- URL配置就像Django所支撑网站的目录。它的本质是URL模式以及要为该URL模式调用的视图函数之间的映射表。
＃ 示例:
urlpatterns = [
path(route, view, kwargs=None, name=None),
re_path(正则表达式, views视图函数, 参数, 别名),
]
# 参数说明:
# 一个正则表达式字符串
# 一个可调用对象,通常为一个视图函数或一个指定视图函数路径的字符串
# 可选的要传递给视图函数的默认参数(字典形式)
# 一个可选的name参数
# 示例一:
# mysite/mysite/urls.py
from django.urls import path, re_path
from blog import views
urlpatterns = [
path('cur_time', views.cur_time),
path('userInfo', views.userInfo),
re_path(r'^articles/2003/$', views.special_case_2003),
re_path(r'^articles/([0-9]{4})/$', views.year_archive)
re_path(r'^articles/([0-9]{4})/([0-9]{2})/', views.month_archive)
]
# mysite/blog/views.py
def special_case_2003(req):
return HttpResponse('2003')
def year_archive(req, y): # 参数y接收: ([0-9]{4}) 传入的值
return HttpResponse('year':y)
def month_archive(req, y, m):
return HttpResponse('year:'+y+'month:'+m) # 参数y接收: ([0-9]{4}) 传入的值, m 接收([0-9]{2})
# 示例二: Named groups
# 预备知识: 正则表达式
import re
ret = re.search('(?P<id>d{3})/(?P<name>w{3})', 'wwwwwfffttt555/ooo')
print(ret.group()) # 输出: 555/ooo
print(ret.group('id')) # 输出: 555
print(ret.group('name')) # 输出: ooo
# mysite/mysite/urls.py
from django.urls import path, re_path
from blog import views
urlpatterns = [
re_path(r'^articles/(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/(?P<month>[0-9]{2})/', views.month_archive)
]
# mysite/blog/views.py
def month_archive(req, year, month): # 此处形参必须为 year,month
return HttpResponse('year:'+year+'month:'+month)
# 示例三:
# mysite/mysite/urls.py
from django.urls import path, re_path
from blog import views
urlpatterns = [
re_path(r'^index/(?P<name>[0-9]{4})/', views.index, {'name':'xiaohu'})
]
# mysite/blog/views.py
def index(req, name): # 此处形参必须为 name
return HttpResponse(name) # 参数 {'name':'xiaohu'} 会覆盖URL中的参数
# 示例四:
# mysite/mysite/urls.py
from django.urls import path, re_path
from blog import views
urlpatterns = [
re_path(r'^index/', views.index, name='book') # name表示URL的别名
re_path(r'^/movie/index/', views.index, name='book')
]
# mysite/blog/views.py
def index(req):
if req.method=='POST':
username=req.POST.get('username')
pwd=req.POST.get('pwd')
if username=='xiaohu' and pwd=='123':
return HttpResponse('登录成功!')
return render(req, 'login.html')
# mysite/templates/login.html
<body>
<!-- 相比于 action='/index/', URL地址更灵活 --
<form action="{% url 'book' %}" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username">
<input type="password" name="pwd">
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
</body>
# 访问地址:
http://localhost:8080/index
http://localhost:8080/movie/index
参考资料