string.Empty)
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    }
                </tbody>
            </table>
        }
        else
        {
            <p><em>@message</em></p>
        }
    </Authorized>
    <NotAuthorized>
        <h3>Authentication Failure!</h3>
        <p>You're not signed in.</p>
    </NotAuthorized>
</AuthorizeView>


@code {

    //The collection of Account records to display
    private AccountCollection accounts;

    //An informational message
    private string message = "Loading...";

    //Contains data about an error returned from the Web API
    private Error error;

    // Method invoked when the component is ready to start, having received its initial parameters from its parent in the render tree.
    // Override this method if you will perform an asynchronous operation and want the component to refresh when that operation is completed.
    protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
    {
        // Tries to get an access token for the current user with the default set of permissions.
        var tokenResult = await TokenProvider.RequestAccessToken();

        // If the token request was successful
        if (tokenResult.TryGetToken(out var token))
        {
            //Creates an HttpClient based on the named definition found in Program.Main
            var client = ClientFactory.CreateClient("CDSClient");

            //Prepare the request to get the data
            var request = new HttpRequestMessage()
            {
                Method = HttpMethod.Get,
                RequestUri = new Uri($"{client.BaseAddress}accounts?" +
                "$select=name,telephone1,address1_city&" +
                "$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname,emailaddress1)")
            };
            //Add the access token
            request.Headers.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", token.Value);
            //Specify a JSON result is expected
            request.Headers.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
            //Limit the number of results to 10
            request.Headers.Add("Prefer", "odata.maxpagesize=10");

            //Send the request
            var response = await client.SendAsync(request);

            if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
            {
                //Parse the JSON returned into a strongly typed AccountCollection
                accounts = await response.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync<AccountCollection>();
            }
            else
            {
                //Parse the JSON returned into a strongly typed Error
                error = await response.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync<Error>();
                error.statuscode = (int)response.StatusCode;
                error.reason = response.ReasonPhrase;
                //Display a message to the user
                message = "An error occurred.";
                //Log the details so they can be seen in the browser console
                logger.LogError($"{error.detail.message}");

            }

        }
        else
        {
            // Notify user that the token request was not successful
            message = "There was a problem authenticating.";
        }

    }


    // The result will be a JSON object with an array of entities set to the value property
    public class AccountCollection
    {
        public Account[] value { get; set; }
    }

    //Just the properties of the Account EntityType used for this sample
    // See https://docs.microsoft.com/dynamics365/customer-engagement/web-api/account
    public class Account
    {

        public Guid accountid { get; set; }

        public string name { get; set; }

        public string telephone1 { get; set; }

        public string address1_city { get; set; }

        public Contact primarycontactid { get; set; }

    }

    //Just the properties of the Contact EntityType that are expanded from the Account entity
    // See https://docs.microsoft.com/dynamics365/customer-engagement/web-api/contact
    public class Contact
    {

        public string fullname { get; set; }

        public string emailaddress1 { get; set; }
    }

    // Contains the error data returned by the Web API and the HttpMessageResponse
    public class Error
    {
        [JsonPropertyName("error")]
        public ErrorDetail detail { get; set; }
        public int statuscode { get; set; }
        public string reason { get; set; }

    }

    //Contains data from the Web API
    //See https://docs.microsoft.com/powerapps/developer/data-platform/webapi/compose-http-requests-handle-errors#parse-errors-from-the-response
    public class ErrorDetail
    {
        public string code { get; set; }
        public string message { get; set; }

    }
}

This code does the following:

Ensures that only authenticated users can view the page with data.
Defines a table to display Account data after it is retrieved.
Requests an accesstoken and then uses that token with an HttpRequestMessage to retrieve data from Dataverse.
Defines classes to enable strongly typed data when the JSON returned from the service is deserialized.

SharedNavMenu.razor

Edit this file to add the fetchaccounts razor component page.

Add this node where ever you like within the <ul class="nav flex-column"> element.

HTML

<li class="nav-item px-3">
    <NavLink class="nav-link" href="fetchaccounts">
        <span class="oi oi-list-rich" aria-hidden="true"></span> Fetch Accounts
    </NavLink>
</li>

Step 5: Verify it works

In Visual Studio, press F5 to launch the app with the code changes.

Before logging in, navigate to Fetch Accounts. You should expect to see the failure notification.
Log-in as a user who has access to the Dataverse data.

Note

If you did not grant admin consent in Step 3: Grant API permissions, users can expect to see a dialog like this:

You must click Accept to continue.
Navigate to Fetch Accounts and verify that the Account data is displayed as expected:

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lingdanglfw/p/15323622.html