Django---drf, books系列表接口、分页器、根据ip进行频率限制---作业

1 一个表可不可以有多个自增字段

每个表只能有一个自增字段，否则数据库迁移命令报错
AssertionError: Model app01.ABC can't have more than one AutoField.

2 用GenericAPIView重写book的单增，群增，

view.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.response import Response

from app01.models import Book
from app01.ser import BookSerializer
# Create your views here.


class BookView(GenericAPIView):
    # .filter(is_delete=False)筛选一下，不然删除的数据也出来了
    queryset = Book.objects.all().filter(is_delete=False)
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        if not kwargs:
            book_list = self.get_queryset()
            book_ser = self.get_serializer(book_list, many=True)
            return Response(data=book_ser.data)
        else:
            book = self.get_object() #有pk获取单个对象
            # book = Book.objects.filter(pk=kwargs.get('pk', None)).first()
            book_ser = self.get_serializer(book)
            return Response(book_ser.data)

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        #增单条
        if isinstance(request.data, dict):#isinstance判断request.data是dict就执行
            book_ser = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
            book_ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
            book_ser.save()
            return Response(data=book_ser.data)
        #增多条
        elif isinstance(request.data, list):#isinstance判断request.data是list就执行
            
            book_ser = BookSerializer(data=request.data, many=True)
            book_ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
            #调用的from rest_framework.serializers import ListSerializer的save方法，而不是BookSerializer的
            book_ser.save()
            return Response(data=book_ser.data)

models.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
# Create your models here.


class BaseModel(models.Model):
    is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)#创建数据时，当前时间更新到该字段
    last_update_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)#数据更新时，当前时间更新到该字段

    class Meta:
        #abstract表示抽象表，不在数据库建立出来
        abstract = True


class Book(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='书籍名称', help_text='该字段添加书籍名称')
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2)
    authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author', db_constraint=False)
    #db_constraint逻辑上的关联，实质上没有外键关系，增删不受影响，orm也不受影响
    publish = models.ForeignKey(to='Publish', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, db_constraint=False)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = '书籍表' #admin中表名的显示

    def __str(self):
        return self.name

    @property
    def publish_name(self):
        return self.publish.name

    def author_list(self):
        author_list = self.authors.all()
        #get_sex_display获取choices的显示值
        #字典推导式
        return [{'name': author.name, 'sex': author.get_sex_display()}for author in author_list]


class Author(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    sex = models.IntegerField(choices=((1, '男'), (2, '女')))
    # db_constraint逻辑上的关联，实质上没有外键关系，增删不受影响，orm也不受影响
    authordetail = models.OneToOneField(to='AuthorDetail', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_constraint=False)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = '作者表'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class AuthorDetail(BaseModel):
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name='手机号')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = '作者详情表'


class Publish(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    addr = models.CharField(max_length=64)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = '出版社表'

ser.py<序列化类>

from rest_framework import serializers

from app01.models import Book


class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        # fields = '__all__'
        #想要序列化的字段
        fields = ('id', 'name', 'price', 'authors', 'publish', 'publish_name', 'author_list')
        #额外的参数
        extra_kwargs = {'publish': {'write_only': True},
                        'publish_name': {'read_only': True},
                        'authors': {'write_only': True},
                        'author_list': {'read_only': True},
                        }

总路由、分发给app01的子路由

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include  #路由分发

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('app01/', include('app01.urls')),
]

app01的子路由

from django.urls import path, re_path

from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('books/', views.BookView.as_view()),
    re_path('books/(?P<pk>d+)', views.BookView.as_view())
]

在admin.py注册方便在admin页面添加书籍数据

from django.contrib import admin

# Register your models here.


from app01 import models


admin.site.register(models.Book)
admin.site.register(models.Author)
admin.site.register(models.AuthorDetail)
admin.site.register(models.Publish)