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  • ActiveMQ使用

     

     

    ActiveMQ是Apache基金会开源的一个消息队列框架,也叫消息中间件。

    预备知识:

    1. 什么是JMS?
      Java消息服务(Java Message Service)即JMS,是一个Java平台中面向中间件的API,用于两个程序间或者分布式系统中发送消息,进行异步通信。
    2. 什么是AMQP?
      AMQP(Advanced Message Queuing Protocol)是一个提供统一消息服务的应用层标准协议,不受语言限制。
    3. JMS相关概念
    • 消费者、订阅者: 接收并处理消息
    • 消息:传递数据的内容
    • 消息模式:传递消息的方式,JMS中定义了队列和主题两种模式
    1. 队列模式和主题模式区别?
    • 队列模式中,一个消息只能被一个消费者消费
    • 主题模式中,一个消息可以被所有订阅者消费,但必须提前订阅

    一、Windows安装ActiveMQ

    1.下载解压

    地址: http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?filename=/activemq/5.15.6/apache-activemq-5.15.6-bin.zip&action=download
    解压后目录

     


     

     

    2.启动服务

    双击运行 inwin64activemq.bat,如果失败使用管理员权限运行

     


     

     

    默认端口为8161,访问 http://localhost:8161/ 用户名密码都为admin

     


     

     

    二、Linux安装ActiveMQ

    1.下载解压

    1)创建并切换目录 mkdir /usr/soft && cd /usr/soft
    2)下载压缩包 wget http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?filename=/activemq/5.15.6/apache-activemq-5.15.6-bin.tar.gz&action=download
    3)解压 tar -zvxf apache-activemq-5.15.6-bin.tar.gz

    2.启动访问

    进入bin目录 ./activemq start,访问虚拟机 ip地址:8161

    三、队列模式

    1.创建maven项目

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
      <groupId>com.lyf</groupId>
      <artifactId>jms-test</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
      <name>jms-test</name>
    
      <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
      </properties>
    
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
          <artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
          <version>5.15.6</version>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    
    </project>
    

    2.生产者

    
    import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
    
    import javax.jms.*;
    
    public class AppProducer {
      private final static String url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61616";
      private final static String queueName = "queue-test";
    
      public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {
        //1. 创建连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(url);
        
        //2. 创建连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
        
        //3. 启动连接
        connection.start();
        
        //4. 创建会话
        Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
        
        //5. 创建目标
        Destination destination = session.createQueue(queueName);
        
        //6. 创建生产者
        MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination);
        
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
          //7. 创建消息
          TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage("test_"+i);
          
          //8. 发送消息
          producer.send(textMessage);
          System.out.println("发送消息: "+textMessage.getText());
        }
        
        //9. 关闭连接
        session.close();
      }
    }
    

     


     

    查看队列

     

     


     

     

    3.消费者

    import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
    
    import javax.jms.*;
    
    public class AppConsumer {
      private final static String url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61616";
      private final static String queueName = "queue-test";
    
      public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {
        //1. 创建连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(url);
    
        //2. 创建连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
    
        //3. 启动连接
        connection.start();
    
        //4. 创建会话
        Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
    
        //5. 创建目标
        Destination destination = session.createQueue(queueName);
    
        //6. 创建消费者
        MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
    
        //7. 创建监听器
        consumer.setMessageListener((message) -> {
          //8. 接收消息
          TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) message;
          try {
            System.out.println("接收消息: " + textMessage.getText());
          } catch (JMSException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
          }
        });
      }
    }
    

     


     

     

    四、主题模式

    1.修改队列名字

    private final static String topicName = "topic-test";
    

    2.修改主题

    Destination destination = session.createTopic(topicName);
    

    注意: 先启动消费者再启动生产者

    五、Spring集成ActiveMQ

    • ConnectionFactory 用于管理连接的连接工厂
    • JmsTemplate 用于发送和接收消息的模板类,直接处理JMS消息
    • MessageListener 消息监听器,实现onMessage(Message msg)方法

    1.pom.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
      <groupId>com.lyf</groupId>
      <artifactId>jms-test</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
      <name>jms-test</name>
    
      <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
      </properties>
    
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
          <version>RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
          <version>RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
          <artifactId>activemq-core</artifactId>
          <version>5.7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
          <artifactId>javax.jms-api</artifactId>
          <version>2.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- 非集成环境使用 -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
          <artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
          <version>5.7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        
      </dependencies>
    </project>
    

    2.消息接口

    public interface ProducerService {
      void sendMessage(String message);
    }
    

    3.生产者

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import javax.jms.Destination;
    import javax.jms.TextMessage;
    
    @Component
    public class ProducerServiceImpl implements ProducerService {
    
      @Autowired
      private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
    
      // @Resource(name = "topicDestination")
      @Resource(name = "queueDestination")
      private Destination destination;
    
