基于C++控制台实现的贪吃蛇

本文为大大维原创，最早于博客园发表，转载请注明出处！！！

虽然本人一直是个免费的游戏测试员（/手动滑稽），但一直有着一个游戏架构师的梦想。正如马爸爸所说，梦想还是要有的，万一实现了呢？

这些天放寒假，有些空闲时间，就想着做一个简单的游戏机。能达到小时候十几块钱买的那种小霸王的功能就差不多了（有贪吃蛇，赛车小游戏，俄罗斯方块，雷霆战机，坦克大战，2048，拼图等），好吧，原谅我有些浮夸风（/手动斜眼）。。。

这不，下面是我这两天抠出来的一个最简单的贪吃蛇小游戏，姑且叫它“大大维的贪吃蛇v1”吧！！！

游戏功能比较简单，后续还需要完善。先将代码在这保存一份，日后看看，也是一件挺有意思的事情吧！！！

/**--------------------------------------------------**/
/**名称：大大维的贪吃蛇v1             日期:2017/1/22**/
/**描述：实现了贪吃蛇的基本功能，可以调节游戏难度，**/
/**做了一个简单的用户界面                           **/
/**存在的问题：由于使用了全局数组存贮，因此对Space **/
/**类的封装有些欠缺；由于使用了全局刷新，游戏运行中**/
/**会出现闪屏现象，游戏难度越高，闪动越严重；不能够**/
/**存储玩家的游戏记录，由于不是图形化界面，用户界面**/
/**较丑;不能改变游戏的地图大小                      **/
/**笔者会在后续版本逐步完善这些问题!!!              **/
/**--------------------------------------------------**/

#include<iostream>
#include<ctime>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstdio>
#include<conio.h>
#include<windows.h>
using namespace std;
const int SpaceLENG=20;
const int SpaceHIGH=40;
const int HARDSPEED=100;
const int NOMALSPEED=400;
const int EASYSPEED=700;
int speed=NOMALSPEED;
bool FLAG=true;
enum dir {UP,DOWN,LEFT,RIGHT};///使用小写会引发歧义
enum level {HARD,ESAY,NOMAL};
///----------------------------------------------------
///游戏空间定义
class Space
{
public:
    void InitSpace();
    void DisplaySpace();
public:
    char SpaceData[SpaceLENG+2][SpaceHIGH+2];
};
void Space::InitSpace()
{
    for(int i=-1; i<SpaceLENG+1; i++)
        for(int j=-1; j<SpaceHIGH+1; j++)
        {
            if(i<0||i==SpaceLENG||j<0||j==SpaceHIGH)
                SpaceData[i][j]='#';
            else
                SpaceData[i][j]=' ';
        }
}
void Space::DisplaySpace()
{
    for(int i=-1; i<SpaceLENG+1; i++)
    {
        for(int j=-1; j<SpaceHIGH+1; j++)
        {
            cout<<SpaceData[i][j];
        }
        cout<<endl;
    }
    cout<<endl<<endl;
}
Space *spa=new Space();
///----------------------------------------------------
///蛇节点定义
class SnakeNode
{
public:
    void setXY(int m,int n)
    {
        x=m;
        y=n;
    }
    void setNext(SnakeNode *temp)
    {
        next=temp;
    }
    void setPrior(SnakeNode *temp)
    {
        prior=temp;
    }
    int getX()
    {
        return x;
    }
    int getY()
    {
        return y;
    }
    SnakeNode* getNext()
    {
        return next;
    }
    SnakeNode* getPrior()
    {
        return prior;
    }
private:
    int x,y;
    SnakeNode *prior,*next;
};
///----------------------------------------------------
///食物定义
class Food
{
public:
    void foodCreate()
    {
        bool flag=true;
        while(flag)
        {
            srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
            fx=rand()%SpaceLENG;
            fy=rand()%SpaceHIGH;
            if(spa->SpaceData[fx][fy]!='*')
                flag=false;
        }

        spa->SpaceData[fx][fy]='$';
    }
    int getFx()
    {
        return fx;
    }
    int getFy()
    {
        return fy;
    }
private:
    int fx;
    int fy;
};
///----------------------------------------------------
///蛇定义
class Snake:public SnakeNode,public Food
{
public:
    Snake()
    {
        addHead(SpaceLENG/2,SpaceHIGH/2);
        addHead(SpaceLENG/2,SpaceHIGH/2-1);
        addHead(SpaceLENG/2,SpaceHIGH/2-2);
    }
    void addHead(int x,int y);
    void delTail();
    void moving();
    void changePoint(char keydown);
    SnakeNode* getHead()
    {
        return head;
    }
    SnakeNode* getTail()
    {
        return tail;
    }
    int getLEN()
    {
        return LEN;
    }
private:
    SnakeNode *head=NULL,*tail=NULL;
    int LEN=0;
    dir point=LEFT;
};
void Snake::addHead(int x,int y)
{
    SnakeNode *temp=new SnakeNode();
    temp->setXY(x,y);
    temp->setNext(head);
    temp->setPrior(NULL);
    if(head)
    {
        head->setPrior(temp);///如果头不为空
        spa->SpaceData[head->getX()][head->getY()]='*';///旧头
    }
    head=temp;
    if(!tail)tail=head;///如果尾为空
    spa->SpaceData[head->getX()][head->getY()]='@';///新头
    LEN++;
}
void Snake::delTail()
{
    SnakeNode *temp=tail;
    spa->SpaceData[tail->getX()][tail->getY()]=' ';
    if(tail==head)
        tail=head=NULL;
    else
    {
        tail=tail->getPrior();
        tail->setNext(NULL);
        LEN--;
    }
    delete temp;

