WPF代码注意事项,开发常见问题，知识总结

代码注意事项：

1、代码实现的样式赋值

  XXX.Style = TryFindResource("StyleName") as Style;

2.WPF中FindName方法的使用

　(1)简单的使用　前台代码：

 <Button x:Name="btnName" Click="btnName_Click">Test Method FindName</Button>

　　后台代码:

 private void btnName_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

　　Button b = FindName("btnName") as Button;

　　MessageBox.Show(b.Name);

}

（2）在模板中使用FindName方法

   <Grid>
        <Grid x:Name="childGrid">
            <Button x:Name="rootBtn">
                <Button.Template>
                    <ControlTemplate>
                        <Button x:Name="btnName" Click="btnName_Click">Test Method FindName</Button>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Button.Template>
            </Button>
         
        </Grid>
    </Grid>

　后台代码：

  　　private void btnName_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Button b = rootBtn.Template.FindName("btnName",rootBtn) as Button;
            MessageBox.Show(b.Name);
        }

3.使用多个绑定参数

 <Button Height="23" Command="{Binding AddCommand}"   Content="计算"
                 HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="20,0,0,49" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Width="75">
            <Button.CommandParameter>
                <MultiBinding Converter="{StaticResource ParameterConverter}">
                    <Binding Path="Text" ElementName="textBox1"/>
                    <Binding Path="Text" ElementName="textBox2"/>
                </MultiBinding>
            </Button.CommandParameter>

4、将代码写在XAML中

    <Grid>
        <x:Code>  <![CDATA[
        private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            button1.Background = Brushes.Blue;
            button1.Content = "The code is in XAML";
            MessageBox.Show("hi");
        }
        ]]></x:Code>
        <Button Height="23" Margin="46,56,32,0" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Click="button1_Click">Click me!</Button>
    </Grid>

5、各属性对应的C#代码

    5.1<Window><Grid><Button ...></Grid></window>

　 等效代码如下：

            Grid g = new Grid();
            Button b = new Button();
            b.Width = 100;
            b.Height = 100;
            b.Content = "Test Button";
            b.Foreground = Brushes.LightBlue;
            g.Children.Add(b);
            myWindow.AddChild(g);

 6、ItemContainerGenerator.ContainerFromIndex方法的使用

TreeViewItem item = (TreeViewItem)myTreeView.ItemContainerGenerator.ContainerFromIndex(1);

7、WPF获取子控件和父控件方法　

public class Globals
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取父控件方法。该方法将根据当前控件，遍历查找其父控件是否存在。参数1是表示当前子控件名，参数2是要查询父控件名；
        /// </summary>
        public T GetParentObject<T>(DependencyObject obj, string name) where T : FrameworkElement
        {
            DependencyObject parent = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(obj);

            while (parent != null)
            {
                if (parent is T && (((T)parent).Name == name | string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)))
                {
                    return (T)parent;
                }

                parent = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(parent);
            }

            return null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 该方法将根据当前控件，遍历查找其子控件是否存在。参数1是表示当前父控件名，参数2是要查询子控件名；
        /// </summary> 
        public T GetChildObject<T>(DependencyObject obj, string name) where T : FrameworkElement
        {
            DependencyObject child = null;
            T grandChild = null;

            for (int i = 0; i <= VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(obj) - 1; i++)
            {
                child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(obj, i);

                if (child is T && (((T)child).Name == name | string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)))
                {
                    return (T)child;
                }
                else
                {
                    grandChild = GetChildObject<T>(child, name);
                    if (grandChild != null)
                        return grandChild;
                }
            }

            return null;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 该方法将把所有子控件作为List集合返回到客户端。
        /// 其中第一个参数是父控件参数，而第二个参数是特定子控件名称，
        /// 如果需要遍历全部子控件，第二个参数留空即可。
        /// </summary>
        public List<T> GetChildObjects<T>(DependencyObject obj, string name) where T : FrameworkElement
        {
            DependencyObject child = null;
            List<T> childList = new List<T>();

            for (int i = 0; i <= VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(obj) - 1; i++)
            {
                child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(obj, i);

                if (child is T && (((T)child).Name == name || string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)))
                {
                    childList.Add((T)child);
                }

                childList.AddRange(GetChildObjects<T>(child, ""));
            }

            return childList;

        }
    }

　　

XAML：

             Globals VTHelper = new Globals();
             StackPanel sp = VTHelper.GetChildObject<StackPanel>(this.LayoutRoot, "spDemoPanel");
             Grid layoutGrid = VTHelper.GetParentObject<Grid>(this.spDemoPanel, "LayoutRoot");
             List<TextBlock> textblock = VTHelper.GetChildObjects<TextBlock>(this.LayoutRoot, "");

　　

8.GridSplitter控件的使用：

    <Grid>
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="90*" />
            <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
            <ColumnDefinition Width="180*" />
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> 
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="190*" />
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
            <RowDefinition Height="70*" />
        </Grid.RowDefinitions> 
        <Button Content="ButtonA" Margin="3" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Grid.RowSpan="3" />
        <Button Content="ButtonB" Margin="3" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="2" />
        <Button Content="ButtonC" Margin="3" Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="2" />
        <GridSplitter Width="3" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch"   Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Grid.RowSpan="3"></GridSplitter>
        <GridSplitter Height="3" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"  Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="2"></GridSplitter>
    </Grid>

效果图:

9.UniformGrid控件中每行没列都相等

    <UniformGrid>
        <Button Content="ButtonA" /> 
        <Button Content="ButtonB" /> 
        <Button Content="ButtonC" /> 
        <Button Content="ButtonD" /> 
        <Button Content="ButtonE" /> 
        <Button Content="ButtonF" /> 
        <Button Content="ButtonG" /> 
        <Button Content="ButtonH" /> 
    </UniformGrid>

如图：