      @Override
      public void sendMessage(String message) {
        jmsTemplate.send(destination, session -> {
          TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage(message);
          System.out.println("发送消息: " + textMessage.getText());
          return textMessage;
        });
      }
    }
    

    4.消费监听

    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import javax.jms.JMSException;
    import javax.jms.Message;
    import javax.jms.MessageListener;
    import javax.jms.TextMessage;
    
    @Component
    public class ConsumerMessageListener implements MessageListener{
      
      @Override
      public void onMessage(Message message) {
        TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) message;
        try {
          System.out.println("接收消息: "+textMessage.getText());
        } catch (JMSException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
      }
    }
    

    5.spring配置

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.lyf" />
    
        <!-- ActiveMQ 提供连接工厂-->
        <bean id="amqConnectionFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
            <property name="brokerURL" value="tcp://http://192.168.184.200:61616"></property>
            <property name="userName" value="admin"></property>
            <property name="password" value="admin"></property>
        </bean>
        <!-- 配置JMS连接 -->
        <bean id="connectionFactory"
              class="org.springframework.jms.connection.SingleConnectionFactory">
            <constructor-arg ref="amqConnectionFactory" />
        </bean>
    
        <!-- 定义消息队列 -->
        <bean id="queueDestination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">
            <!-- 设置消息队列的名字 -->
            <constructor-arg value="queue"></constructor-arg>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="topicDestination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQTopic">
            <!-- 设置消息队列的名字 -->
            <constructor-arg value="topic"></constructor-arg>
        </bean>
    
        <!-- 配置JMS模板 -->
        <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
            <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
        </bean>
    
        <!-- 配置消息队列监听者 -->
        <bean id="consumerMessageListener" class="com.lyf.spring.ConsumerMessageListener" />
    
        <!-- 消息监听容器-->
        <bean id="queueListenerContainer"
              class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">
            <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
            <property name="destination" ref="queueDestination" />
            <!--<property name="destination" ref="topicDestination" />-->
            <property name="messageListener" ref="consumerMessageListener" />
        </bean>
    </beans>
    

    6.单元测试

    import com.lyf.spring.ProducerServiceImpl;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring.xml"})
    public class App {
      
      @Autowired
      private ProducerServiceImpl producerService;
      
      @Test
      public void producer(){
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
          producerService.sendMessage("test_"+i);
    }
      }
    }
    

    六、集群环境

    高可用:解决单点故障引起的服务中断
    负载均衡:多服务器提供服务,避免单台服务器性能问题

    1.集群方式

    • Broker cluster:实现负载均衡,通过zookper同步多个Broker之间消息
    • Master Slave:实现高可用,Master挂掉,Slave节点变为Master提供服务
     高可用负载均衡
    Master Slave
    Broker Cluster

    Master Slave只有一个节点提供服务,Broker Cluster多个节点同时工作

    2.高可用和高并发集群

     


     

     

    1. Node-a 同步消息
    2. Node-b 和 Node-c 做主从
    3. 生产者为Node-b和Node-c,三个都可以为消费者

    3.集群配置

    复制三份activemq分别命名为activemq-a、activemq-b、activemq-c
    依次修改jetty.xml中port端口:8161、8162、8163
    依次修改activemq.xml中tcp端口:61616、61617、61618,并添加networkConnectors配置:
    activemq-a:

        <transportConnectors>
            <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://0.0.0.0:61616?maximumConnections=1000&amp;wireFormat.maxFrameSize=104857600"/>
        </transportConnectors>
        <networkConnectors>
            <networkConnector name="local_network" uri="static:(tcp:127.0.0.1:61617,tcp:127.0.0.1:61618)" />
        </networkConnectors>
    

    activemq-b:

        <transportConnectors>
            <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://0.0.0.0:61617?maximumConnections=1000&amp;wireFormat.maxFrameSize=104857600"/>
        </transportConnectors>
        <networkConnectors>
            <networkConnector name="network_a" uri="static:(tcp:127.0.0.1:61616)" />
        </networkConnectors>
    

    activemq-c:

        <transportConnectors>
            <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://0.0.0.0:61618?maximumConnections=1000&amp;wireFormat.maxFrameSize=104857600"/>
        </transportConnectors>
        <networkConnectors>
            <networkConnector name="network_b" uri="static:(tcp:127.0.0.1:61616)" />
        </networkConnectors>
    

    启动服务

    4.客户端配置

    ActiveMQ失效转移(failover)允许其中一台消息服务器宕机时,重新连接其他服务器。

    生产者

    private final static String url = "failover:(tcp://192.168.184.200:61617,tcp://192.168.184.200:61618)?randomize=true";
    

    消费者

    private final static String url = "failover:(tcp://192.168.184.200:61616,tcp://192.168.184.200:61617,tcp://192.168.184.200:61618)?randomize=true";
    

    参考资料

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/linyufeng/p/9744893.html
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