}
void Snake::moving()
{
    int a,b;
    SnakeNode* temp=getHead();
    a=temp->getX();
    b=temp->getY();
    switch(point)
    {
    case UP:
        --a;
        break;
    case DOWN:
        ++a;
        break;
    case LEFT:
        --b;
        break;
    case RIGHT:
        ++b;
        break;
    }
    ///撞墙
    if(a==SpaceLENG||b==SpaceHIGH||a==-1||b==-1)
    {
        FLAG=false;
    }
    ///撞自己身体
    if(spa->SpaceData[a][b]=='*')
    {
        spa->SpaceData[a][b]=='@';///用头结点覆盖相撞节点
        FLAG=false;
    }
    ///吃食物
    if(a==getFx()&&b==getFy())
    {
        addHead(a,b);
        foodCreate();
    }
    ///普通移动
    else
    {
        addHead(a,b);
        delTail();
    }
}
void Snake::changePoint(char keydown)///方向控制
{
    switch(keydown)
    {
    case 'w':
    {
        if(point!=DOWN)
        {
            point=UP;
            break;
        }
        else break;
    }
    case 'W':
    {
        if(point!=DOWN)
        {
            point=UP;
            break;
        }
        else break;
    }
    case 's':
    {
        if(point!=UP)
        {
            point=DOWN;
            break;
        }
        else break;
    }
    case 'S':
    {
        if(point!=UP)
        {
            point=DOWN;
            break;
        }
        else break;
    }
    case 'a':
    {
        if(point!=RIGHT)
        {
            point=LEFT;
            break;
        }
        else break;
    }
    case 'A':
    {
        if(point!=RIGHT)
        {
            point=LEFT;
            break;
        }
        else break;
    }
    case 'd':
    {
        if(point!=LEFT)
        {
            point=RIGHT;
            break;
        }
        else break;
    }
    case 'D':
    {
        if(point!=LEFT)
        {
            point=RIGHT;
            break;
        }
        else break;
    }
    }
}
///----------------------------------------------------
///用户交互界面创建
class UserView
{
public:
    int menuCreate();
    int gameSetting();
};
int UserView::menuCreate()
{
    bool flag=true;
    while(flag)
    {
        cout<<"                 MENU"<<endl<<endl;
        cout<<"Instruction:"<<endl<<endl;
        cout<<"The Snake's original length is 3."<<endl<<endl;
        cout<<"Using 'w,s,a,d' or 'W,S,A,D' to control the direction."<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl;
        cout<<"Please Input 'Y'or'y' to start game;"<<endl;
        cout<<"Please Input 'N'or'n' to end game;"<<endl;
        cout<<"Please Input 'S'or's' to game setting;"<<endl;
        cout<<"Please Input else to stay!"<<endl;
        char startKey=getch();
        if(startKey=='N'||startKey=='n')
        {
            system("cls");
            cout<<"Good Bye!!!"<<endl;
            exit(0);
        }
        else if(startKey=='Y'||startKey=='y')
        {
            system("cls");
            cout<<"         Game Start!!!"<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl;
            cout<<"         GOOD LUCK!!!"<<endl;
            getch();
            flag=false;
        }
        else if(startKey=='S'||startKey=='s')
        {
            gameSetting();
        }
        system("cls");
    }
    system("cls");
    return 0;
}
int UserView::gameSetting()
{
    system("cls");
    cout<<"         Setting:"<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl;
    cout<<"Please Chose Game Difficulty"<<endl;
    cout<<"Input 'H'or'h'---Hard  Level"<<endl;
    cout<<"Input 'N'or'n'---Nomal Level"<<endl;
    cout<<"Input 'E'or'e'---Easy  Level"<<endl;
    cout<<"Input else return the MENU"<<endl;
    char hardKey=getch();
    if(hardKey=='H'||hardKey=='h')
    {
        cout<<"The Game's Difficulty now is Hard  Level!!!"<<endl;
        speed=HARDSPEED;
        return 0;
    }
    else if(hardKey=='N'||hardKey=='n')
    {
        cout<<"The Game's Difficulty now is Nomal  Level!!!"<<endl;
        speed=NOMALSPEED;
        return 0;
    }
    else if(hardKey=='E'||hardKey=='e')
    {
        cout<<"The Game's Difficulty now is Easy  Level!!!"<<endl;
        speed=EASYSPEED;
        return 0;
    }
    system("cls");
    return 0;
}
///----------------------------------------------------
///程序入口
int main()
{
    while(true)
    {
        FLAG=true;
        UserView view;
        view.menuCreate();
        spa->InitSpace();
        Snake sna;
        sna.foodCreate();
        spa->DisplaySpace();
        while(FLAG)
        {
            char downKey=getch();
            sna.changePoint(downKey);
            ///kbhit()，检查是否有键盘输入，若有，则返回一个非0值，否则返回0，在头文件<conio.h>中定义
            ///此处FLAG如果不加，会产生蛇吃墙现象
            while(FLAG&&!kbhit())
            {
                system("cls");
                sna.moving();
                spa->DisplaySpace();
                Sleep(speed);
            }
        }
        cout<<"Game Over!!!"<<endl;
        cout<<"The Snake's Length is :"<<sna.getLEN()<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl;
        cout<<"The Game Will Return Back MENU!"<<endl;
        getch();
        system("cls");
    }
    return 0;
}

最后上几张游戏的运行的截图：