植物为生物界提供了最初的组织体（有机物），动物、病原菌等消费者都需要取食部分植物组织体以维持自己的生命活动。植物进化出了一些列物理的和化学的防御机制来抵抗取食者的取食，但取食者会进化出对策，这又给植物的防御机制的进化提供了动力。“植物防御理论”就是针对“取食者--植物”这一互作体系进行植物防御的表型、遗传及地理变异研究的理论体系，现在已经有很多致力于解释“为什么现有的植物都能很好的保护自己”的植物防御假说。
Stamp N. 2003. Out of the quagmire of plant defense hypotheses. Q Rev Biol. 78: 23–55.
这篇综述总体上浅显易懂。
由于是一个我之前没接触过的新领域的综述，我将对摘要进行逐句翻译。
Several hypotheses, mainly Optimal Defense (OD), Carbon: Nutrient Balance (CNB), Growth Rate (GR), and Growth-Differentiation Balance (GDB), have individually served as frameworks for investigating the patterns of plant defense against herbivores, in particular the pattern of constitutive defense.
关于植物对动物采食防御理论，尤其是组成型防御，主要有几个独立的假设：最优防御策略（OD），碳氮平衡策略（CNB）、生长率策略（GR）和生长分化平衡策略（GDB）。
The predictions and tests of these hypotheses have been problematic for a variety of reasons and have led to considerable confusion about the state of the "theory of plant defense."
这些假设都因为不同的原因而在预测和检验上出现了问题，导致了我们队“植物防御理论”的认知混乱状态。
The primary contribution of the OD hypothesis is that it has served as the main framework for investigation of genotypic expression of plant defense, with the emphasis on allocation cost of defense.
OD假说的主要贡献是，可以解释植物防御过程中基因表达的成本分配策略。
（has served as the main framework for investigation of 不知道怎么翻译合适，下同）
The primary contribution of the CNB hypothesis is that it has served as the main framework for investigation of how resources affect phenotypic expression of plant defense, often with studies concerned about allocation cost of defense.
CNB假设的主要贡献是，可以解释植物防御过程中可获得的资源是如何作用于表型表达的，有时也关注防御成本的分配。
The primary contribution of the GR hypothesis is that it explains how intrinsic growth rate of plants shaped evolutionarily by resource availability affects defensive patterns.
GR家说的主要贡献是，可以解释受资源可获得性影响的植物固有生长率是如何影响其防御模式的。
（ pattern在英文里是一个非常好用的词，但不清楚翻译成那个词语合适）
The primary contribution of the expanded GDB hypothesis is that it recognizes the constant physiological tradeoff between growth and differentiation at the cellular and tissue levels relative to the selective pressures of resource availability, including explicitly taking into account plant tolerance of damage by enemies.
GDB假设的主要贡献，则在于意识到了植物在应对资源的选择性压力时在细胞和组织层面的生长和分化的tradeoff，也考虑到植物对敌人伤害的忍受性。
A clearer understanding of these hypotheses and what we have learned from investigations that use them can facilitate development of well-designed experiments that address the gaps in our knowledge of plant defense.
对这些理论及基于这些理论的调查研究的清晰理解，对于我们设计良好的实验以填补对植物防御认识的空白是非常重要的。
- OD
- CNB
- GR
- GDB
具体四个假设的发展及具体内容，这篇综述做了很详细的回顾。我暂时用不到，就不拜读了。